国内外海洋热能转换概况

一、前言海洋热能转换(Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion OTEC)这一概念早在1881年法国物理学家 D~1 Arsonval 就提出来了。他设想在热带海洋表面温海水与深层冷海水之间,设置闭式朗肯循环,把海洋中所储存的太阳热能转换为电能。为实现这一设想,D~1Arsonval 的学生,法国工程师 G.Claude 于1926年在一个海水温差发电的模拟装置上使     

滦河口段潮波的传播

一、前言潮波从大洋传入内海,潮振幅明显增加。这一潮波再进入河口区段,由于河口的地形不同,潮波的变化有很大的差异,如呈喇叭形状的河口段,由于地形效应,潮波能量逐渐集中,所以进入河口的潮波在传播过程中,振幅逐渐增大。而非喇叭形状的河口区,湖波进入河口段后,由于波能量耗散,湖波在向上游传播过程中,振幅逐渐减小。     

关于用冷藏条斑紫菜进行大面积采单孢子苗的试验报告

条斑紫菜全人工养殖由于是用紫菜丝状体放散的壳孢子进行人工采苗,这就必须培养大量丝状体来满足采苗的需要。为了简化紫菜的栽培过程,我们用条斑紫菜单孢子作苗源以代替壳孢子。经过室内外实验,于1979年在青岛海水养殖一埸进行了大面积采单孢子苗     

海水中总溶解碳水化合物测定方法的研究——酚硫酸法的温度效应

碳水化合物是海水中的一类重要的有机组份,它主要来源于海洋光合作用过程。因此。海水中总溶解糖的测定,能为浮游植物的初级生产量提供一种间接的参量;在化学海洋学和生物地球化学的研究中,也需要取得溶解糖含量的数据。因此自五十年代以来,文献中已陆续出现多种测定方法。在这些方法中,半田提出的酚硫酸法得到较多的应用,并已被选择收入Strickland和Parsons著名的“海水分析手册”中,成为一种常规的分析方法。酚硫酸法的基本原理,是使碳水化合物在浓硫酸作用下与苯酚反应,用光度法测定反应所形成的有色缩聚产物。根据文献[2]的推荐,常规的分析程序     

抛石防波堤混凝土栅栏板护面块调查报告

为进一步了解栅栏板在海岸工程中使用情况,我们于今年五、六月份赴青岛、大连有关设计、施工和使用单位进行了现场参观学习和调查,并和这些单位有关工程技术人员进行了座谈讨论。栅栏板继在青岛交通部北海船厂防波堤后坡、海军某工程西防沙堤及东护岸投入使用后,又先后在大连石油七厂海坝接长工程、南护岸扩建工程及大连化工厂码头盐场扩     

Analysis of medaka cytochrome P450 3A homotropic and heterotropic cooperativity

We have previously demonstrated that medaka CYP3A is associated with metabolism of several endobiotics including steroids and bile acids. In this study, we demonstrate that medaka CYP3A catalysis exhibits unusual kinetic behaviors consistent with allosteric interaction which cannot be described by hyperbolic kinetic models. Using 7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin (BFC) and nonylphenol as CYP3A substrates, we describe both homotropic and heterotropic cooperative interactions. Given the role of CYP3A in maintaining the homeostatic balance for numerous endobiotics, enzymatic activation/inhibition by endocrine disruptors (EDCs) represents a putative (non-genomic) mechanism for endocrine disruption.     

Partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons between water and particles compared to bioaccumulation in mussels: a harbour case

Water and particles from three sites located in Halifax Harbour, near and further away from combined municipal sewage effluents (CMSE) were analysed for parental and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (par and alkPAH). Bioavailability of PAH was compared for inter-tidal mussels collected at the same sites in April and November. The PAH fingerprint determined over 9 sampling times covering a period of 19 months differed more between phases (water and particles) and seasons, than between sites. In the spring, more alkPAH associated with diesel and gasoline were detected in the soluble phase, along with more bioaccumulation of alkPAH in inter-tidal mussels. A broader number of parPAH were detected in mussels collected in the fall. The mean sum of dissolved alkPAH concentrations was higher in water at the site closer to raw CMSE than at the other two sites and particles of that site. However, lowest bioconcentration factors (BCF) were determined in mussels of this more contaminated site. Similar biota-particle accumulation factors (BPAF) were determined for parPAH in mussels from the three sites, all lower than the BCF of alkPAH. The study indicates that sewage treatment plants will reduce the amount of parPAH especially larger than fluoranthene and pyrene from being deposited in the harbour; that alk naphthalenes and fluorenes present in water will continue to be discharged; that the disturbance of sediments can make particle-bound PAH available to mussels.     

9711号北上台风演变及暴雨过程的位涡诊断分析

通过对 971 1号台风登陆北上穿过山东造成山东特大暴雨过程的湿位涡的分析 ,并从湿位涡的角度研究了台风演变及山东特大暴雨的形成机制 ,揭示了冷空气在台风演变及暴雨过程中的重要作用。结果表明 :倾斜涡度发展是暴雨产生和台风加强的重要机制之一 ,暴雨产生在 θe线陡立密集区内 ;湿位涡在这次暴雨过程中对流层低层具有 MPV1 <0 ,MPV2 >0的特征 ,此次暴雨产生在负的MPV1等值线密集区中 ;对流层上部及平流层下部高位涡的下传使得低层斜压性增大 ,引起低层的对流稳定度减小 ,促使气旋性涡度发展 ,有利于位势不稳定能量的释放 ,使得暴雨增幅 ,导致台风的加强并演变为温带气旋。     

中国近海鸭嘴蛤科的分类研究

鸭嘴蛤科(Laternulidae)的种类,广泛分布在我国沿海,数量很多。其肉可供食用,亦可作家畜、家禽、鱼虾类的饲料和农用肥料,具有一定的经济价值。 本科的主要特征是:外形似鸭嘴状,壳质薄脆、半透明,具云母光泽。两壳壳顶紧密接近,各具横裂一条。壳表无放射肋,具有同心生长纹和粒状突起。铰合部无齿,但具从壳顶斜行向后的薄片隔板。韧带槽呈匙状,韧带介于其中。大多数种类在匙槽前方,具有     

产后雌鳗再生殖的可能性

从1973年开始,我们对产后雌鳗再生殖的可能性进行了研究,发现产后亲鳗并不象过去许多人认为的那样必然死亡,恰恰相反,多数能够成活。 1977年以后,我们有意识地用海水和淡水对产后雌鳗进行了饲养,观察并探索其再次繁殖的可能性,得出一些有意义的结果。现报道如下。