西藏南部花岗岩类稀土元素地球化学

REE abundances of granitoids in Southern Xizang were estimated to be within the range of 190 ppm (REE oxides), which are much lower than the average REE abundance of intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks in the crust. The REE abundances show a progressive decrease from late Yenshanian to late Himalayan (195--128 ppm). Four types of REE distribution patterns have been distinguished: (1) rightly deelined smooth curves, showing little Eu anomaly (δEu-values are 0.78-0.95) and relative enrichment of heavy REE (Diorite and granodiorite, fore example, are characterized by such a pattern) ; (2) rightly declined V-shape curves, displaying negative Eu anomaly(δEu: 0.50--0.70) (Biotite-granite shows sneh a pattern.) ; (3) righly declined V-shape curves with noticeable Eu anomaly (δEu : 0.36--0.39) (Two-mica granite and tourmalinemuscovite granite possess this pattern) ; and (4) rightly declined V-shape eurves with strong Eu anomaly (δEu : 0.27--0.86) (Porphyritie biotite-granite has such a pattern). In summary, the granitoids in this given area could be divided into two types, i. e.,the abyssal type (e. g. diorite, granodiorite) and the hypabyssal type (e.g. two-mica granite and tourmaline muscovite granite).     

稀土元素矿床

为了能对稀土矿床作一个较全面和系统的介绍,从成因类型将稀土矿床划分为:与花岗岩有关的稀土矿床;与碱性超基性杂岩有关的稀土矿床;与霞石正长岩有关的稀土矿床;与碱性花岗岩和正长岩有关的稀土矿床;与沉积变质作用有关的稀土矿床;外生稀土矿床(表1)。从世界上看,美国加利福尼亚州芒廷帕斯与正长岩、黑云母花岗岩、富辉石正长岩有关的碳酸岩体和岩脉是氟碳铈矿最重要的资源,是世界稀土主要供应地,占总生产能力的50％     

东坪金矿矿石碲、金分布及其相关性

东坪金矿位于河北崇礼县境内,是我国首例产于碱性杂岩内的富碲特大型金矿床,被确定为新的金矿类型——“东坪式金矿”。其中1、70号矿体为一系列NNE走向的石英脉、石英-钾长石脉、石英细脉或网脉及旁侧的钾化、硅化蚀变岩构成,它们之间在走向与延深方向呈逐渐过渡。与金矿化密切相关的围岩蚀变包括钾化、硅化和黄铁矿化,部分绢云母化。矿石的次生氧化作用十分强烈。     

Experimental Study on Mine Spoils During Superficial Geochemical Processes

Based on the mineral and chemical compositions of spoils taken from the Shilu Cu-Mo deposit and Hetai gold deposit ,the leaching and batch experiments were made on spoils taken from these two deposits using the leaching column designed by the authors.The experimental results showed that it is not always true that the imine drainage is acidic.Its acidity depends on acid-buffering capacity of gangue,host rock and its alteration mineral assemblage.The composi-tion of the drainage water is related with the interaction between superficial or underground water and solid materials in the spoils,including minerals,hydroxides and amorphous substances.The leaching extent of the element is related with its occurrence form in the deposit.The prefer-ential flow results in leaching-out of heavy metals in large amounts.So it is important to prevent the generating of preferential flow in the system.The results will provide very important grounds for the comprehensive management of land and ecological rehabilitation of the mine site.     

Proterozoic anorogenic magmatic rocks and their constraints on mineralizations in the Bayan Obo deposit region, Inner Mongolia

The Proterozoic anorogenic magmatic rocks are well developed in the Bayan Obo deposit region. They are composed of trachyte, magnesioarfvedesonite-feldspatite, potash-rhyolite, dacite, rhyolite, quartz porphyry and trachy basalt. A lot of high-K diabase veins (dykes) are also found. These anorogenic magmatic rocks are derived from the mantle. They have lowerεNd (t) (4.52-5.88) with T(Nd DM)=1.54-1.92 Ga. Their Nd isotopic compositions and T(Nd DM)are consistent with those of ores, implying that the ore-forming materials were derived from these anorogenic magmatic rocks. The zircon U-Pb ages of the rocks are 1.8 Ga. Research results indicate that the Bayan Obo Group was replaced by the hydrothermal solution related to the anorogenic magmatic rocks, resulting in the formation of the deposit.     

岩石圈与成矿作用

近三十年来,国际上组织了一系列全球性地球科学的研究,如国际地球物理年、国际上地幔计划、地球动力学计划、国际海洋考察和深海钻探计划及目前正在实施的国际岩石圈计划。现在世界上五分之三的国家和地区都制订了本国的岩石圈计划。 地壳和上地幔是人类居住和获取各种资源、能源,改造和利用自然的重要场所。岩石圈的结构、组成、演化和动力学研究是80年代     

关于莱河矿的标准生成自由能

作者利用FeO-Fe_2O_3-SiO_2系中包含莱河矿的Schreinemakers线锥,讨论了莱河矿生成自由能所应该满足的限制。结果表明,王声远计算的莱河矿标准生成自由能数据较为合理。     

内蒙古白云鄂博矿区元古代非造山岩浆岩及其对成矿的制约

白云鄂博矿区广泛分布着元古代非造山岩浆岩.主要岩性是粗面岩、镁铁钠闪石-长石岩、钾质流纹岩、英安岩、流纹岩、石英斑岩和中长玄武岩,并有大量高钾辉绿岩脉(墙)出露.这些非造山岩浆岩来源于地幔,它们的ε_(Sr)(t)值都较低,ε_(Nd)(t)主要集中在4.52～5.88,钕模式年龄T_(DM)~(Nd)集中在1.54～1.92 Ga.它们的Nd同位素组成和钕模式年龄都与矿石一致,意味着成矿物质来源于这些岩浆岩.这些岩浆岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为1.8 Ga年左右.各种研究结果表明矿床是与非造山岩浆岩有关的热液交代白云鄂博群的产物.     

Lead in K－Feldspar and Its Relations to Rb Metallogenesis

In intermediate-acid magmatic rocks,alkaline magmatic rocks,gneisses and migmatitic rocks K-feldspar is a rock-forming rock in which the contents of Pb are highest,just 2-10 times those of the whole rock,3-16 times those of mica minerals and 6-32 times those of quartz.The lowest contents of K-feldspar are recognized in Early Proterozoic and Achaean rocks,with Pb in the K-feldspar accounting for less than 10% of that in the whole rock;in post Middle Proterozoic alkaine magmatic rocks,K-feldspar-rich granites and metamorphic rocks the contents of K-feldspar tend to increase,with the proportion granites and metamorphic rocks the contents of K-feldspar tend to increase,with the proportion of Pb over that in the whole rock being obviously increased.In the alkaline rocks in which K-feldspar accounts for 50%-70% of the total in the whole rock,the contents of Pb in K-feldspar account approximately for 70%-95% of the total lead in the whole rock.Being accessible to hydrothermal alteration in the late periods,K-feldspar was conversed to sericite,calcite,quartz,etc.In the process of such conversion the lead would be leached out and then find its way into fluid phase.This kind of trans-formation can provide sufficient ore-forming material for later Pb metallogenesis.     

西天山北部晚古生代火山-浅侵位岩浆岩40Ar/39Ar同位素定年

西天山火山岩属玄武安山流纹岩建造,钙碱性(中钾、高钾)和橄榄玄粗岩系列。其^40Ar／^39Ar年龄范围为250～306Ma,以260～290Ma为高峰值。浅侵位岩浆岩属偏碱性、碱性岩石或高钾钙碱性系列岩石,^40Ar／^39Ar年龄范围为260～290Ma。综合Ar—Ar和Rb—Sr、U—Pb年龄资料,西天山地区火山—浅侵位岩浆活动高峰期发生在晚石炭世—早二叠世。^40Ar／^39Ar坪年龄资料还显示了晚二叠世、侏罗纪—早白垩世的热事件信息。对区内高钾钙碱性火山岩、橄榄玄粗岩和埃达克质岩石等富碱火成岩的年龄测定表明,本区构造格架的重大转折——由俯冲、碰撞造山的挤压,转向后碰撞的伸展、拉张——发生在石炭纪末—早二叠世(250～300Ma)期间。