Investigations on dissolved copper—organic substances in Baltic waters

A technique for the pH-controlled isolation and separation of dissolved copper—organic substances from large amounts of seawater is described. The method has been applied in two cruises in the Bothnian and Gotland Seas of the Baltic. In both areas the correlation between the amount of isolated dissolved organic material (DOM) and the concentration of organic copper in seawater has been found to be highly significant. Under the conditions established in our experiments, organic copper fractions detected in Baltic waters were in the range of about 5% of total copper. HPLC chromatograms and UV irradiation experiments from DOM extracts strongly indicate the existence of dissolved organic-copper compounds in Baltic waters.     

High to low velocity succession in the upper crust related to tectonic emplacement: Tras os Montes-Galicia (Iberia), Brittany and Limousin (France)

Summary. Seismic probing of the upper crust in a catazonal massif in Tras os Montes, Hercynian Iberia, demonstrates the absence of a root towards the lower crust and favours a mechanism of thrust and nappe emplacement. Similar high to low velocity successions in the upper crust are evidenced in particular segments of the Hercynian domain of France. All these occurrences are related to a type region to which a particular meaning has been given in a recent plate tectonics interpretation of the Hercynian orogenesis. This model, implying large-scale nappe displacement and intracrustal thrusts furnishes in turn a general mechanism for the tectonic formation of upper crustal high and low velocity layers of limited extent in orogenic cycles.