南极普里兹湾真光层下水体中有机碳和无机碳的分解比例的估算

本文利用中国第25次南极科学考察数据,运用数学模型对南极普里兹湾有机碳与无机碳的分解比及上层水体POC的再矿化效率进行了估算。结果表明:普里兹湾及其邻近海域POC的浓度范围为24.38~446.40μg?dm-3,平均值为118.16μg?dm-3。在普里兹湾P2断面陆架区,上层水体中的有机碳和无机碳向下层水体输出埋藏过程中,两者分解速率比为1.27（摩尔比）,根据相关结果我们推测上层水体中的颗粒有机碳向底层输出埋藏的过程中有81%发生了转化重新参与海洋碳循环。     

北极现代沉积物中正构烷烃的分子组合特征及其与不同纬度的海域对比

北极海域楚科奇海和白令海表层沉积物的正构烷烃气相色谱图呈双峰群分布,楚科奇海正构烷烃分子组合特征高碳数峰群MH(主峰碳)在nC25-nC33、低碳数峰群MH在nC16-nC20范围;白令海高碳数峰群MH在nC25-nC27、低碳数峰群MH在nC17-nC22范围。两海域的OEP(奇偶优势指数)各为0.9-3.81、0.409-3.26;C-23/C+24比值为0.18-1.53、0.40-2.57之间;TABHC(陆/水生类脂物)比值在0.57-11.35、0.32-5.97之间。根据分子组合特征表明楚科奇海的陆源物质输入要比白令海大,而白令海的表层生产力又比楚科奇海高。本文将北极海域现代沉积过程中的正构烷烃分子组合特征与南极进行对比,同时又将高纬度海域与低纬度海域渤海、黄海、东海和南海进行对比,研究发现由高纬度北极到低纬度海域的陆源输入特征依次减弱,而海洋生物自身起源特征加强。不同纬度海域的表层沉积物中正构烷烃呈现出不同的分子组合差异,受到现代海洋沉积过程中物质来源、环境、气候诸多因素的影响。     

Contents and benthic fluxes of nutrients in sediment pore water of the Southern Ocean

The concentration and profile characters of nutrients in sediment pore water of the South Ocean, sampled during the cruise of CHINARE-18 of the austral summer 2001/02 were determined. The results show that the content of SiO3-Si and NH4-N were much higher than other nutrients. The profile of SiO3-Si was characterized with sharp gradients near the sediment-water interface, profile distribution of silicate show that during the diagenetic reaction of silicate, dissolution was the main part. The organic matter decomposition was occurred under the anaerobic condition. Benthic fluxes of SiO3-Si, NH4-N were from pore water to overlying water, and regeneration of silicate and ammonium were the main part of the nutrient regeneration from the pore water of the study area.