A Study on Organic Inclusions in Clastic Reservoir Rocks and Their Application to the Assessment of Oil and Gas Accumulations

Terrigenous clastic reservoir rocks are widespread in China,and nearly all the industrial oil and gas accumulations in eastern China occur in the clastic rocks.The study shows that organic inclusions are mostly distributed in the secondary fissures and pores which were ormed in the process of oil-rock interaction,rather than in the cements or secondary enlargements. The organic inclusions are dominantly organic gas-rich or are composed of pure hydrocarbons.Homogenization temperatures range mainly from 120℃ to 130℃，which shows a relatively high maturity of organic matter.Vertical and horizontal temperature changes provide the grounds for the investigation of basin evolution and thermal fluid-kinetics-model.Fluorescence spectral characteristics o the organic inclusions indicate that oils and gases in the area studied probably have experienced two-stage or two-time migration.Micro-fluorescence rescearch is one of the effective approaches to oil/source correlation and oil migration-stage determination.The abundance and occurrence of organic inclusions is one of the indicators of oil and gas abundance and accumulation in rock layers.With the help of other informatio,organic inclusions can provide the basis for the prospective assessment of oil and gas in clastic reservoir rocks.     

云南腾冲热泉金的有机地球化学研究——Ⅰ生物标志物浅析

本文主要通过对比分析研究热泉软泥中的金含量与有机质及含硫化合物的相关性。并测定泉水及软泥中含金量和软泥中有机碳含量，以及对抽提物中的饱和烃和芳烃族组分进行色谱—质谱分析，最后得出的结论：有机质的沉积环境为还原—强还原，有机质属于腐泥－腐殖型，接近和达到了成熟阶段。软泥中金含量与有机质的性质无明显相关关系，与有机碳含量也无明显相关关系，而与其成熟度相关密切。样品分析证实软泥中含硫化合物与金含量呈正相关性。对比分析了水及软泥中金含量，认为两者之间也无明显相关关系     

Important Geological Factors Controlling the Formation of Gold Deposits in East China

The major gold deposits in east China are characterized by their occurrence in pre-Cambrian host metamorphic rocks,restriction in some specific stratigraphic-structural terranes,tendentious localization in ductile or ductile-brittle shear zones,association with the syntexis type granitoids,and significant remobilization,superimposition and enrichment by the later stage Mesozoic tectono-magmatic activities.     

Geodynamic Background of the Mesozoic Intracontinental Magmatism in Southeast China

The authors have proposed a dynamic model in this paper based on the ages,rock series and associations,Sr-Nd isotopic signatures of the Mesozoic intracontinental magmatism overlying the Cathaysian and Yangtze blocks.The model describes the relation of intracontinental collision and subduction in the Tethyan tectonic regie with Paleo-Pacific oceanic plate sudbuction-strike slip-extension in the Pacific tectonic regime.During 220-150Ma,the horizontal collision between the North China block and the Yangtze block,as well as the intracontinental subduction of some divergent microcontinental terranes in the southwestern part of South China are ascribed to the influence of the Tethyan tectonic regime,giving rise to a volume of high-Isr and low-εNd(t) S-type granites only in the Cathaysian Block.During 145-90Ma,under the geodynamic backgound of subduction-strike slip-extension of the Paleo-Pacific oceanic plate on the basis of the deep tectonic process in the Tethyan tectonic regime,high-K,alkalirich calc-alkaline and shoshonitic volcano-plutonic complexes were generated in the Yangtze block,and high-K calc-alkalic and bimodal volcano-plutonic complexes were generated in the Cathaysian block.The occurrence of A-type peralkaline granites in the coastal areas of South east China indicates the end of Mesozoic intracontinental magmatism.     

The Microarea Composition of Garnet and Biotite from the Ji‘an Group in Tonghua District and Its Significance as an Indicator of Metamorphic P—T—t Path

The garnet(Grt)and biotite(Bt) from gneisses of the Ji‘an Group are characterized by diffusion zoning at the rim,but equilibrium composition of metamorphic peak is usually remained in extensive interior area.Garnet with growth zoning is also found in the kyanite zone.In the light of microarea compositional variation of Grt and Bt,the temperature and pressure at the progressive,peak and post-peak metamorphic stages are determined by correctly using Grt Bt thermometer and GASP barometer.On this basis,a counterclockwise P-T-t path can be constructed,which reflects the closing process of an ensialic rift belt in this region during the Early Proterozoic.     

Screening Effect of the Diffusive Boundary Layer in Sediments of Lake Aha in the Suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province

The redox cycle of iron and manganese is a major geochemica process at the boundary layers of lake sediments.Lake Aha,which lies in the suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province,China,is a medium-sized artificial reservoir with seasonally anoxic hypolimnion,Long-term sedimentary accumulation of iron and manganese resulted in their enrichment in the upper sediments,In the anoxic season,Fe^2 and Mn^2 ,formed by diological oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments.However,the concentration of oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments,However,the concentration of Fe^2 increased later and decreased earlier than that of Mn^2 .Generally,sulfate reduction occurred at 6 cm below the sediment-water interface.Whereas,in the anoxic season.the reduction reached upper sediments,inhibiting the release of Fe^2 ,The Fe concentration of anoxic water is quickly decreased from high to low as a result of reduction of the suplhur system.     

金沙江水电开发区域工程地质环境综合评价

金沙江所流经的川滇交界地区是中国西南典型的活动构造区，区内地震及地质灾害十分严重，所以在金沙江水电梯级规划中，进行该区域的工程地质环境系统评价尤为重要，本文选取对工程地质环境有较大影响的九种因素，从地壳稳定性、地面稳定性、岩土稳定性三方面建立层次分析模型。根据层次分析所取得的因素权重值，按好、较好、一般、较差、差5个等级进行工程地质环境质量综合评价及分工。工程地质环境特征的分区性向我们显示各梯级工程规划选址区所存在的重大工程地质问题。     

钾长石粉酸浸除铁的实验研究

在利用钾长石粉合成沸石分子筛和制取碳酸钾技术中，铁的存在会降低沸石的白度。对北京平谷、天津蓟县、内蒙白云鄂博三地钾长石粉进行硫酸酸浸除铁实验，获得最大铁浸出率分别为88．6％、93．2％和64．6％，且前两地钾长石粉中铁的浸出行为相似，酸浸除铁效果均优于白云鄂博钾长石粉。采用正交实验法研究硫酸浓度、酸浸温度和时间对除铁效果的影响，表明三者对不同地区钾长石粉酸浸除铁效果的影响程度各不相同。钾长石酸浸除铁反应开始时，铁的溶解极快，反应速率主要由化学反应控制；其后溶解相对缓慢，反应速率则由扩散作用控制。     

陕北榆神府矿区煤炭资源开发主要水工环问题及防治对策

分析了榆神府矿区煤炭资源开发所面临的主要水文、工程、环境地质问题。以水文工程地质条件研究为基础 ,给出了榆神府矿区土地沙漠化、水土流失和水环境受开采影响的预期结果。并提出了实现保水采煤的水工环技术方案和工程措施建议。     

榴辉岩中石英出熔体的拉曼光谱学研究及其构造意义

利用拉曼光谱学和费氏台方法对若干地区超高压榴辉岩中柯石英和榴辉岩中石英出溶体的超显微构造特征进行了研究。研究结果表明，石榴石（或绿辉石）中柯石英向石英相变是一个连续变化过程。绿辉石中石英出溶体和主晶具有一定的晶体学拓扑关系，即石英出溶体长轴有两个展布方向：平行于绿辉石（100）裂理面和平行于绿辉石（－101）面。目前，部分学者推断榴辉岩绿辉石中石英出溶体可作为超高压变质作用的标志。笔者认为，棒状定向石英在绿辉石中出溶的温压条件和出溶机理尚未查明。因此，需加强过量二氧化硅单斜辉石出溶机理的超高压实验研究，从而为证实石英出溶体作为超高压标志提供实验定量约束。