陶板幕墙抗震性能振动台试验研究

通过钢框架外挂足尺陶板幕墙模型的振动台实验,研究了陶板幕墙的抗震性能。实验中分别输入El-Centro地震波、人工波及0.5～50Hz的白噪声波。实验结果表明,最大层间位移角为1/237,表明陶板幕墙系统具有良好的抗震性能,符合抗震设计要求。实验过程中,输入同样加速度的El-Centro地震波、人工波后便输入白噪声波,以检测结构自振频率的变化,最后拟合出频率变化曲线,发现当地震加速度达到300Gal以后,结构自振频率基本不再变化。     

花岗岩潜山储层裂缝建模表征方法——以渤海花岗岩潜山A油田为例

花岗岩潜山油气藏在世界范围内并不多见,当前对其表征还未形成系统完善的研究方法;同时,由于储层受风化、构造多种作用改造,导致储层内部孔、缝、洞并存,具有极强的非均质性,对其表征存在一定的难度。为此本文以渤海大型花岗岩潜山A油田为例,提出了一套花岗岩潜山储层建模表征方法。首先从成因分析入手,引入地貌学分析方法,通过地貌演化特征分析,确定裂缝发育主控因素,在此基础上建立不同成因的裂缝分布趋势体。其次,以井点统计的裂缝特征参数为先验信息,以裂缝分布趋势体为平面约束,建立DFN模型,并对其进行“等效”得到裂缝属性模型。最后,采用动静态资料对裂缝属性模型进行优选,严格控制模型质量,最终得到符合地质认识的裂缝模型。     

海洋物探技术在海南岛西南陆架灾害地质调查中的应用

随着勘探技术的发展和海洋油气勘探开发工作的不断进行,对海底尤其是陆架地区灾害地质情况调查势在必行。本文介绍了以海南岛西南陆架区域为研究区,利用海洋物探技术对海底灾害地质做的调查和研究。     

四川天府新区交通服务均等化分析

以RS和GIS技术为支撑,基于四川省第一次全国地理国情普查成果数据、高分辨率遥感影像和基础测绘成果数据,结合路网密度指数、空间覆盖度和交通通达性等指标以及相关规划资料,利用影像解译、外业核查和地学统计等方法对四川天府新区交通服务水平进行了分析评价。结果表明,天府新区交通网格局基本成型,综合交通运输体系初步建立,交通设施配置水平显著提高,道路通达性发展态势良好,但交通服务均等化效果不理想,整体呈现区位差异,城乡发展差距较明显。     

基于地理国情普查的四川天府新区交通通达性分析

以RS和GIS技术为支撑,基于四川省第一次全国地理国情普查成果数据、高分辨率遥感影像和基础测绘成果数据,辅以影像解译、外业核查和地学统计等方法,并结合路网密度指数、最短时间距离模型和最短空间距离模型以及相关规划资料,对四川天府新区交通网络格局及其通达水平进行了分析评价。结果表明:天府新区交通网格局基本成型,综合交通运输体系初步形成;整体道路通达性发展态势良好,以各重要基础设施为中心呈现出沿道路环状向外扩散的分布特征,其中新区北部、西北部和中部发展较快的城市区域交通通达性较高,东部偏远地区相对较低。     

一种改进的地形三维建模方法

在利用逐点插入法建立Delaunay三角网的基础上,为快速搜索插入点所落入的三角形,引入了一种改进的空间栅格索引机制,并充分利用三角形的邻接关系进行三角形检索.提出了一种由三角形出发内插规则格网数字高程模型(DEM)的方法.试验表明,所提出的构建Delaunay三角网和内插格网DEM算法的效率较高.     

地图上字线粘连符号的分割方法

把地图上的粘连现象分成字线相交和字线相切这两种情况,提出一种新的基于线划转折度和距离变换的字线粘连分割方法,实验效果较好,效率较高。     

煤田地质勘探钻孔瓦斯突出危险性评价

基于灰色关联分析法和模糊综合评判理论,综合考虑煤体结构、瓦斯压力和含量、地质构造、煤层埋深以及煤厚等因素,利用勘探钻孔所测瓦斯资料,建立了勘探钻孔煤层瓦斯突出危险性评价模型,并以重庆松藻矿区为例,对矿区勘探钻孔附近煤层瓦斯突出危险性进行了评价。结果表明:模型评判结果与矿井实际生产揭露情况一致,评判结果可靠。该模型避免了以往勘探阶段仅利用单项指标或简单综合指标进行突出危险评价的不足,使评价指标更全面,评判结果更可靠。      

新疆克拉玛依市生态敏感性研究(英文)

Karamay City is a typical mining city, relying on oilfield exploration and development. After 60 years of construction and development, Karamay has become the first large oilfield and an important base of the national petroleum and petrochemical industry in China. Based on spatial analysis, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) grid computing and overlay techniques, whilst considering the effect of oilfield development and aimed at the ecological problems of Karamay City in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, we conducted research on the spatial characteristics of the comprehensive ecological sensitivity of Karamay. The ecological problems of natural environment evolution include soil erosion, land deserti-fication, soil salinization, and biodiversity reduction. The most significant disturbance factor from the activities of humans in this area is oilfield exploitation. This study carries out an analysis of single factor ecological problem sensitivity and integrated ecological sensitivity. The results of the research are as follows: (1) Soil erosion is relatively sensitive, especially in Karamay district, Dushanzi district, north of Urho district and west of Baijiantan district, which is mainly a result of the vertical dropping slopes, serious rainfall erosion and the distribution of scattered woodland. (2) The main types of land desertification are represented by high and moderate grade sensitivities, and high and extremely high sensitive areas are distributed in the intersection of Karamay and Baijiantan districts. This is due to evaporation exceeding rainfall in these areas, and the soil mainly consists of sand and is seldom covered by vegetation. (3) The soil salinizatiion sensitivity grades are mainly moderate, high and extremely high. The highly sensitive areas are mainly distributed in southeast of Baijiantan district, north and east of Karamay district and east of Urho district. The primary causes are evaporation exceeding rainfall and extreme human activities. (4) The main types of biodiversity sensitivity are light and moderate grade. Highly sensitive areas are located in the east and south of Karamay district, north of the Baiyang River basin and parts of the wetland areas. (5) Oil fields development areas are highly ecologically sensitive, which are located in the northern oilfields of Urho district, western oilfields of Baijiantan district, northwestern oilfields of Karamay district and central oilfields of Dushanzi district. (6) The main types of integrated ecological sen-sitivity are high and moderate. The high and extremely highly sensitive areas are located in the central and northern parts of Karamay district, and southwest of Baijiantan district. The evaluation results will provide guidance for the future planning and development, the protection of the ecological environment and the realization of harmonious social, economic, and ecological development in Karamay City.     

煤层气钻井过程中钻井液对煤岩储层损害评价

针对煤层气钻井过程中钻井液的侵入可能给煤岩储层造成的损害,选用宁武盆地9号煤和现场用钻井液为研究对象,开展了煤样钻井液动–静态损害评价、毛细管自吸、应力敏感性评价等实验。钻井液动–静态损害评价表明,钻井液滤液损害是造成煤层渗透率下降的主要原因;与地层水相比,煤样对钻井液的自吸能力强且吸附滞留严重,导致液相返排率偏低;钻井液作用后弱化煤样力学性质强化了煤样应力敏感性。结合水敏、碱敏、润湿性评价和扫描电镜分析结果,指出钻井液作用后煤岩裂隙堵塞、润湿性差异和钻井液吸附是钻井液造成煤层损害的主要因素。