利用中国地震科学台阵研究青藏高原东南缘地壳各向异性:第一期观测资料的剪切波分裂特征

中国地震科学台阵第一期(2011—2013年)布设在南北地震带南段,本研究利用中国地震科学台阵布设在云南及相邻地区的部分流动台站记录到的2011年6月至2013年3月的数字地震波形资料,开展地壳各向异性分析.本文使用剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM方法),获得了研究区内67个台站的剪切波分裂参数.研究结果表明,受到云南及周边地区复杂的构造、应力环境和纵横交错的断裂分布的影响,该地区快剪切波偏振方向(PAZ)整体上显示出NNE向和NE向的优势取向,但在空间分布上比较复杂,虽然大部分台站的PAZ与构造应力场方向一致,但部分断裂附近台站的PAZ受到断裂的影响.结果显示,本研究区内不同区域的PAZ有一定差异性.本研究划分了5个子区,西部3个不同区域的PAZ从北到南分别为NNW向、近N-S向和NE向,有顺时针旋转的趋势,而东部的2个区域PAZ分别为NEE向和NNW向.研究证实,青藏东南缘地区的地壳各向异性空间分布虽然非常复杂,但大体上与区域内的主压应力的方向和断裂分布相关.     

一种基于频谱分析和AR补偿的对流层延迟预报模型

利用实测天顶对流层延迟值（ZTD）,在无气象参数条件下,提出一种对流层延迟建模与预报方法。首先利用频谱分析,得到ZTD时间序列周期特性,并在此基础上对ZTD进行建模,给出模型参数计算方法。然后,基于频谱分析模型拟合ZTD,并与实测值进行比较分析。最后,将分析得到的拟合残差用AR模型进行改正并预报。结果表明,基于频谱分析和AR补偿的ZTD改正预报模型能够满足不同测试环境下的需求,精度达到cm级。     

“数字大连”基础测绘数字线划图内业编辑的方式与方法

大连市基础测绘1：500比例尺地形图工程,为大连市基础测绘主要内容之一,其目的是通过制作金州以南（含金州）核心区域的1：500地形图,为“数字大连”提供基础性地理信息数据。探讨了数字大连基础测绘数字线划图内业编辑的方式与方法。     

Shear-wave splitting beforeand after the 1999 Xiuyan earthquake in Liaoning, China

Using seismic waveform data recorded at station YK (Yingkou) of Liaoning Telemetry Digital Seismic Network, this paper studied the characteristics of shear-wave splitting before and after the Xiuyan MS5.9 (ML5.3) earthquake in November 29, 1999 with SAM method. The results show that the predominant polarizations of fast shear-waves at YK is in direction of ENE-WSW, consistent with the direction of regional principal compressive stress and also consistent with the direction of the regional tectonic stress field in North China; time-delays increasing before Xiuyan earthquake may shows accumulation of stress before earthquake. The predominant polarizations of fast shear-waves at YK are also related to the spatial distribution of small earthquakes and correlate with the fault strike. The histogram of monthly average polarizations of fast shear-waves shows that polarizations of fast shear-waves also seems to change from two months before the earthquake, but it still needs more data for verification.     

末次冰期冰盛期

末次冰期冰盛期(LGM)是十分关键的气候时期,这是距我们最近的极寒冷时期,那时北美北部为一巨大冰盖,包括3部分:一个在北美北部的东南,是北美冰盖的主体,称为劳仑泰冰盖;一个在北美北部的西南方太平洋沿岸,范围较小,称为考尔的勒冰盖;另一个在北美东北部靠近北冰洋,称为因纽特冰盖,范围最小。LGM时全球陆地约有24%被冰覆盖,     

Sensitivity Analysis of Ensemble Simulations on a Torrential Rainfall Case over South China Using Multiple PBL and SL Parameterizations

A good representation of the interaction between the planetary boundary layer(PBL) and the surface layer(SL) in numerical models is of great importance for the prediction of the initiation and development of convection. This study examined an ensemble that consists of the available suites of PBL and SL parameterizations based on a torrential rainfall event over south China. The sensitivity of the simulations was investigated against objective measurements using multiple PBL and SL parameterization schemes. The main causes of the bias from different parameterization schemes were further analysed by comparing the good and bad ensemble members. The results showed that good members tended to underestimate the rainfall amount but presented a decent evolution of mesoscale convective systems that were responsible for the torrential rainfall. Using the total energy mass flux(TEMF) scheme, the bad members overestimated the amount and spatial coverage of rainfall. The failure of the bad member was due to a spurious convection initiation(CI) resulting from the overestimated high-θe elevated air. The spurious CI developed and expanded rapidly, causing intensive and extensive rainfall over south China. Consistent with previous studies, the TEMF scheme tends to produce a warmer and moister PBL environment. The detailed sensitivity analysis of this case may provide reference for the operational forecast of rainfall over south China using multiple PBL and SL parameterizations.     

碎屑岩成岩过程中各种造岩矿物溶解特征的热力学模型

不同温压条件下,与碎屑岩在成岩过程中各种造岩矿物溶解相关的7个反应吉布斯自由能增量(ΔG)和平衡常数(K)的计算结果说明:各种造岩矿物(钾长石、钠长石、钙长石以及铁镁暗色矿物中的辉石、角闪石等)在成岩过程中的稳定性都较弱、抗溶蚀能力不高;铁镁暗色矿物和中-基性斜长石在碎屑岩的成岩条件酸性介质中,比酸性斜长石和碱性长石更易发生溶解形成次生溶蚀孔隙,为油气的储集和运移提供空间和通道.     

基于新一代信息安全标准下的业务系统风险分析及应对方法

随着科技产品不断的推陈出新,越来越多的高科技产品在各行各业广泛应用,原有的信息安全防护体系已经不能满足现有的网络环境,需要在考虑新新一代信息安全标准的前提下,对业务系统安全防护体系进行升级。本文针对最新的信息安全防护体系对业务系统进行了漏洞检测及分析。     

气候与下垫面变化对叶尔羌河源流径流的影响

以叶尔羌河流域上游河源区为研究区,构建嵌入了冰川模块的SWAT分布式水文模型,对卡群水文站1968—2017年逐月径流进行模拟,评价该模型在研究区内的适用性,基于模拟结果分析研究区冰川径流年际变化与年内分布情况,并定量核算气候和下垫面变化对径流变化的贡献率.结果表明:该模型在研究区径流模拟中具有良好的适用性,校准期(1...     

黄河流域河流水化学特征初步分析

本文根据黄河流域69个水化学测站500个站年资料分析了水化学特征及其区域分异。