1964-2015年气候因子对秦岭地区植物物候的综合影响效应

以1964-2015年物候观测数据和逐日气象资料为基础,运用相关分析和PLS回归法,研究了秦岭地区植物物候变化与气候变化的响应关系。结果表明：① 1964-2015年,秦岭地区物候始末期的气候均呈干暖化趋势,且始期的暖化趋势较末期显著,物候突变后（1985年之后）尤为显著。② 就单一因素而言,物候始末期对气温、降水、日照等气候因子的响应程度存在差异,突变前（1985年之前）,除物候始期的日均温外,其他气候因子对物候的影响均不显著,但突变后影响显著,始期与末期的日均温每升高1 ℃,始期提前3.0 d,末期推迟12.0 d;始期的累积降水每减少1 mm始期提前1.3 d,末期的每增加1 mm末期推迟1.0 d;始期与末期的日均日照时数每增加1 h,始期提前4.3 d,末期推迟18.3 d。③ 气候因子对物候始末期的影响存在滞后效应,物候始期,气温影响的滞后时效约1~2个月,降水的滞后时效约1~3个月,而日照几乎无滞后效应;物候末期,气温的滞后时效约1~3个月,降水几乎无滞后效应,而日照影响的滞后时效约1~2个月。④ 物候始期与末期均受气温、日照、降水的综合影响,气温是影响物候变化最重要的因素,特别是同期日均温的升高对物候始期的提前及末期的推迟具有主导控制作用。     

地层各向异性对硬脆性泥页岩井壁稳定性的影响

硬脆性泥页岩地层内部裂缝 、微裂缝等弱面结构发育,表现较强的非均质性和各向异性,常规坍塌压力的计算方法不能准确反映硬脆性泥页岩的破坏规律.基于弱面破坏准则,考虑弱面产状、各向异性、井眼轨迹的影响,建立硬脆性泥页岩坍塌压力的计算模型,分析不同地应力状态下的地层力学各向异性对坍塌压力的影响,确定钻井的安全及危险分布区域.结...     

侧扫声纳声线反射和折射干扰的实验分析

介绍了侧扫声纳由自身声源反射和折射衍生的两种干扰波的形成机理,提出以绘制声线图进行分析的研究方法,着重通过海上实作验证了温度跃层产生的声线弯曲对声纳的影响特点,为外业工作的设计和施测提供了几点建议。     

乌鲁木齐及周边地区新冠疫情前后背景噪声分析

选取2019年1月至2022年12月乌鲁木齐及周边地区14个测震台站垂直分量波形记录,通过计算PSD（功率谱密度）和PDF（概率密度函数）,统计不同频段功率谱密度分布情况,对比乌鲁木齐及周边地区疫情前后背景噪声变化特征,并结合大数据探讨人口迁徙与背景噪声变化的相关性。同时计算了疫情前后研究区最小完备震级（Mc）,对比分析其地震监测能力变化特征。结果表明：研究区地震背景噪声水平受疫情影响出现不同程度的下降,高频段（1～35 Hz）最大下降幅度为36.6 dB,部分台站长周期频段下降突出,这是人类活动间接影响的;上述变化与人口迁徙大数据变化呈现了极大的正相关。此外在疫情封闭期间,地震监测能力并没有明显的提高,但部分台站获得更为清晰的震相记录。     

大同市地裂缝三维断层形变测量值与辅助温度的相关分析

简要介绍同车公司地裂缝观测站情况,以2013年至2016年数字化改造后的观测数据为基础,结合仪器工作原理,分析三维断层形变测量仪测值与观测仪两端辅助温度测值的关系。结果表明,地裂缝三维断层形变观测中,垂直向DFG观测受地裂缝两端辅助温度影响较显著,地裂缝垂直形变变化是热形变效应和断层运动信息的综合反映。     

棉花主要生育阶段水分指标

根据田间试验资料,对棉花的气孔阻力进行了分析。结果表明,气孔阻力与土壤湿度呈指数关系。另外,还运用数学方法和最优分割理论,确定了棉花主要生育阶段适宜的土壤水分指标和干旱指标。     

地基干涉雷达地面灾害监测数据可视化方法

针对目前对地基干涉雷达监测数据的可视化程度偏低,可视化效果涵盖信息不够丰富的现状,该文以地基干涉雷达系统的露天矿区边坡地面灾害监测为例,实现了多样化的可视化效果。该方法利用遥感影像和人工测量高程数据,丰富了可视化中的地表覆盖信息和地形起伏情况等重要信息,具有结果数据和过程数据的多样化可视化方式。结果表明,该方法改善了单一的地基干涉雷达系统监测数据的可视化效果,充分发挥了其形变预警分析功能。     

Time-domain analysis of second-harmonic generation of primary Lamb wave propagation in an elastic plate

Within the second-order perturbation approximation, this paper investigates the physical process of generation of the time-domain second harmonic by a primary Lamb wave waveform in an elastic plate. The present work is performed based on the preconditions that the phase velocity matching is satisfied and that the transfer of energy from the primary Lamb wave to the double frequency Lamb wave is not zero. It investigates the influences of the difference between the group velocities of the primary Lamb wave and the double frequency Lamb wave, the propagation distance and the duration of the primary Lamb wave waveform on the envelope shape of the time-domain second harmonic. It finds that the maximum magnitude of the envelope of the second-harmonic waveform can grow within some propagation distance even if the condition of group velocity matching is not satisfied. Our analyses also indicate that the maximum magnitude of the envelope of the second-harmonic waveform is kept constant beyond a specific propagation distance. Furthermore, it concludes that the integration amplitude of the time-domain second-harmonic waveform always grows with propagation distance within the second-order perturbation. The present research yields new physical insight not previously available into the effect of generation of the time-domain second harmonic by propagation of a primary Lamb wave waveform.     

Study of A Geo-Acoustic Model of Gas-Bearing Sediment and Its Application in Sediment with Low Acoustic Veloctiy

A new geo-acoustic model for gas-bearing sediment is proposed based on the work of Dvorkin and Prasad, and Biot theory. Only five geophysical parameters: sediment mineral composition, free gas saturation, tortuosity (also known as the structure factor), permeability, and porosity, are considered in the model. A benefit of this model is that we need only five parameters instead of ten parameters in the Biot's formulas for acoustic velocity and attenuation calculation. Here the model is demonstrated with the in-situ experimental data collected from the Hangzhou Bay, China. The results of this study suggest that free gas content in sediment is the most critical condition resulting in a low acoustic velocity (compressional wave). The respective contributions of the other four parameters in the model are also discussed.