The amphipod Talitrus saltator as a bioindicator of human trampling on sandy beaches

The present paper assesses the use of the supralittoral amphipod Talitrus saltator as a bioindicator of the effects of human trampling on the supralittoral sandy band. Samplings in delimited areas were carried out at sites subjected to different human impact. The results showed a strong negative correlation between the number of swimmers and the sandhopper population density, while there was no clear relationship between sandhopper abundance and the other factors considered: granulometry, compactness and organic carbon content of the sand, and trace metal contents in the sand and sandhoppers. A field test of trampling conducted in a confined space showed its direct negative effect on sandhopper survival. However, trace metal analysis confirmed the ability of T. saltator to bioaccumulate some elements (Hg, Zn, Cu, Cd). Our study demonstrates that T. saltator is a good bioindicator of human impact in the supralittoral zone of sandy shores.     

Analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments of Red Sea of Yemen

A field work has been carried out to identify the occurrence of oil and oil products pollution in mangrove sediment from Red Sea of Yemen. The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons is from 700ng/g at Kamaran Island station to 400 ng/g at Al-Hodiedah station, and the total organic carbon （TOC） in samples ranges from 0. 07% at Dhubab station to 0. 03% at Kamaran Island station. This pollution is as a result of localized oil pollution and/or heavy ship traffic in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.     

New observations and transit solutions of the inflated exoplanets HAT-P-40b and HAT-P-51b

We present high-precision photometric observations of the transiting exoplanets HAT-P-40 b and HAT-P-51 b by the Rozhen 2-m telescope.The newly-observed transit of HAT-P-40 b is the first one with a complete curve.The orbital periods of the two targets were improved.We modeled the observed transits and found bigger stellar radii than those derived from the stellar models.The planet radii of HATP-40 b and HAT-P-51 b obtained from our transit solutions are bigger than the values calculated by the empirical relations for Jupiter-mass and Saturn-mass planets respectively.Their values reveal the highlyinflated nature of the two targets,especially that of HAT-P-51 b.We established that the best transit solutions correspond to a quadratic limb-darkening law.The fitted limb-darkening coefficients of HAT-P-40 are close to the theoretical ones while those of HAT-P-51 are a little different.The precise astrometric Gaia distances of the two targets are smaller by 6%–7%than the calculated values from the stellar models.We propose the Gaia distances to be used for improvement of the stellar models as well as for more reliable calculation of the parameters of the known exoplanets.     

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Late Ediacaran Rare-metalAlbite Granites of the Arabian-Nubian Shield

The Abu Dabbab albite granite(ADAG), in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt, hosts the most significant rare metal ore deposit in the northern part of the Neoproterozoic Arabian-Nubian Shield. Here, we report detailed field,petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical investigation of the ADAG, an isolated stock-like granitic body with sharp intrusive contacts against metamorphic country rocks, probably emplaced at about 600 Ma. The fine-grained porphyritic upper unit is a preserved remnant of the shallowly-emplaced apex of the magma chamber, whereas the medium-grained lower unit crystallized at deeper levels under subvolcanic conditions. The peraluminous leucocratic ADAG shares common geochemical characteristics with post-collisional intraplate A-type magmas. In addition to the conspicuous enrichment in Na2 O, the ADAG is remarkable for its anomalous concentrations of Ta, Nb, Li, Hf, Ga, Sn, Zn and heavy rare-earth elements. Nb-Ta minerals in the ADAG are mixed with Fe-Mn oxides, forming black patches that increase in abundance toward of the base of the intrusion. Columbite-tantalite, cassiterite and wolframite are the most important ore minerals.Pronounced negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu* = 0.10–0.24) reflect extreme magmatic fractionation and perhaps the effects of late fluid-rock interaction. The ADAG was most likely generated by partial melting of the juvenile middle crust of the ANS as the geotherm was elevated by erosional uplift following lithospheric delamination and it was emplaced at the intersection of lineations of structural weakness. Although formation of the ADAG and its primary enrichment in rare metals are essentially due to magmatic processes, late-stage metasomatism caused limited redistribution of rare metals. Fluid-driven subsolidus modification was limited to the apex of the magma chamber and drove development of greisen, amazonite, and quartz veins along fracture systems.     

太古代和元古代科马提岩的野外地质特征和岩石学

引言虽然现在已知有些早已描述过的超基性岩是喷出成因的(例如,Naldrett & Mason, 1968),但对超基性熔岩的认识和首先作明确描述的应归功于Viljoen & Viljoen(1969),他们认为南非巴伯顿山地绿岩带中的许多超基性岩单位是火山成因的。他们建议把包括这些超基性熔岩以及有关的基性火山岩和超基性岩墙和岩床的一套岩石称为科马提岩(Komatiite)。作为喷出证据,他们描述了冷却的岩流顶部构造、     

硫化物饱和的和硫化物未饱合的科马提岩熔融体的化学和热力模拟

科马提岩熔融体的化学的和热力的模拟试验进行了我们对卡姆巴尔达型镍矿床成因的认识。化学模拟的价值明显地受工程使用资料的质量的限制。现有的模式是以Rajamani和Naldrett(1978)提出的镍分配系数的实验测定为根据的。这些系数是在1200℃和1300℃间温度的玄武岩熔融体在未知S及O逸度条件下测定的。如果把这些资料用于模拟科马提熔融体的分馏,就可外推更多超镁铁质成分和超过1500℃温度条件下的结果。     

欧亚黄土中古地磁极性界线的地层学解释

本文以欧亚黄土中记录的布容一松山极性倒转界线为例,简要回顾近年来对黄土中 古地磁极性界线地层学解释的讨论。研究表明,由于在记录古地磁极性转换时存在不同程度 的“错位”,黄土中所测的极性界线的年代地层意义存在很大的不确定性。就中国黄土而言,第 8层黄土（L8）中下部或第8层古土壤（S8）顶部测得的布容-松山界线系“错位”的产物,该层位 的年龄应老于 0.79MaB.P.对黄土中测得的Cobb Mountain极性事件界线进行地层学解释, 推论蓝田猿人化石层位的年龄1.2MaB.P.     

SUBDIVISIONS OF THE JURASSIC, CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY COAL-BEARING STRATA OF RUSSIAN MARITIME AND AMUR PROVINCES, AND OF SAKHALIN ISLAND

As is well known, the first information on the coal-bearing strata of the Russian Far East and their characteristic fossil flora was given by the acadeinician Prof. Schmidt (2), and his fellow-traveller Glehn (13), to Lopatin, Bogoluibsky (9), A. Koeppen (26) and others. However the     

汉诺坝玄武岩及大同火山群的岩石学和同位素地球化学

利用主元素、造岩矿物、REE及Sr、Nd、Pb同位素资料,对汉诺坝玄武岩和大同火山群的岩石学、地球化学、地幔源区特征、岩浆的分异和演化、玄武岩岩浆活动的构造条件进行了讨论。