赤道西太平洋强东风带特征及其形成机制的诊断分析

利用１９９３年ＥＮＳＯ事件（４月）爆发前酝酿阶段，ＴＯＧＡ／ＣＯＡＲＥ关键区强化期（１９９２年１１月－１９９３年２月）立体观测实验“向阳红五号”科学考察船定点（１５５°Ｅ，２°Ｓ）高空大气探测资料，分析了西太平洋暖海域上空对流上升区西侧风的垂直变化，指出：对流层上、下部各有一强风带，随着海－气ＥＮＳＯ异常的发展，高空强东风带和低空强西风带均呈增强趋势，最强时分别连续１４天和１８天达到急流标准，占相     

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHRIMP RESOURCES IN THE HUANGHAI AND BOHAI SEAS AND SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ABNORMALITY

In this paper the relationship between the variation of shrimp resources (which is sensitive to the sea temperature of the Huanghai and Bohai Seas) and the equatorial sea surface temperature is analysed, the results obtained showing high correlation between the two. Therefore, a new approach to studying long-term variational law of fishery resources and forecasting method is made through large-scale air-sea interaction.     

全球越赤道气流基本特征

本文主要利用1973～1989年逐月全球热带200hPa及850hPa层经、纬向格点风及1980年以来1000,850,700,500,200,100,50hPa各层经纬向格点风,确定了热带对流层高、低(200,850hPa)层具有气候意义的越赤道气流通道,并分析了各越赤道气流通道强度的时、空变化特征。指出东半球比西半球越赤道气流强且稳定,季节变化也较明显。文章还指出,低层东半球向夏半球输送,高层夏半球向冬半球输送,且高、低层各相应通道强度变化趋势基本一致。高层与低层相比较,低层通道强且稳定,季节变化规律也较明显。文章还讨论了越赤道气流与大气环流系统的密切关系,指出各通道强度的年际变化是南、北两半球大尺度海-气相互作用的重要组成部分,是全球大气环流异常变化的重要信息。     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE KUROSHIO AND SST OF THE EASTERN PACIFIC, AND ITS EFFECT ON PRECIPITATION OF QINGDAO

This paper analyses the sea surface temperature (SST) of the eastern Pacific Ocean, the Kuroshio in the East China Sea, the subtropical high pressure of the Pacific Ocean and the precipitation for rainy season of Qingdao. We obtain a result that if this year the eastern Pacific Equatorial Zone is a warm-water year, the Kuroshio path in the East China Sea for next year will be subject to oscillation westward. The SST of the eastern Pacific Ocean may predict precipitation for rainy season of Qingdao one year earlier than that of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea.     

人类活动对气候影响研讨会在北京召开

人类活动对气候的影响研讨会于1988年12月13—16日在北京召开。中国科学院、国家教委、水电部、国家气象局、国家海洋局、国家环保局等单位共20余名代表出席会议。会议交流学术报告18篇。中国科学院特别顾问、学部委员叶笃正教授和北京大学谢义炳教授也作了重要学术报告。会议期间科学家们通过学术交流和讨论,一致认为由于工农业燃煤及各种燃料,不     

非埃尔—尼诺时期热带海洋对大气环流的影响

本文通过对热带海洋非埃尔-尼诺时期海温场的一种重要分布形式——海温场EOF展开第一特征向量场与高低空大气的相关分析和谱分析发现,该类海温分布典型场不仅对高空大气的起伏振荡有重要影响。而且与低空大气的涛动现象关系密切,其变化领先于低纬涛动现象4～5个月,可能是低纬涛动现象的启动因子。     

AN ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUATORIAL WESTERLIES

The real-time data of the high level atmosphere obtained by the R/V Xiangyanghong No.5 involved in the international TOGA-COARE project at 2°S, 155°E and at fixed real time of 05, 11, 19 and 23 h GMT each day from Nov. 5, 1992 to Feb. 18, 1993 are used to analyze diagnostically the vertical structure of wind and humidity over the central area of the warm pool. The results show that (1) the lowfrequency oscillation of the equatorial westerlies (i. e. reconstruction-development-decline) is closely related to the vigour and interruption of the Asian-Australian monsoon (including air flow across the equator caused by East Asia cold wave), (2) the variabilities of the vertical structure of wind and humidity, and the processes of precipitation and gale weather in the troposphere of the warm pool area are closely related to the intensity of the equatorial westerlies, and (3) there are strong wind belts over the high and low level atmosphere in the western equatorial Pacific at the inception of the ENSO event, and jet flow at the high and low level atmosphere during the equatorial westerly burst.