Study of A Geo-Acoustic Model of Gas-Bearing Sediment and Its Application in Sediment with Low Acoustic Velocity

A new geo-acoustic model for gas-bearing sediment is proposed based on the work of Dvorkin and Prasad, and Biot theory. Only five geophysical parameters: sediment mineral composition, free gas saturation, tortuosity (also known as the structure factor), permeability, and porosity, are considered in the model. A benefit of this model is that we need only five parameters instead of ten parameters in the Biot’s formulas for acoustic velocity and attenuation calculation. Here the model is demonstrated with the in-situ experimental data collected from the Hangzhou Bay, China. The results of this study suggest that free gas content in sediment is the most critical condition resulting in a low acoustic velocity (compressional wave). The respective contributions of the other four parameters in the model are also discussed.     

致密砂岩储层渗透率预测技术研究进展

对于致密砂岩储层而言,渗透率是评价储层物性、渗流特征的重要参数,也是储层产能挖潜和提高采收率的关键.致密砂岩储层孔隙类型多样,孔隙结构复杂,非均质性强,孔渗关系变化复杂,并非简单的线性关系.利用孔渗统计回归和测井解释方法预测精度较低,致密砂岩储层渗透率预测成为一项重要而艰巨的任务.本研究基于孔喉结构是致密砂岩储层渗透率的主控因素,重点利用毛管压力(MICP)、核磁共振(NMR)、岩心物性实验数据及测井资料,对基于统计回归理论、流体流动单元划分(FZI)储层分类理论、分形几何理论及人工智能理论的渗透率预测方法进行综述.最后指出,基于MICP、NMR及常规测井,将流体流动单元划分(FZI)储层分类技术、分形几何数字岩心技术以及人工智能机器学习技术相结合,可形成一套具有岩石物理学意义的致密砂岩储层渗透率评价和预测的有效方法.     

2007年宁洱6.4级地震余震序列尾波QC值研究

基于Aki和Chouet的地方震尾波单次散射模型,利用思茅台记录到的2007年云南宁洱6.4地震余震的数字化波形观测资料,测量了震源区尾波Qc(f)值。当中心频率为1.5Hz时,宁洱地区的尾波Qc值在51～147之间,平均值为79,尾波的振幅衰减率βc(f)在0.014～0.039之间,平均值为0.028;测量得到该地区尾波Qc值与频率f的关系为Qc(f)=53f0.88;尾波波源因子与震级成正比关系,满足关系lgA0=1.51ML-0.94;测量结果显示宁洱地震余震序列的尾波值Qc较低,表明宁洱震源区属于构造运动较为活跃区。     

Minimal cut-based recursive decomposition algorithm for seismic reliability evaluation of lifeline networks

In this paper, a new probabilistic analytical approach, the minimal cut-based recursive decomposition algorithm (MCRDA), is presented to evaluate the seismic reliability of large-scale lifeline systems. Based on the minimal cut searching algorithm, the approach calculates the disjoint minimal cuts one by one using the basic procedure of the recursive decomposition method. At the same time, the process obtains the disjoint minimal paths of the system. In order to improve the computation efficiency, probabilistic inequality is used to calculate a solution that satisfies the prescribed error bound. A series of case studies show that MCRDA converges rapidly when the edges of the systems have low reliabilities. Therefore, the approach can be used to evaluate large-scale lifeline systems subjected to strong seismic wave excitation.     

辽东金伯利岩成因研究的某些进展

金伯利岩成因是国内外许多学者一直探讨的课题.笔者通过对辽东半岛南部金伯利岩的研究表明:金伯利岩岩浆的形成是包括熔融作用在内的多种地质作用的综合结果.控制金伯利岩岩浆形成的主体作用是地幔(这种地幔具亏损和富集地幔的双重特征)的部分熔融,对于含矿性越贫的岩体,其金伯利岩岩浆就存在越强烈的结晶分离作用和地幔易熔组分的萃取作用.金伯利岩岩浆形成的深度可以通过金伯利岩中最高Cr_2O_3含量的石榴石,按照关系式p(GPa)=0.32612Cr_2O_3((?),%)+0.9278(r=0.9958)来估算.本文把岩浆温度、氧逸度、粘度、密度、上升速度及裂隙宽度的估算引入金伯利岩.金伯利岩浆是按底辟—裂隙模式形成和上侵的.     

昆山,城山和大龙山岩体的锶同位素特征及其成因研究

昆山、城山和大龙山三个岩体的全岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄和~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始值在实验误差范围内完全相一致,分别为135Ma和0.707±0.001左右。结合氧同位素和稀土元素等资料分析,发现岩体的成岩物质来源于上地幔,母岩浆上升侵位过程中与地壳物质发生了同化混染,而且这种作用达到了充分的均一化。据壳幔混合模式计算,其中地幔锶和地壳锶分别约占53.8％和46.2％。这些岩体与深大断裂和地幔隆起有成因上的密切联系。     

江西冷水斑岩型银铅锌矿床矿化特征

本文阐述冷水斑岩型银铅锌矿床的不同矿化过程和矿化分带的原因。对不同矿化过程中的主要硫化物及矿物组合进行标型特征和成因方面的研究,并以物理化学原理为基础,进行推导和计算,得出成矿的物理化学条件和成矿溶液的演化规律.