低空风切变的分析与预报

低空风切变是飞机起飞和着陆阶段威胁飞行安全的主要危险天气，分为水平风的垂直切变、水平风的水平切变、垂直气流切变三种类型。低空风切变主要是由大气运动的变化所造成，强对流天气、锋面天气、低空急流天气都可能引起低空风切变；另外，特别的地理环境也是不容忽视的因素。     

共享存储中一种基于流量均衡的队列门限控制算法

提出了使用流量压力均衡作为设置每队列门限的主要依据,让系统的各个端口分担大体相同的流量压力。各个端口的门限控制使得公共存储空间既能够保持在平均意义下的平衡,又能实现突发时段的调剂。模拟结果显示,该算法的效率大大高于传统的动态门限算法。     

Preliminary study on the spore-pollen assemblages found in the Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in Grove Mountains, east Antarctica and its climatic implications

Glaciogene sedimentary rocks have been found in modem tills of the Grove Mountains, east Antarctica during the 1998 - 1999 Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition （CHNARE）. Based on the lithilogic and sedimentary features, these sedimentary rocks are correlated with Cenozoic sedimentary strata of the Pagodroma Group in the neighboring Prince Charles Mountains and the Sorsdal Formation in VestFold Hills. Sedimentary clasts contain sparsely Late Tertiary spores and pollens, including ： Toroisporis （ Lygodiaceae）, Osmunda, Granulatisporites （ Pteridaceae？） , Polypodiaceae, Podocarpus , Araucariaceae, Artemisia , Rhus , Nothofagidites , Proteacidites （Proteaceae） , Quercus , Fraxinoipollenites （ Oleaceae ） , Oleoidearumpollenites（ Oleaceae ）, Operculumpollis, and Tricolpopollenites. Most of the pollen and spores contained in these samples originate from local sources according to the conditions of their preservations as well as correlations with the microfossil assemblages found in the neighboring areas. The majority of the pollen assemblages, as represented by Podocarpus and Nothofagus, belong to the Weddellian biogeocenose, however some exotic components from the old sedimentary basement rocks may have been included during erosion of the proximal ice sheet. If the source areas of glaciogenic sedimentary rocks that bear the pollen and spores are assumed to be local, or in the up glacier areas, the pollen assemblages in these samples might represent an inland flora during a warmer period of the ice-sheet evolutionary history. The finding of the Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae in the pollen assemblages implies that they may belong to late Tertiary （most probably Pliocene）. The absence of diatoms in the samples analyzed may indicate that there are no Cenozoic marine strata in the interior of the east Antarctica beyond the Grove Mountains. The significances of the finding of the Nothofagus in these pollen assemblages are discussed on the basis of current knowledge about the age, distribution and ecological conditions of this kind of fossils found in Sirius Group or other strata outcropped in Antarctica. As a preliminary conclusion, we think that the existence of the Cenozoic glaciogenenic rocks and their pollen assemblages present new evidence for a large scale glacial retreat history in Grove Mountains of east Antarctica, and thus support a dynamic East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）. This is consistent with the interpretations of Webb et al. （1984）.     

新疆气候“湿干转折”的信号和影响探讨

新疆是对全球变化响应最敏感地区之一,分析全球变暖背景下新疆干湿气候变化及其影响,对应对和适应未来气候变化带来的影响具有重要意义。基于气象水文观测资料,对新疆区域干湿气候变化及其影响评估进行了探讨。结果表明：① 20世纪80年代中后期以来新疆气温升高,降水量增加,呈“暖湿化”特征;但1997年之后,干旱变化趋势、干旱频率、干旱发生月份等均有明显增加,导致70%以上的区域变干,新疆气候出现了从“暖湿化”向“暖干化”转折的强烈信号,即发生了“湿干转折”;② 新疆气候转折对区域生态和水资源造成明显的影响,归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）经历了先增后减的变化过程,1982—1997年植被趋于“变绿”,但1997年之后植被长势迟滞,土壤水分明显下降,生态逆转,生态负效应凸显;③ 新疆河流径流变化出现明显的区域差异,对干湿气候转折响应复杂,受冰雪融水对径流补给比例的影响,发源于天山的河流径流对区域干湿变化有正响应,但发源于昆仑山的河流径流响应不明显。研究结果表明气候“湿干转折”和极端气候事件加剧背景下新疆干旱化急剧增加,水循环系统和生态系统不稳定性加剧,相关成果可为区域干旱灾害防灾减灾和风险管理提供有价值的决策参考。     

海底双相随机介质声反射的SVM神经网络分类识别研究

考虑海底沉积介质为双相介质,为了更好地模拟实际海底底质的不均匀性,将随机介质理论引入双相介质理论。首先,通过基于随机-双相介质理论的高阶有限差分数值技术模拟计算海底底质分别为泥质砂、泥、泥质砾时的地震反射波信号。然后利用小波变换分别求取不同底质的一次反射波的包络作为其特征向量,最后利用基于粒子群智能算法优化的支持向量机神经网络对这些反射波信号进行分类识别。为了进一步考察所用方法的抗噪能力,对正演得到的海底底质反射波信号分别加入10%、30%、50%的高斯白噪音之后再进行分类,支持向量机仍然取得了较好的分类预测效果。基于上述正演模拟及分类识别方法的论证,提出了一套行之有效的微机软件模拟海底沉积物分类识别的一般化流程,这将有利于开展海底沉积物反射特征的进一步研究。     

1998年清江流域主汛期4次致洪暴雨天气分析

应用物理量诊断方法分析了１９９８年主汛期清江流域４次致洪暴雨成因。结果表明,４次致洪暴雨均为５００ｈＰａ青藏高原低槽沿副高西北外围东移过程与中低层低涡切变线配合所造成;而各次暴雨前,该流域中尺度辐合系统及物理量场基本一致,这对暴雨发生起了主导作用。     

内蒙古察干淖尔盐湖29-8ka时段的湖面波动

以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗的察干淖尔盐湖为研究对象,利用OSL(Optically Stimulated Luminescence)测年技术和DEM(Digital Elevation Model)数字高程模型,重建湖面波动历史,探讨湖泊形成与环境变化过程.通过对察干淖尔盐湖周边大量的野外考察,发现湖泊周围存在海拔高程为1020、978和973 m的三级古湖岸阶地,其OSL测年结果分别为29.2±1.3、18.4±0.8及8.2 8.0 ka.通过湖岸阶地高程恢复的上述3个时期的古湖面积分别为3600、500和400 km~2.与现今的干旱盐湖景观迥然不同.     

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FAST射电望远镜天文轨迹规划

针对我国500 m球面射电望远镜天线(FAST),提出了一体化天文轨迹规划;给出了详细的数学模型及推导分析。相对于当前采用的FAST轨迹规划,该方法使得馈源位置和反射面位置的控制误差可以相互补偿。指出当馈源系统和反射面系统具有相同的测控延迟误差时,并不影响FAST天线的性能。