Response of Atmospheric Energy to Historical Climate Change in CMIP5

Three forms of atmospheric energy, i.e., internal, potential, and latent, are analyzed based on the historical simulations of 32 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5) models and two reanalysis datasets(NCEP/NCAR and ERA-40). The spatial pattern of climatological mean atmospheric energy is well reproduced by all CMIP5 models. The variation of globally averaged atmospheric energy is similar to that of surface air temperature(SAT) for most models. The atmospheric energy from both simulation and reanalysis decreases following the volcanic eruption in low-latitude zones. Generally, the climatological mean of simulated atmospheric energy from most models is close to that obtained from NCEP/NCAR, while the simulated atmospheric energy trend is close to that obtained from ERA-40. Under a certain variation of SAT, the simulated global latent energy has the largest increase ratio, and the increase ratio of potential energy is the smallest.     

Analysis on the Interaction between Turbulence and Secondary Circulation of the Surface Layer at Jinta Oasis in Summer

The kinetic energy variations of mean flow and turbulence at three levels in the surface layer were calculated by using eddy covariance data from observations at Jinta oasis in 2005 summer.It is found that when the mean horizontal flow was stronger,the turbulent kinetic energy was increased at all levels,as well as the downward mean wind at the middle level.Since the mean vertical flow on the top and bottom were both negligible at that time,there was a secondary circulation with convergence in the upper half and divergence in the lower half of the column.After consideration of energy conversion,it was found that the interaction between turbulence and the secondary circulation caused the intensification of each other.The interaction reflected positive feedback between turbulence and the vertical shear of the mean flow.Turbulent sensible and latent heat flux anomaly were also analyzed.The results show that in both daytime and at night,when the surface layer turbulence was intensified as a result of strengthened mean flow,the sensible heat flux was decreased while the latent heat flux was increased.Both anomalous fluxes contributed to the cold island effect and the moisture island effect of the oasis.     

Spatial distribution and temporal trends of persistent organochlorine pollutants in sediments from Lake Maryut, Alexandria, Egypt

Organochlorine compounds (OCs) in surface and core sediments collected from Lake Maryut, Egypt, were examined to elucidate their distribution, ecological risk and historical trend. To our knowledge, this is the first study on residue levels of OCs in sediments from Lake Maryut. Concentrations of PCBs and DDTs were higher than other OCs, ranging from 3.06 to 388 and from 0.07 to 106 ng/g dry wt., respectively. The highest concentrations of OCs were found at stations near the discharge point of sewage and close to industrial areas. The distribution of DDT and its metabolites suggest no recent inputs into the lake environment. Contamination levels of sedimentary PCBs and DDTs, can be categorized moderate to high compared to other urbanized regions worldwide. Temporal trends in OCs levels were influenced by input pathways at two sites. Evaluation of ecotoxicological risks suggests that adverse biological effects are expected mainly in the main basin area.     

青海达日—久治地区巴颜喀拉盆地研究进展

建立了测区三叠系巴颜喀拉山群地层格架,恢复了盆地充填序列和大地构造背景,系统总结了盆地基本层序类型,分析了盆地沉积旋回和海平面变化规律; 新发现深水风暴岩沉积; 取得了较老的锆石年龄数据,认为巴颜喀拉盆地存在硬基底; 发现三条大型韧脆性剪切带,探讨了区域隆升历史; 进行了大比例尺南水北调西线工程环境地质研究。      

灌注桩抽芯钻进工况的自动识别

对钻孔灌注桩进行抽芯检验时，可能因钻头切断钢筋而使桩基承载力下降甚至整根桩报废，本文提出的方法可对钻头遇到钢筋的孔内工况进行自动识别，声光报警，并给出遇钢筋的深度，以防切断钢筋，文中还介绍了判断钢筋笼歪斜情况的简易方法。     

钻探微机多功能监测系统的研制及其推广应用

DDW钻探微机多功能监测系统由传感器、接口电路、工业微机、输出与报警设备组成。可随钻监测和记录钻进过程,对孔内异常工况报警,跟踪钻孔轨迹,从而改变凭经验打钻的现状,提高钻探效率,降低事故率,保证好的地质效果。     

发展我国海底取样技术的几点设想

论述了进行海底取样的意义和目的，介绍了国外研制的各种海底取样器工作原理及应用特点，提出了发展我国海底取样技术的几点设想。