根据月平均气温、月降水量推算蒸散量

因为从月平均气温、月平均降水量推算蒸散量的桑斯威特(Thornth-waite)公式适用范围比较小,假定降水量、蒸散量和最大水汽压成比例,可以求得适用于更大范围的经验公式。为了检验这些经验公式的精度,把从这些公式计算的蒸散量,P-E比与实测的蒸散量,气候状况等进行比较。     

内蒙古塔尔气地区花岗斑岩的形成时代与岩石成因

通过对内蒙古塔尔气地区花岗斑岩的野外地质特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征的研究,讨论了该地区花岗斑岩的形成时代和成因机制。锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学结果表明,塔尔气地区花岗斑岩形成于早白垩世136.5~126.4Ma;花岗斑岩具有高硅、富碱,弱过铝质(A/CNK=1.0~1.29),分异程度高的特点,属于高钾钙碱性系列,相对富集轻稀土元素和部分大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、U、K),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti、P)。锆石Hf同位素组成表明,花岗斑岩具有较高的εHf(t)值(+7.19~+7.29),二阶段模式年龄为851~569Ma,暗示其可能起源于新元古代—早古生代期间从亏损地幔增生的地壳物质的部分熔融。结合区域地质资料分析,塔尔气花岗斑岩与研究区白音高老组火山岩可能为同期岩浆活动的产物,形成于伸展的构造环境。     

羌塘地体南缘改则格列戈阿尔辉长岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及地质意义

改则格列戈阿尔辉长岩侵入于羌塘地体南缘木嘎岗日群,为研究班公湖—怒江缝合带在改则地区的演化提供新的强有力的约束。本文对辉长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,结果显示格列戈阿尔辉长岩锆石UPb年龄加权平均值为122.9±1.6Ma,表明该辉长岩体形成时代为早白垩世中晚期。岩石地球化学研究表明,该区早白垩世辉长岩具有高Al_2O_3(15.39%~16.83%)、低Ti O_2(0.78%~0.92%)、贫P2O5(0.09%~0.17%)和低碱(Na_2O+K_2O=3.93%~4.41%)的特点。稀土元素总量(ΣREE)为63.37×10-6~73.76×10-6,平均为68.84×10-6,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,(La/Yb)N介于2.43~3.09之间,δEu=0.89~1.03,表现弱的负铕异常,具有明显的轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损特征。岩石微量元素总体上富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Ba、Th、U等,显著亏损高场强元素(HFES)Nb、Ta、P、Ti等,Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf比值接近或略低于原始地幔组成。根据地球化学特征和微量元素构造判别图结果表明,该辉长岩源区为被俯冲改造的岩石圈地幔源岩浆,岩浆在演化过程中遭受了上地壳物质的同化混染,并经历一定程度的结晶分异作用。格列戈阿尔辉长岩形成于班公湖—怒江洋向北俯冲构造环境下的岛弧环境,表明至少在122.9±1.6Ma期间班公—怒江洋盆正在向北俯冲。结合区域资料,研究区班公—怒江洋盆闭合时间应介于110~85Ma之间。     

A THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA OF TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RELATION TO THE ONSET OF THE SUMMER MONSOON

Multiple equilibria and their stability in tropical atmosphere are investigated through β-plane barotropic models with consideration of heating and dissipation. We have derived the solutions of the model equations corresponding to the multiple equilibria or the steady flows first, and then establish the criteria for the stability of steady flow by use of the Liapunov direct Method. When these criteria are applied to the solutions of equilibria obtained, stable flows, which are closely related to the different patterns of quasi-stationary circulation in the tropical region, are found. The configurations of these stable flows and the shift between two of them as season changes provide quite reasonable explanations to many fundamental problems of tropical circulation features such as the catastrophe mechanism of the onset and the break-active cycle of the Asian summer monsoon. It follows that the onset or the abrupt transition of the Asian summer monsoon could be attributed to the multiple equilibrium property of the tropical circulation resulted from the advective nonlinearity, which provide another explanation among others.     

Mining seismicity, gas outburst and the significance of their relationship in the study of physics of earthquake source

This paper presents an overview of mining seismicity, gas outburst and their origin. The internal relation of mining seismicity and gas outburst in the dynamic process is studied on the basis of the fact that these disasters sometimes occur simultaneously. The examples show a close relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst in high gassy coal mines. It is proposed that strong mine shocks plus the response of low value and delay time are early warning signals. The mechanism of the relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst is analyzed by using the location of mining shocks, focus mechanism, cause of mining shocks and conditions of gas outburst. The trigger action of gas fluid on mining shocks, especially the effect of the anomalous property of supercritical fluid on the preparation and occurrence of mining shocks is discussed. According to the similarity between min-ing-induced earthquakes and tectonic earthquakes in terms of mechanism, the significance of the above results in the study of physics of earthquake source is also discussed.     

国内首台用海流发电的水下风车研制成功

浙江大学研制的国内第一台新型海流能源利用装置——“水下风车”模型样机近日在舟山地区岱山县进行了海流试验并发电成功。据“水下风车”研制人之一的浙大机械与能源学院教授李伟介绍,这种利用海流能量的水下发电装置是一种新型能源机械及控制系统,本世纪初才开始在国际范围内被研究。这台“水下风     

关于印发《国土资源部科技创新审查实施办法（试行）》的通知 国土资发[2006]199号

第一条 为贯彻国土资源部科学技术大会精神,全面实施"科技兴地"战略,切实做好各类专项科技创新审查的实施工作,促进管理的规范化和制度化,特制定本办法.     

基于ArcGIS的青藏高原生态地质环境遥感监测系统

青藏高原生态地质环境监测系统以ArcG IS为支撑平台,采用C/S和B/S混合模式,在空间地理基础上建立了青藏高原现代冰川雪线、河流湖泊、地质灾害、荒漠化、地质构造等多专业、多层面、多功能的生态地质环境遥感监测系统。本文重点介绍了系统功能及相关开发技术。     

苏北盆地古近纪构造－层序岩相古地理特征与演化

以板块构造学和层序地层学理论为指导思想，把苏北盆地古近纪划分为3个构造-层序，分别为古新世（TS1）、始新世（TS2）和渐新世（TS3）构造-层序。在此基础上，以构造-层序界面和最大洪泛面为界，以湖盆扩张体系域和湖盆收缩体系域为编图单元．编制了苏北盆地古近纪各地质时期的构造-层序岩相古地理图，探讨了各构造-层序岩相古地理特征及演化．为该地区油气勘探有利区块的预测和评价提供了更为可靠的依据。