葫芦岛核电站可能最大风暴潮(PMSS)数值模拟研究

核电厂厂址的可能最大风暴潮(Possible Maximum Storm Surege,PMSS)是滨海核电厂厂址重要的设计基准之一。基于ADCIRC风暴潮模式计算葫芦岛地区的风暴潮,同时对网格进行精细化处理,网格分辨率精度较高。首先为检验数值模式的准确性,分别模拟了辽东湾地区发生的6005号、7203号和7303号典型台风风暴潮过程,计算葫芦岛站风暴潮最大增水值并与实测资料进行对比,计算表明本文模拟结果与实测结果吻合良好,验证了本文数值计算模型的准确性,为可能最大风暴潮(PMSS)的计算提供了依据。以渤海典型台风7303号台风为基础,建立多条影响核电站厂址的台风路径,计算得到201条派生路径下核电站厂址的最大风暴增水情况,为核电站厂址选址提供了重要依据。     

农村建设用地低效利用的影响因素分析——以广州市天河区和白云区为例

在调查问卷与实地访谈基础上,利用有序Probit模型探究广州市天河区及白云区农村建设用地低效利用的影响因素。结果表明:位置、产权、产业、历史、基础设施、审批、经营、管理、利益分配及经济形势等因素构成经济快速发展地区城乡结合部农村低效建设用地形成机制的因素群组,位置、产业、产权、历史、基础设施及审批等因素是影响农村低效建设用地形成最为强烈的关键因素。通过建设城乡统一的土地市场,加快集体土地确权登记颁证,制定农村低效建设用地认定标准与程序,积极稳妥解决历史遗留问题,加强二次开发利用的监管及简化审批流程。     

中国东北中生代地层划分对比之新见

在总结近二十年来有关我国东北地区中生代地层研究诸多新发现与新进展的基础上 ,以生物化石为主要依据 ,以 海相检验法”及国际性生物地层对比为标准 ,结合同位素年代地层学新资料 ,对东北地区中生代地层的划分及对比 ,提出了新的方案。文中还讨论了三叠系 -侏罗系界线、侏罗系 -白垩系界线及下白垩统 -上白垩统界线的划分以及辽西义县组的时代。同时 ,还首次报道了笔者等对黑龙江东部龙爪沟群研究的最新进展 ,并提出了对龙爪沟群时代及与鸡西群对比的新认识。     

论"工程测量"课程的教学改革

从教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、实践教学和教师应不断拓宽知识面等方面对当前“工程测量”教学改革作了初步的探讨。     

羌塘盆地基底地层及大地构造性质

根据不同学者在盆地基底地层中所得出的锆石同位素测年数据进行统计分析,结合前人对羌塘地区大地构造方面的研究成果得出:羌塘盆地中央隆起带出露的变质岩基底可能经历过泛非时期构造热事件的作用,羌塘块体在演化过程中受到了南部冈瓦纳大陆的影响,这对于了解本地区的大地构造背景以及对古特提斯缝合带的研究有所帮助。     

印尼贯穿流源区马鲁古海与哈马黑拉海水团来源的季节和年际变化

So far, large uncertainties of the Indonesian throughflow(ITF) reside in the eastern Indonesian seas, such as the Maluku Sea and the Halmahera Sea. In this study, the water sources of the Maluku Sea and the Halmahera Sea are diagnosed at seasonal and interannual timescales and at different vertical layers, using the state-of-the-art simulations of the Ocean General Circulation Model(OGCM) for Earth Simulator(OFES). Asian monsoon leaves clear seasonal footprints on the eastern Indonesian seas. Consequently, the subsurface waters(around 24.5σ_θ and at ～150 m) in both the Maluku Sea and the Halmahera Sea stem from the South Pacific(SP) during winter monsoon, but during summer monsoon the Maluku Sea is from the North Pacific(NP), and the Halmahera Sea is a mixture of waters originating from the NP and the SP. The monsoon impact decreases with depth, so that in the Maluku Sea, the intermediate water(around 26.8σ_θ and at ～480 m) is always from the northern Banda Sea and the Halmahera Sea water is mainly from the SP in winter and the Banda Sea in summer. The deep waters(around27.2σ_θ and at ～1 040 m) in both seas are from the SP, with weak seasonal variability. At the interannual timescale,the subsurface water in the Maluku Sea originates from the NP/SP during El Ni?o/La Ni?a, while the subsurface water in the Halmahera Sea always originates from the SP. Similar to the seasonal variability, the intermediate water in Maluku Sea mainly comes from the Banda Sea and the Halmahera Sea always originates from the SP. The deep waters in both seas are from the SP. Our findings are helpful for drawing a comprehensive picture of the water properties in the Indonesian seas and will contribute to a better understanding of the ocean-atmosphere interaction over the maritime continent.     

吕宋海峡内波吸引子的三维数值模拟

Internal waves propagate along wave beams that are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. It is conjectured that the internal waves generated in the Luzon Strait may be confined between the double ridges in the strait and concentrate to a closed trajectory, the so-called internal wave attractor, due to the reflection of wave beams from the lateral boundaries, sea surface and bottom. This work carried out two experiments using a three dimensional non-hydrostatic general circulation model, MITgcm, to investigate the possibility that the ridges in the Luzon Strait allows for internal wave attractors. Baroclinic current in both of the experiments demonstrate the forming of ring-like patterns in some section around 20° and 21°N, indicating that the development of the internal wave attractors are allowed in the Luzon Strait. The different resolutions and initial conditions in the two experiments also reveal that the internal-wave-attractor phenomenon is robust in this region.     

华北克拉通古老大陆地壳组成及演化

对鞍本、冀东、鲁西、阴山等早前寒武纪典型地区和深部物质进行了深入研究,总结了华北克拉通早期地壳形成演化历史。揭示出鄂尔多斯地块本身强烈卷入了古元古代晚期构造热事件。首次在华北克拉通划分出3个>2.6 Ga 古陆块。     

中国生态交错带（英文）

生态交错带（Ecotone）是指两个群落或两类生态系统之间的过度带,具有脆弱、敏感和易变等特性。20世纪70年代以来,在典型生态系统研究的基础上,生态交错带逐步成为生态学研究的重点。中国地域广阔,地质、气候、植被等生态类型复杂多变,蕴育了不同类型、不同尺度和不同规模的多种生态交错带,不仅为科学研究奠定了广阔空间,而且对我国经济、社会发展,以及文化多样性保护具有重要支撑作用。本文根据我国大尺度下生态交错带的地理分布及其生态环境特点,构建了以土地利用类型、自然气候特征和农业经济发展＂三位一体＂指标体系,并以此为依据对中国典型生态交错带进行了划分和空间分布范围的界定;在此基础上,分别对北方森林草原交错带、北方农牧交错带、西北荒漠绿洲交错带、西南川滇农林牧交错带和东部海陆交错带的动态变化、基本特征和存在问题进行了研究,对全面认识我国生态交错带自然演变规律,促进区域生态环境保护和优化经济发展具有重要意义。     

烟、威鲐鱼渔埸及邻近水域浮游动物生态的初步研究

烟台-威海海区为黄海重要渔场之一。每年4—5月间,鲐鱼Pneumatophorus japonicus(Houttuyn)开始前来产卵。为了开发这个海区的水产资源,并深入了解鲐鱼的生态习性和数量变动,自1953年起,开展了烟、威鲐鱼渔场的生态调查,浮游生物生态郎列为调查项目之一。每年调查仅在鲐鱼渔汛期间(4—7月)进行。自1957年3月至1958年2