Satellite detection of IR precursors using bi-angular advanced along-track scanning radiometer data: a case study of Yushu earthquake

The paper has developed and proposed a synthesis analysis method based on the robust satellite data analysis technique(RST) to detect seismic anomalies within the bi-angular advanced along-track scanning radiometer(AATSR) gridded brightness temperature(BT)data based on spatial/temporal continuity analysis. The proposed methods have been applied to analyze the Yushu(Qinghai, China) earthquake occurred on 14 th April 2010,and a full AATSR data-set of 8 years data from March2003 to May 2010 with longitude from 91°E to 101°E and latitude from 28°N to 38°N has been analyzed. Combining with the tectonic explanation of spatial and temporal continuity of the abnormal phenomena, the analyzed results indicate that the infrared radiation anomalies detected by the AATSR BT data with nadir view appear and enhance gradually along with the development and occurring of the earthquake, especially along the Ganzi-Yushu fault, Nu River fault and Jiali-Chayu fault; more infrared anomalies along the earthquake fault zone(Lancangjiang fault and Ning Karma Monastery-Deqin fault) are detected using the proposed synthesis analysis method, which can also characterize the activity of seismic faults more precisely.     

中国南方龙潭植物群的生态及乐平煤之沉积环境

作者经对海南岛红树林生态环境及红树林泥炭沉积环境的考察，综合研究了前人已有植物化石的解剖特征和红树林植物解剖特征后，认为龙潭植物群是以真政和种子蕨、楔叶纲、科达纲为主，生长在潮间带和潮上带，具有热带雨林和季雨林特征的一类特殊的类红树林植物群。指出二叠纪龙潭植物群中含有多种与现代红树林植物解剖特征类似的植物化石，其古生态环境应类似于海南岛现代红树林植物群的生态环境。依据二叠纪龙潭煤系中乐平煤的地球化学特征及煤层中所含的海相动物化石，佐证了乐平煤为泥炭坪红树林沼泽沉积环境，其煤层具有较高的生烃潜力。     

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION OF EMISSIONFACTORS IN CHINA

1.IntrodctionEnvirorun~lehassionsarebyproduCtsofeconoAncadivihes.ThelevelofedrissionsgenerallyincreasesastheleveIOfeconondcaCtivitiesincreases.AsameasureofpollutioninimsihescausedbyeconoAncaedvihes,aneAnssionfaCtorgenerallytakesthefOrmofarati0bforantOtalpollutantquantityandtotaleconohacaCtivity[l],orThenumerator,totalwaSteorpollthentqUantitymaybemeasuredinwegh,orvoIumeor,somedmes,nuybemulhpliedbyahealthriskfaCtor(tokicityindex)0fthepollutant.Thedenondnator,totaleconothecaCtivities,canbe…     

Seasonal and extraseasonal predictions of summer monsoon precipitation by gems(1)

A semi-operational real time short-term climate prediction system has been developed in the Center of Climate and Environment Prediction Research (CCEPRE), Institute of Atmospheric Physics / Chinese Academy of Sciences. The system consists of the following components: the AGCM and OGCM and their coupling, initial conditions and initialization, practical schemes of anomaly prediction, ensemble prediction and its standard deviation, correction of GCM output, and verification of prediction. The experiences of semi-operational real-time prediction by using this system for six years 1989-1994) and of hindcasting for 1980-1989 are reported. It is shown that in most cases large positive and negative anomalies of summer precipitation resulting in disastrous climate events such as severe flood or drought over East Asia can be well predicted for two seasons in advance, although the quantitatively statistical skill scores are only satisfactory due to the difficulty in correctly predicting the signs of small anomalies. Some methods for removing the systematic errors and introducing corrections to the GCM output arc suggested. The sensitivity of pre-diction to the initial conditions and the problem of ensemble prediction are also discussed in the paper     

法别拉河北侧地区岩金找矿靶区的选择

法别拉河位于黑河市七二七附近。法别拉河流域有着在丰富的砂金资源,近年来岩金找矿在此区也有突破,相继发现了多个矿点和矿床。笔者通过前几年实际工作预测3个找矿靶区：Ⅰ,七道沟附近的北大沟一带普查区;Ⅱ,桦树排子北娘娘沟或古兰河东一带普查区;Ⅲ,阿尔滨河与托牛河之间（分水岭）一带普查区。     

Numerical Experiment for the Impact of the Ozone Hole over Antarctica on the Global Climate

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Exploring the sources of p-mode frequency shifts in the CoRoT target HD 49933

Oscillations of the solar-like star HD 49933 have been thoroughly observed by CoRot. Two dozen frequency shifts, which are closely related to the change in magnetic activity, have been measured. To explore the effects of magnetic activity on frequency shifts, we calculate frequency shifts for the radial and l = 1 p-modes of HD 49933 with the general variational method, which evaluates the shifts using a spatial integral of the product of a kernel and some sources. The theoretical frequency shifts reproduce the observation well. The magnitudes and positions of the sources are determined according to a χ2criterion. We predict the source that contributes to both the l = 0 and l = 1 modes is located 0.48- 0.62 Mm below the surface of the star. In addition, based on the assumption that A0is proportional to the change in the MgII activity index ?iMgII, we obtain that the change in MgII index between the minimum and maximum of the cycle during the period of HD 49933 is about 0.665.The magnitude of the frequency shifts compared to the Sun already demonstrates that HD 49933 is much more active than the Sun, which is further confirmed in this paper. Furthermore, our calculation of the frequency shifts for l = 1 modes indicates the variation of turbulent velocity in the stellar convective zone may be an important source for the l = 1 shifts.     

Distribution of SiO and OH Maser Stars in the Galactic Plane

The observational results of the Nobeyama 45-m SiO maser survey and the Arecibo 305-m OH maser survey are assembled for an analysis of the distribution and kinematics of late-type stars in the Galactic plane.It is found that neither SiO maser stars nor OH maser stars show any concentration to the spiral arms,which imply that they do not belong to the arm population and quite possibly they are low-mass stars in late stage of evolution.A rotational curve is also derived for these objects and a few features which may be real are discussed and compared with those derived from planetary nebulae and AGB stars.     

CLIMATE EFFECT OF THE LAST LARGE ERUPTION OF TIANCHI VOLCANO

Volcanic eruption is an important external forcing factor of climate change on time scale frommonth to hundred years.In this paper,the climatic effect of the last large historical eruption ofTianchi volcano,which happened in 1229 AD,has been investigated with a two-dimensionalenergy balance model.Taking Mt.Pinatubo volcano and Changbai Mountain-Tianchi volcano forexample,the numerical simulation on time scale from months to years indicates that such largeeruptions may have significant impacts on global climate.Based on the simulation results,it issuggested that the last large eruption of Tianchi volcano should be responsible for the abruptclimate change event,which began in the period from 1230 to 1260 AD.     

Numerical Experiment for the Impact of the Ozone Hole over Antarctica on the Global Climate

A numerical experiment has been carried out with IAP (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) 9-layer general circulation model to investigate the influence of the Antarctic Ozone Hole on the global climate. The results show that the changes of total amount of ozone over higher latitude and polar region of the Southern Hemisphere affect not only the climate in the Southern Hemisphere, but also that in the Northern Hemisphere significantly. In the next spring, although the total amount of ozone over Antarctica has returned to the normal value, the influences of Ozone Hole still exist. Suppported by LASG and the National Key Project of Fundamental Research “Climate Dynamics and Climate Prediction Theory.≓