包头西6.4级地震临震前宏观异常的研究

通过对包头６．４级地震临震前动物、地下水等宏观异常时、空、强分布特征的研究,提出了利用动物、地下水震前宏观异常加强短临追综研究,进行短临预报的思路和方法。     

希腊Samos岛西部晚中新世盐碱湖中硬硼钙石和钠硼解石的产状

<正> 0 引言工业硼酸盐矿床主要是钠硼酸盐、钠-钙硼酸盐和钙硼酸盐,如硬硼钙石、硼砂(原硼砂)、钠硼解石、贫水硼砂和板硼钙石。另外还有100多种硼酸盐矿物,但含量较低,其中最常见的有:图硼锶石、斜硼钠钙石、三方硼砂、砷硼镁钙石和水硼锶石。所有硼酸生产国(除前苏联外)的硼酸盐矿床都是表生沉积形成的,包括低—中等水溶性硼酸盐。相反,罕见的内生镁硼酸盐——硼镁石是前苏联的主要硼酸盐资源。表生类型的硼酸盐和硼酸的富集赋存在以下的环境中:(1)火山喷气和热泉;(2)海洋     

新仙女木期沙漠/黄土过渡带高分辨率泥炭记录——东亚季风气候颤动的实例

通过对气候敏感的沙漠/黄土过渡带中湖沼沉积进行高分辨率的~(14)C年代学和气候代用指标的研究,揭示了东亚季风气候存在着干冷(11.2～10.6kaBP)、湿凉(10.6～10.2kaBP)和干冷(10.2～10.0kaBP)的颤动特征。沙漠/黄土过渡带地处欧洲下风区,通过西风带与极地北大西洋气候相联系。晚冰期上述地区大气和海面温度变化引起西伯利亚～蒙古高压强度的变化,进一步影响东西区域性海-陆气压梯度的增强与减弱。因此,这一时期东亚季风气候这种百年尺度的快速颤动可视为高纬极地大陆气团与太平洋暖湿气团相互作用的写照。     

Petroleum geoscience in Norden - exploration, production and organization

Offshore exploration in Norway and Denmark-in the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea-has involved drilling about 850 wildcat wells, resulting in about 300 oil and gas finds, of which 84 are fields with production. The recoverable resources of all these finds total about 65 billion barrels of oil equivalent. Almost all these hydrocarbons come from a Jurassic source and the main reservoirs and traps are Jurassic sandstones in fault blocks and Paleocene sandstones or Cretaceous chalks in gentle domes. The article describes four major fields-Ekofisk, Gullfaks, Ormen Lange and SnФhvitto illustrate some of the many challenges in developing and producing the hydrocarbons.
Elsewhere in Norden, there has been much less exploration. Drilling results have mostly been negative in mainland Sweden, onshore Denmark, onshore Svalbard and on- and offshore West Greenland. Minor oil finds have been made in Palaeozoic rocks in the Baltic Sea. The first wells have recently been drilled off the Faroe Islands, resulting in one discovery. No drilling has taken place on- or offshore East Greenland.
As a result of the hydrocarbon activities in Norway and Denmark, petroleum geoscience there has flourished, with 2000 geoscientists currently employed in the industry, many technical innovations made, a wealth of publically available information and a great increase in the understanding of the geology.     

Using analytic element models to delineate drinking water source protection areas

Since 1999, Ohio EPA hydrogeologists have used two analytic element models (AEMs), the proprietary software GFLOW and U.S. EPA's WhAEM, to delineate protection areas for 535 public water systems. Both models now use the GFLOW2001 solution engine, integrate well with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, have a user-friendly graphical interface, are capable of simulating a variety of complex hydrogeologic settings, and do not rely upon a model grid. These features simplify the modeling process and enable AEMs to bridge the gap between existing simplistic delineation methods and more complex numerical models. Ohio EPA hydrogeologists demonstrated that WhAEM2000 and GFLOW2000 were capable of producing capture zones similar to more widely accepted models by applying the AEMs to eight sites that had been previously delineated using other methods. After the Ohio EPA delineated protection areas using AEMs, more simplistic delineation methods used by other states (volumetric equation and arbitrary fixed radii) were applied to the same water systems to compare the differences between various methods. GIS software and two-tailed paired t-tests were used to quantify the differences in protection areas and analyze the data. The results of this analysis demonstrate that AEMs typically produce significantly different protection areas than the most simplistic delineation methods, in terms of total area and shape. If the volumetric equation had been used instead of AEMs, Ohio would not have protected 265 km2 of critical upgradient area and would have overprotected 269 km2 of primarily downgradient land. Since an increasing number of land-use restrictions are being tied to drinking water protection areas, this analysis has broad policy implications.     

Water status in winter wheat grown under salt stress

1 IntroductionSalinization is one of the major problems in arid and semi-arid regions in relation to land use and in particular to agricultural production[1]. Excessive salinity leads to toxicity in crops and reduction of the availability of water to crops, by reducing the osmotic potential of the soil solution[2]. Movement of soil water induces solute transport, and solutes are transferred towards the ground surface by the upward soil-water movement caused by evaporation, resulting in an accu…     

山东苍山5．2级地震前十里泉电厂井的水汞异常

山东苍山５．２级地震前十里泉电厂井的水汞异常马志峰，李金波（山东省枣庄市地震办公室，山东枣庄２７７１０１）１９９５年９月２０日１１时１４分，山东苍山沂堂（３４°５８′Ｎ，１１８°０６′Ｅ）发生Ｍｓ５．２级地震。这是继１９８３年１１月７日菏泽５．９级地     

爱琴地区新构造正断层带的构造非均匀性

一、引言 本文是对爱琴张性构造区新构造正断层带为期五年的野外调查结果所作的综台与分析(图1)．着重介绍爱琴地区的三个地带．(1)希腊大陆的科林斯地区(图1a)．(2)西土耳其的伊密兹尔地区(图1b)．(3)柯雷特的中部及西部(图1c)．在这三个地带正断层使中生代碳酸岩同第四纪沉积物直接相接，