MASINGA RESERVOIR IN KENYA：SEDIMENT DISCHARGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ITS CAPACITY

ＭＡＳＩＮＧＡＲＥＳＥＲＶＯＩＲＩＮＫＥＮＹＡ：ＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＤＩＳＣＨＡＲＧＥＡＮＤＩＭＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＳＦＯＲＩＴＳＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＹ￥Ｆ．Ａ．Ｏ．Ｏｔｉｅｎｏ（ＳｅｎｉｏｒＬｅｃｔｕｒｅｒｉｎＣｉｖｉｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉ...     

Investigation on the Load/Unload Response Ratio With Coda Q-1 as Response

The load/unload response ratio YQ with the geophysical parameter coda Q-1 of the crust as response is denned in this study.The variation in YQ-1 before and after the Northridge earthquake of January 17,1994(California)has been investigated by using the data of coda Q-1 with frequencies of 1.5,3.0,6.0,12.0,and 24.0 Hz in the Southern California from 1987 to 1994.It can be found that YQ-1 for coda waves with all frequencies,the frequency of 12.0 Hz excluded,ascended to a certain extent prior to the occurrence of the rnainshock and returned to normality after the main shock.     

REMARKS ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF ACTA METEOROLOGICA SINICA

It is hard to believe that Acta Meteorologica Sinica is celebrating its tenth brithday.Itseems like just a few months ago that AMS was formed and I was asked to serve as a foreignmember of the AMS Editorial Committee.But,indeed it has been ten years and it has been a     

等值线模拟的理论、应用与展望

等值线模拟的理论、应用与展望Ｂ．Ａ．当今，人们特别是研究自然资源，解决人与自然环境相互作ｍ的综合地理问题的地理学家，对等值线地图的兴趣是无可置疑的。等值线模型具有良好的直观性、一览性、信息量大、符号负载量小等特点。在现代科学技术条件下，根据等值线地图...     

POSSIBLE SOLAR INFLUENCE ON ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRIC FIELD

A physical hypothesis for the electrical coupling of the troposphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere has been proposed. It is shown that the vertical mass exchange takes place in the troposphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere by the gravity wave feedback mechanism through a chain of eddy systems. The vertical mass exchange gives rise to a vertical aerosol current which is responsible for the generation and maintenance of atmospheric electric field and also the variations in the H-component of the geomagnetic field. Any perturbation in the troposphere would be transmitted to ionosphere and vice versa. A global perturbation in ionosphere, as the one caused by solar variability, is transmitted to troposphere influencing weather systems/geomagnetic/atmospheric electrification processes.The theory relating to the above physical mechanism is discussed. Also, results of analysis of atmospheric electrical field data for Colaba, Bombay (8°53' 56" N, 72° 48' 54" E, 9.8 m ASL) and solar activity indices (Ap index,     

单站短期降水预报

这种方案有价值的特征之一是,一有所选站点的观测值,马上就可以作出预报。不象数值动力天气预报漠式那样需要3个多小时去收集和分析数据,把模式置于初始状态,然后才能作出预报。此外,象 MOS 一类可用的统计方法也需要首先完成数值天气预报模式。人们已经指出,马尔柯夫(MarKov)模式可以作为使用少量现有资料而迅速得到     

极地气象科学计划及将来的任务

本文简要地叙述了极地气候和通常笼统称为极地气象学研究的特征。列出了与极地气象委员会(ICPM)一起对南北极感兴趣的组织,并对他们的活动作了简要的描述。确定了当前研究的主要领域为极地的海-冰-大气相互作用、冰盖上地面风的季节变化特征、天气与动力气象学和气候学的研究、大气化学和大气成分、云和古气候。在此基础上,给出了极地气象学将来的主要任务。     

平均时间对速度方差的影响

根据一些最新的谱模式,提出了垂直速度方差、侧向速度方差与平均时间之间的一些关系式。有一些观测结果与这些模式很相符。通行的标准偏差0.2幂律仅对不稳定状态下的侧向速度有效,特别是对于较短的平均时间。当时间大于5分钟左右时,除风很小、边界层较厚外,变化就较缓慢了。在中性或弱稳定情况下,当平均时间从5分钟变至16分钟,标准偏差随之的变化非常缓慢,以至对于实际应用来说,可忽略不计。对于垂直速度脉动来说一般也是如此。     

不同初值对台风路径预报的影响

统计及数值模式客观预报已作为当今发布要素预报的重要参考依据,而制作客观预报的基础是初始资料及初始场的分析。气象场的客观分析方法有很多种,主要的有多项式插值法、遂次订正法、变分技术法、特征函数展开法,和统计插值法等。对于客观分析结果的一些特征近年来曾有过不少的研究。例如,对于美国国家气象中心的Hough函数业务客观分析(特征函数展开法的一种)的研究发