大鹏澳水域秋季浮游植物优势种的演替及其与春季的比较

根据2002年11月在亚大湾大鹏澳进行的连续30d(每日采样一次)观测资料，运用主成分分析和多元回归分析相结合方法，分析大鹏澳非养殖区中各浮游植物优势种之间的关系及影响其生长与演替的主要理化因子．建立秋季浮游植物优势种演替模型，并与春季的大鹏澳现场调查建立的浮游植物优势种演替模型进行比较，分析生境变化(降雨)对浮游植物优势种演替过程的影响。结果表明，春，秋季浮游植物优势种发生不同的演替过程。春季浮游植物对资源的竞争较为激烈，大量降雨引起海水中营养盐浓度升高，促进并维持中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)高密度生长，待营养盐被大量消耗后，中肋骨条藻数量下降，减轻了对柔弱菱形藻(Nitzschia delicatissima)的生长压力而使其成为优势种；而秋季水温较低，浮游植物细胞数量较春季大为减少，中肋骨条藻和柔弱菱形藻对资源的竞争较为缓和，使外界环境变化成为影响优势种变化的主要原因；降雨期间虽然营养盐增加，但环境变化使浮游植物的生长受到限制，雨后柔弱菱形藻数量不能恢复，水体中高营养盐浓度促使中肋骨条藻出现生长峰值。     

添加维生素B_（12）生产菌高密度培养褶皱臂尾轮虫的效果

阐述把维生素Ｂ１２生产菌添加到培养水中培养褶皱臂尾轮虫ＢｒａｃｈｉｏｎｕｓＰｌｉｃａｔｉｌｉｓ的买验。共１８株细菌分离于轮虫培养池，其中，有一株产维生素Ｂ１２的假单胞杆菌ＴＰ４对轮虫的生长繁殖有明显的促进作用。把ＴＰ４菌株培养后，加入到２Ｌ的烧杯和５００Ｌ的水槽中培养泰国Ｓ型轮虫时．在９ｄ（天）和６ｄ（天）中，轮虫密度从１２４～１３９和２４２～２８８个体／ｍｌ增殖到４，４１７～５，５４０和１，０１７～１，２５４个体／ｍｌ，分别比对照组增加了４～６及２～３倍。     

Inhibition of coral fertilisation and larval metamorphosis by tributyltin and copper

Fertilisation and larval metamorphosis of reef-building corals are important life history events leading to recruitment of juvenile corals to reef populations. Little is known of the sensitivity of these early life phases to pollution, or their relative susceptibility to certain toxicants compared with established coral colonies. Inhibition of fertilisation and larval metamorphosis of the coral Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834) was assessed in response to solutions of the antifoulants tributyltin (TBT) and copper (Cu) using laboratory-based bioassays. Nominal concentrations that inhibited 50% fertilisation and metamorphosis (IC50) were calculated from 4 h fertilisation and 24 h metamorphosis assays and were based on introduced dose. Cu was most potent towards fertilisation with an IC50 of 17.4 micrograms/l. TBT however, proved more toxic to larval metamorphosis having an IC50 of 2.0 micrograms/l. Inert surfaces coated with either Cu- or TBT-based antifouling paint also inhibited fertilisation and metamorphosis. The degree of inhibition was correlated with surface area of the paint coating. These results indicate fertilisation and metamorphosis of coral can be sensitive to active components of antifouling paints.     

海底管道铺设过程的静动力分析

本文首先借助于弹性杆理论推导出一组求解长细管道力学问题的基本方程,然后分析计算了两个情况:(一)三维的静力问题。所采用的数值方法——平行打靶法证明对求解这类由于边界层性质而产生的刚性方程是很有效的。(二)二维的动力问题,这是本文的重点。分析的方法是将管道的运动视为在静态大挠度位置附近的小运动,从而得到一组系数由静态分析确定的求解动态问题的变系数线性常微分方程,使问题可再次应用平行打靶法得到解决。与模拟实验的结果比较表明,这种处理方法得到的结果基本上符合实际。     

皱纹盘鲍对氯霉素的通透性吸收与扩散

在海水溶液中的氯霉素分子可以越过皱纹盘鲍Ｈａｌｉｏｔｉｓ ｄｉｓｃｕｓ ｈａｎｎａｉ Ｉｎｏ的体表结构进入其血淋巴液中。鲍血淋巴液中氯霉素的浓度与药浴液的氯霉素浓度，温度均呈线性关系，药浴时间的效应表现的Ｓ形逼近曲线。在２０℃的海水中，鲍血淋巴液中的氯霉素向体外扩散的半衰期为４２ｍｉｎ。     

赤点石斑鱼人工繁殖的研究 Ⅰ.亲鱼的室内自然产卵

作者１９９５年在漳州市东山湾水产增殖中心进行赤点石斑鱼（Ｅｐｉｎｅｐｈｅｌｕｓａｋａａｒａ，对人工繁殖研究时，对亲鱼产卵前及产卵期间的摄饵，每天的产卵量及卵质进行了观察、研究，报道如下：１材料与方法１．１亲鱼亲鱼共１９尾，于１９９４年１２月初购自东山县海上网箱养殖户，系从自然海区钓捕，经２～３ａ养殖的群体。养于海上网箱，日常投喂小杂鱼，并定期投喂一定比例的维生素饲料添加剂。至１９９５年５月２１日测得平均全长３５．９ｃｍ，体重９１６．５ｇ。５月２８日亲鱼移往室内产卵池，经检查雌、雄比为：雌：雄：不…     

偕胺肟树脂的吸铀机理

通过对偕胺肟树脂对铀的吸附等温线和吸附速率测定,研究了偕胺肟树脂在海水中的吸铀机理,实验表明树脂吸铀量随温度上升而增加,亦随pH值不同而变,由热力学计算的吸附焓变为ΔH=42.4千焦尔/摩尔,由动力学计算的吸附表观活化能为41.2千焦尔/摩尔,结果表明吸附过程是通过树脂的偕胺肟基对铀酰离子的化学吸附,而树脂对铀酰离子吸附能力的次序为:UO₂2+>[UO₂(OH)₃]->[UO₂(CO₃)₃]4-。     

太阳活动11年周期与埃尔—尼诺现象形成的关系

本文利用本世纪以来所出现的埃尔－尼诺现象和太阳活动资料，分析了太阳活动１１年周期单周和双周内埃尔－尼诺现象的发生频数及其差异，并分析了单周和双周内埃尔－尼诺现象的形成与太阳活动１１年周期位相的关系，以期对埃尔－尼诺现象的预测提供太阳活动的背景。     

Wave Defending Effects of V-Type Bottom-Mounted Breakwaters

An analytical method is developed for the study of the wave defending effects of the V-type bottom-mounted breakwater. The breakwater is assumed to be rigid, thin, impermeable and vertically located in water of constant depth. The fluid domain is divided into three sub-regions by an imaginary interface. The velocity potential in each region is expanded by eigenfunctions. By satisfying the corresponding boundary conditions and matching conditions in and between sub-regions, a set of hnear algebraic equations can be obtained to determine the unknown coetfficients for the eigenfunction expansions for each sub-region. The accuracy of the present model is verified by a comparison with existing results for the case of an isolated breakwater. Numerical results, in the form of contour maps of the relative wave amplitude around the breakwater, are presented for a range of wave and breakwater parameters. The results show that the V-type bottommounted breakwater is generally effective in defending against waves. In general, the wave height in the protected area is about 20-50 percent of the incident wave height.     

MECHANISM OF URANIUM ADSORPTION ON AMIDOXIME RESIN

The mechanism of uranium adsorption from seawater by polyacrylamidoxime resin is investigated by means of the experiments of adsorption isotherm and adsorption rate. The uranium uptake increases with the adsorption temperature and varies with the pH of seawater. Thermochemical and kinetic calculation show that the enthalpy change (△H) and the activation energy (E) of the uranium adsorption are 42.4 42.4 kJ mol-1 and 41.2 kJ mol-1 respectively, indicating that the uranium adsorption on the resin proceeds via a certain complex chemical reaction in which the amidoxime group in the resin chelates uranyl ions.