Magmatic Evolution and Mineralization of Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits in the Duolong Ore Concentration Area, Tibet

<正>The Bangong Lake-Nujiang River metallogenic belt is located between the Qiangtang Block and Lhasa Block,and the Duolong ore concentration area is located in the western section of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang River metallogenic belt.Till now,several large and super large copper-gold deposits,such as Duobuza,Bolong,     

断裂构造的分形研究及其地质应用

文章详细总结了断裂构造分形研究的理论基础及其在地质研究中的应用，断裂构造的分维值可以定量描述断裂分布的复杂性和构造演化的成熟度，它是断层数,规模，发育程度，组合方式及动力学的体现，断裂的分形结构特征与流体劝，油气运移成藏和矿床的形成有着十分密切的关系，断裂的分维值越高，断裂连通性越高，越有利于流体流动汇聚和矿床的形成。此外，还可以从活动断裂的分形分析来研究断层的活动性及其与区域地壳稳定性，进行地震预测。文中总结了目前断裂分形研究研究中存在的一些问题和改进方法以及今后研究的主要方向。     

广东大宝山多金属矿床两期成矿:来自黑色炭质泥岩和辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年的证据

广东省大宝山多金属矿床位于南岭成矿带中段南侧,为多因复成矿床,包括喷流沉积型Cu-Pb-Zn矿床和叠加斑岩-矽卡岩型W-Mo矿床。系统的野外考察发现,喷流沉积型Cu-Pb-Zn矿床主要以层状-似层状、透镜状和角砾状矿体赋存于中泥盆统棋梓桥组,具有典型喷流沉积型矿床特征;斑岩-矽卡岩型W-Mo矿床主要以斑岩型和矽卡岩型矿体围绕大宝山燕山期花岗闪长(斑)岩产出或叠加在喷流沉积形成的层状-似层状矿体之上。对矿区内斑岩-矽卡岩型W-Mo矿床中辉钼矿和喷流沉积型Cu-Pb-Zn矿床中炭质泥岩进行Re-Os同位素定年研究表明,辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为163.6?1.0 Ma(MSWD=0.58),代表了斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床的形成年龄;炭质泥岩Re-Os等时线年龄为387.6?9.9 Ma(MSWD=56),代表同沉积矿床即喷流沉积矿床形成年龄。这反映大宝山多金属矿床至少存在两期重要的成矿事件:斑岩-矽卡岩型W-Mo矿床形成与燕山期中酸性岩浆活动相关,层状-似层状Cu-Pb-Zn矿床形成与海西期海底热液喷流沉积相关。     

嘉陵江干流地质环境问题与对策

嘉陵江是长江水系中流域面积最大的支流,也是我国南方最大的产沙河流。嘉陵江干流地处青藏高原与长江中下游平原之间的过渡带,其植被覆盖率平均为13.5%。区内主要地质环境问题有水土流失、泥沙淤积、库岸再造失稳、地质灾害等。其中水土流失问题尤为突出,嘉陵江干流水土流失面积约20 729 km2,占干流总面积的49.98%;嘉陵江河口多年平均输沙量达1.51×108t,多年平均含沙量2.25 kg/m3。近年来随着"长治"工程和"天保"工程的实施,水土流失逐渐减弱,地质环境质量渐趋好转。建议采取退耕还林还草、重大地质灾害隐患工程治理、渠化两岸、避让搬迁和监测等措施,全面推行地质环境影响评价,保护地质环境,防治水土流失和地质灾害,实现可持续发展。     

滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统构建和找矿实践

南盘江—右江成矿区作为中国南方集中产出卡林型金矿的地区,是我国最重要的金资源产地之一。笔者等通过沉积系统、地层系统、岩石系统、构造系统、年代系统、物质系统、就位系统、动力学系统的研究,拓展了构造蚀变体的内涵,建立其判别指标,明确其既可产出于不整合面之间,亦可在能干性差异大的岩层之间,构建了中国南方卡林型金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统,建立了贵州卡林型金矿区域找矿预测综合模型。笔者等基于构建的成矿系统和预测模型,开展了区域成矿预测,圈定找矿靶区,进行了理论指导下的找矿实践,实现了贵州卡林型金矿的历史性突破。     

Absorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Machine Oil by Exfoliated Graphite-Supported Nanometer TiO2 Material

By loading nanometer anatase onto exfoliated graphite with the sol-gel method, exfoliated graphite-TiO2 composite （EG-TiO2） can be prepared, which can adsorb oil and can also degrade oil. In a technologic condition for preparing EG-TiO2, the impregnated number of times is the most important factor to influence oil-adsorbing capability, that is, when the impregnated number of times increases, the amount of saturation-adsorbed oil decreases. The study of EG-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of machine oil based on the weight-loss method and infrared spectrum method indicates that EG-TiO2 has obvious effect of photocatalytic degradation for machine oil. Its performance is superior to pure nanometer TiO2 powder because nanometer TiO2 in EG-TiO2 has three-dimension laminar structure and comparatively high adsorption capability.     

氧化锰矿物的生物成因及其性质的研究进展

土壤中的氧化锰矿物是原生矿物风化和成土过程的产物,是最具反应活性的一类矿物,决定着环境中许多物质的形态、迁移和转化,在元素生物地球化学循环中起着重要的作用,其形成机制和环境效应备受关注。已有的研究表明,环境中氧化锰的形成与微生物作用紧密相关,微生物作用可使自然环境中的Mn(Ⅱ)氧化速率提高105倍。参与Mn(Ⅱ)氧化的微生物在环境中广泛存在,已知的典型锰氧化细菌分布在变形菌门、放线菌门或厚壁菌门,它们均通过胞外聚合物中的多铜氧化酶来催化氧化Mn(Ⅱ)。细菌氧化Mn(II)成Mn(Ⅳ)是酶催化的两个连续的快速单电子传递过程,Mn(Ⅲ)在溶液中以与酶结合的瞬时中间态出现。生物形成氧化锰的最初形态为层状锰矿物,与δ-MnO2或酸性水钠锰矿很类似,且结晶弱,粒径小,锰氧化度高,结构中的八面体空穴多,因而比化学形成的氧化锰具有更强的吸附、氧化等表面活性。环境中Mn(Ⅱ)微生物氧化及形成的Mn(Ⅲ)中间体与碳、氮、硫等生命元素的地球化学循环的关系令人关注。     

音频大地电磁法在地下水质评价中的应用

以西北某区的地下水勘查为例,对音频大地电磁法的野外工作方法技术作了较详细的介绍,并对其应用效果进行分析。音频大地电磁法因其装备相对轻便,勘探深度相对较大,应用效果良好,在地下水勘查中有着广泛的应用前景。     

Estimation of Hourly Solar Radiation at the Surface under Cloudless Conditions on the Tibetan Plateau Using a Simple Radiation Model

In this study,the clear sky hourly global and net solar irradiances at the surface determined using SUNFLUX,a simple parameterization scheme,for three stations(Gaize,Naqu,and Lhasa) on the Tibetan Plateau were evaluated against observation data.Our modeled results agree well with observations.The correlation coefficients between modeled and observed values were > 0.99 for all three stations.The relative error of modeled results,in average was < 7%,and the root-mean-square variance was < 27 W m 2.The solar irradiances in the radiation model were slightly overestimated compared with observation data;there were at least two likely causes.First,the radiative effects of aerosols were not included in the radiation model.Second,solar irradiances determined by thermopile pyranometers include a thermal offset error that causes solar radiation to be slightly underestimated.The solar radiation absorbed by the ozone and water vapor was estimated.The results show that monthly mean solar radiation absorbed by the ozone is < 2% of the global solar radiation(< 14 W m 2).Solar radiation absorbed by water vapor is stronger in summer than in winter.The maximum amount of monthly mean solar radiation absorbed by water vapor can be up to 13% of the global solar radiation(95 W m 2).This indicates that water vapor measurements with high precision are very important for precise determination of solar radiation.     

天气预报分析型数据模型及生成

将原始数据转换为分析型数据,增强用户对海量数据的分析能力,是数据仓库技术最核心、最有价值的思想,也是数据仓库在气象领域应用的基础。该文针对天气预报领域数据空间性、瞬变性、物理性和多尺度性等特点,提出了五元组描述的天气预报分析型数据概念模型;总结了生成分析型数据的固定区域统计、划分区域统计、基本天气系统识别和天气学概念模型识别4种聚集变换,并对其关键技术进行了讨论。提出了基本天气系统自动识别的滤波-划分-测量算法,探讨了针对气象数据特点的模糊空间关系,定义了进行天气学概念模型识别的空间模糊产生式规则,并针对空间数据给出了定位条件等扩展。