处理垃圾的有效途径

处理垃圾的有效途径周尚忠，顼丽俊，张月香（大同市环境监测站）垃圾是人类生产、生活活动中必然产生的废弃物，如果长期不能合理处置，就会恶性循环，影响市容市貌和市民的身心健康，成为许多城市共存的一个重要的社会问题。处理垃圾主要是由收集、运送、处置这三步组成...     

环境质量评价数学模型述评

环境质量评价数学模型的研究,国际上开始于六十年代,我国从七十年代开始,近年来发展很快。本文就国内外环境质量评价中,几种主要数学模型,谈几点粗浅看法和在实际工作中的体会。     

龙口平均海平面变化原因的研究

利用实测潮汐资料的对比分析及水准测量结果，证明龙口海平面上升是由于码头扩建而引起的。     

Analysis of Wave Directional Spreading by Bayesian Parameter Estimation

A spatial array of wave gauges installed on an observatoion platform has been designed and arranged to measure the lo-cal features of winter monsoon directional waves off Taishi coast of Taiwan. A new method, named the Bayesian Parameter Estimation Method(BPEM) , is developed and adopted to determine the main direction and the directional spreading parame-ter of directional spectra. The BPEM could be considered as a regression analysis to find the maximum joint probability of parameters, which best approximates the observed data from the Bayesian viewpoint. The result of the analysis of field wave data demonstrates the highly dependency of the characteristics of normalized directional spreading on the wave age. The Mit-suyasu type empirical formula of directional spectrum is therefore modified to be representative of monsoon wave field. More-over, it is suggested that Smax could be expressed as a function of wave steepness. The values of Smax decrease with increas-ing steepness. Finally, a local directi     

青海省降水自记纸数字化产品分析与应用

本文对青海省6个国家基本(基准)气象站降水自记纸数字化处理产品数据集进行了介绍,采用雨量筒与自记日降水量差值对比方法对数字化产品的质量进行了检验分析。并应用新的数据产品简要分析了青海省暴雨的等级特征、暴雨的时间变化特征和两次暴雨过程的个例分析。     

利用vb实现Excel格式的气象电子报表

以地面气象年报数据文件（Y文件）为例，简单介绍如何通过Visual Basic编程操纵Excel对象，将文本格式的地面气象资料信息化文件转换成Excel电子表格格式的气象电子报表。     

基于民用移动通信网为主的混合型遥测雨量系统设计

作为气象预报、水文监测、环境监测的重要辅助工具雨量计,在近几年得到了较快的发展,功能已经从人工抄写,自动定时采集发展到可随时动态测量,其应用范围得到了很大的扩展。新的雨量计系统正逐步进入更多领域,如大量的点雨量站能很好地修正雷达测量降水的精度,从而得到精确的面雨量数据。提供的瞬时雨强、累积雨量和降水变化趋势数据对水文管理和防洪减灾起着重要的保障作用。借助高效的数据库管理方式,可及时、全面地了解各地的自然降水和人工作业后的雨水分布情况,从而方便地统计出人工影响天气的作业效果,进而做出最佳作业部署和决策,形成…     

Multi-year Simulations and Experimental Seasonal Predictions for Rainy Seasons in China by Using a Nested Regional Climate Model （RegCM_NCC）. Part Ⅰ： Sensitivity Study

A modified version of the NCAR/RegCM2 has been developed at the National Climate Center （NCC）, China Meteorological Administration, through a series of sensitivity experiments and multi-year simulations and hindcasts, with a special emphasis on the adequate choice of physical parameterization schemes suitable for the East Asian monsoon climate. This regional climate model is nested with the NCC/IAP （Institute of Atmospheric Physics） T63 coupled GCM to make an experimental seasonal prediction for China and East Asia. The four-year （2001 to 2004） prediction results are encouraging. This paper is the first part of a two-part paper, and it mainly describes the sensitivity study of the physical process paraxneterization represented in the model. The systematic errors produced by the different physical parameterization schemes such as the land surface processes, convective precipitation, cloud-radiation transfer process, boundary layer process and large-scale terrain features have been identified based on multi-year and extreme flooding event simulations. A number of comparative experiments has shown that the mass flux scheme （MFS） and Betts-Miller scheme （BM） for convective precipitation, the LPMI （land surface process model I） and LPMII （land surface process model Ⅱ） for the land surface process, the CCM3 radiation transfer scheme for cloud-radiation transfer processes, the TKE （turbulent kinetic energy） scheme for the boundary layer processes and the topography treatment schemes for the Tibetan Plateau are suitable for simulations and prediction of the East Asia monsoon climate in rainy seasons. Based on the above sensitivity study, a modified version of the RegCM2 （RegCM_NCC） has been set up for climate simulations and seasonal predictions.