印度西南海岸Kannur区红树林沉积物的水动力反应

对Ｋａｎｎｕｒ红树林的地表和岩心沉积物的粒度特征和统计参数做过研究。向陆地带、中间过渡带和浅水剖面的砂、泥含量几乎为常量。地表沉积物平均粒度变化范围在１．８３和５．５６之间,岩心沉积物的变化范围在２．３和５．５６之间。沉积物普遍分选差至极差、...     

全球石油资源估计及对21世纪石油产量的预测

将地球沉积盖层作为统一的系统,对全球常规可采石油资源进行概率估计,并对21世纪末之前的全球石油产量进行预测。结果表明全球石油产量最有可能在2020—2030年间达到高峰,每年42～47亿吨。届时主要的产区将在波斯湾、西西伯利亚和东西伯利亚,上游部门的注意力将转向北极陆架。至少到2040年前,年产量将维持在42—45亿吨水平。     

西北非陆缘的大规模块体坡移：被动陆缘块体坡移的一般推论

西北非海域的陆缘地貌因受到顺陆坡而下和平行于陆坡两个方向沉积物运移作用的相互影响而有很大改变。在几个航次的调查中,通过地球物理、沉积学和地球化学方法,对位于12°～26°N之间的塞内加尔和毛利塔尼亚海域的沉积物运移作用进行了调查。测深和高分辨率地震资料被用于研究再沉积的延伸范围以及内部结构。根据这些测量结果进行了沉积物取芯,并进行了沉积学和地球化学分析。     

南极Scotia海Dove山脉形成的火山作用及其岩石学、地球化学和构造环境

本研究对来自DOVE盆地（Scotia海南部）中部火山山脊的拖网样品进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学分析,辅以K—Ar年代学分析。研究区水深2000～3000m,地理坐标范围为59°21～23′S和42°27～31′w。本研究的目的在于,通过比较研究区火成岩和形成Scotia、Antartic—Phoenix洋中脊及南设得兰群岛的火山岩之间的地球化学特征和同位素特征,厘定研究区岩浆形成的地球动力学背景以及岩浆作用的绝对年龄。     

放炎方治疗放射性肺炎21例临床观察

目的：观察放炎方治疗放射性肺炎的临床疗效。方法：将21例放射性肺炎患者予以放炎方治疗,观察患者的症状改善情况及综合疗效。结果：综合疗效的总有效率达85.7%,其中痊愈率达42.9%,平均服药时间53.7d,服药时间与疾病严重程度成正相关。症状平均积分治疗前为（4.14±2.59）分,治疗后为（1.67±1.68）分,治疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,临床症状改善有效率达90.5%。结论：放炎方对放射性肺炎有较好临床疗效,可以促进炎症吸收,改善患者临床症状。     

Modelling of sediment movement in the surf and swash zones

Under the action of marine currents, non-cohesive sediments evolve by bed-load, by saltation or suspension depending on their granulometry. Several authors have considered that the movement of sediment...     

Does sediment grain size affect diatom grazing by harpacticoid copepods?

Estuarine soft sediments support a diverse group of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms though the role of the sediment per se for the functioning of these organisms remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to test the effect of sediment grain size on the grazing activities of harpacticoid copepods. In controlled experiments, two common intertidal harpacticoid species (Paramphiascella fulvofasciata and Nitokra spinipes) were each offered a mix of two benthic diatom species (Navicula phyllepta and Seminavis robusta) in different sedimentary conditions. Several microcosms were created using a variety of sediment types, including fine silt (<63 microm), coarser grained sands (125-250, 250-450, 100-300 microm), artificial 'sediments' of glass beads (250-500, 2000 microm) and even the absence of sediment was tested. The diatoms were enriched in the stable carbon (13)C to facilitate tracing in the harpacticoids. Both copepod species were able to graze on the diatoms with highest uptake when sediment was absent. In contrast, both harpacticoid species showed no uptake in silty conditions. In general, grazing was favoured when mean sediment grain size increased. The strong negative effect of fine grains on the grazer's efficiency can be explained by the resulting differences in the structure (and accessibility) of the diatom biofilm on the one hand and the mobility of the grazer on the other hand. In view of the subtle equilibrium between primary producers and grazers, these results might have important implications for the effect of siltation of tidal flats due to, e.g., human activities.     

Lead contamination of small cetaceans in European waters--the use of stable isotopes for identifying the sources of lead exposure

Lead concentrations and isotopic composition have been measured in bone and teeth of small cetaceans belonging to three species (Delphinus delphis, Phocoena phocoena and Stenella coeruleoalba), to evaluate the toxicological risk and to determine sources of lead in the European waters. Lead concentrations, far lower than threshold value inducing toxic effects in human, were higher in teeth than in bones, but highly correlated between the two tissues (r=0.92, p<0.001). Large variations of 206Pb/207Pb values in bone tissue showed that cetaceans must be submitted to various atmospheric influences. No geographical differences appeared which is consistent with studies on their distribution indicating seasonal movements between Brittany waters and the Bay of Biscay. The negative correlation between 206Pb/207Pb ratios and age of the individuals reflected the decrease in the production of alkyl lead in Europe, i.e., the increasing use of unleaded gasoline.     

美国国家大地测量局的检定基线方案

<正> 50年代早期出现的电子测距仪为测量事业带来了前所未有的速度和精度。然而,伴随此种新的测量方法而俱来的有仪器检定和规格化的过程,因为观测结果受到(变化的)气象状况和必需经常测定的种种仪器误差的影响。为此,对于测量界来说,应有测定仪器性能变化的一种方便和可靠的方法。检定基线则可为广大用户提供检定手段。检定基线(CBL)是精密测定的直线距