大兴安岭地区近30a大风天气变化的特征分析

本文利用大兴安岭地区1979-2008年6个县(区)的气象资料,对大兴安岭地区大风天气发生的地理分布和月、季、年代的变化分布特征进行了统计分析,并对其大风天气的地理分布特征及变化规律从地形、地理环境条件及大气环流转换等方面作了进一步的研究,以便更好的为大风天气的预报提供气候背景。     

云南镇雄茅口组硅质岩稀土元素地球化学特征及沉积背景浅析

镇雄地区二叠系茅口组灰岩中部发育薄层状硅质岩夹层,本次工作对漆树湾及石场坝路线茅口组中部硅质岩夹层采取样品10件,并将样品磨制成薄片10片。对薄片进行镜下观察发现,硅质岩内普遍发育富液相气液两相流体包裹体。通过对所取10块硅质岩进行稀土元素分析测试,结果表明,稀土元素总量较低,LREE/HREE平均值范围为13.47～34.02;Ce/Ce~*平均值变化范围为0.29～0.51,为负异常;Eu/Eu~*平均值变化范围为1.19～1.31,为弱正异常。对比扬子地台南北缘二叠系层状硅质岩稀土元素特征发现,扬子地台西部镇雄地区层状硅质岩稀土元素地球化学特征与扬子南北缘层状硅质岩整体差异较大。但(La/Yb)_N,(La/Ce)_N等部分地球化学参数与扬子南缘相对接近,体现出二者具有一定的亲缘性。综合分析认为,镇雄地区二叠系茅口组硅质岩形成于受峨眉山玄武岩活动影响的陆表海环境背景,硅质岩以热水沉积成因为主。     

渤海海域多源遥感溢油风险评价与长序监测

渤海海域溢油事件频发,所以进行海洋溢油风险时空特征分析,对于开展卫星遥感溢油精确监测具有重要意义.作者采用多源高分辨率卫星遥感数据,提取渤海海域船舶及石油平台两类主要溢油风险源分布状况,结合2015—2020年间渤海海域海上溢油卫星遥感监测结果,分析多种传感器下不同类型溢油的成像特征,通过溢油风险源核密度分析方法,获得...     

土壤测量样品处理方法对金异常圈定的影响与应用——以湘东北棉花坡矿区为例

在地质勘探的普查和详查工作中,土壤地球化学的指示作用是重要的决定性因素之一。随着地表及浅部矿产的开发,边深部盲矿体的找矿难度不断加大。按照目前的样品处理方法及技术要求,岩金矿区的矿化地段土壤测量分析数据被削弱,元素异常下限值偏低。为了解决异常贫化带来的异常圈定问题,本次研究对土壤样品的加工进行改进和调整。首次提出将野外采取的金矿土壤测量样细分,烘干处理后,不再进行过筛处理,并在湘东北醴陵市棉花坡金矿区的找矿普查工作中应用。对该区金矿土壤测量样品野外加工过筛与不过筛检测结果对比分析,未过筛样品能更客观、真实地反映矿区Au元素异常值情况,有利于指导找矿,取得了良好的找矿效果。因此,本次试验工作方法对指导类似金矿区土壤测量样品野外加工处理具有一定的借鉴意义。     

藏南拿日雍错片麻岩穹窿中新世淡色花岗岩的形成过程:变泥质岩部分熔融与分离结晶作用

拿日雍错片麻岩穹窿位于特提斯喜马拉雅带的东部,穹窿边部淡色花岗岩脉形成于21.8±0.3Ma,穹窿核部主体淡色花岗岩的结晶年龄为20.1±0.1Ma,其中1件样品记录了~17.3Ma热液蚀变事件。大部分淡色花岗岩具有以下特征:(1)较高的Si O2(72.9%),Al2O3(14.7%)和A/CNK(1.1),较低的Fe O、Mg O、Mn O和Ti O2;(2)高度变化的大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Sr、Ba)和高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Hf、Th)和Rb/Sr、Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf比值;(3)富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,Eu和Nd都显示负异常(Eu/Eu*0.7,Nd/Nd*=0.5~0.8);(4)Sr同位素比值变化范围较大(87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.7132~0.7330),但Nd同位素比值一致(εNd(t)=-12.4~-10.9)。这些特征表明:拿日雍错淡色花岗岩形成于20Ma,是变泥质岩部分熔融作用的产物,经历了不同程度的斜长石、锆石、独居石、磷灰石、富Ti矿物等的分离结晶作用。     

Steroid sex hormone dynamics during estradiol-17β induced gonadal differentiation in Paralichthys olivaceus(Teleostei)

Steroid sex hormones,such as estradiol-17β(E2)and testosterone(T),are important regulators of sex change in fish.In this study,we examined the effects of E2 treatment on the dynamics of E2 and T during gonadal differentiation in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus using histology and radioimmunoassay(RIA).Flounder larvae were divided into five groups(G0–G4),and fed with 0 (control),0.2,2,20 and 100 mg E2/kg feed from 35 to 110 day post hatching(dph).Fish growth in the G1 and G2 groups was not significantly different from that of the control group(P0.05),while fish in the G3 and G4 groups were less active and showed growth depression and high mortality.The gonads of fish in the G3 and G4 groups were smaller and surrounded by hyperplastic connective tissue.The frequency of females in the G0–G4 groups was 54.5%,75.0%,100%,100%and 93.3%,respectively.The RIA analyses of E2 and T showed that T levels decreased during gonadal differentiation,and increased slightly at the onset of ovarian differentiation,while E2 levels increased gradually and peaked at the onset of ovarian differentiation in the control group.In the E2-treated groups,T levels decreased before the onset of ovarian differentiation.E2 levels were high on the 48 dph,but declined to a lower level on the 54 dph, and then increased gradually during gonadal differentiation.And a sharp increase of E2 levels were observed in all E2-treated groups at the onset of ovarian differentiation.The data suggest that T and E2 play important roles during gonadal differentiation,and an E2 dose of 2 mg/kg feed could induce sex reversal in P.olivaceus.     

Steroid sex hormone dynamics during estradiol-17β induced gonadal differentiation in Paralichthys olivaceus (Teleostei)

Steroid sex hormones, such as estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone (T), are important regulators of sex change in fish. In this study, we examined the effects of E2 treatment on the dynamics of E2 and T during gonadal differentiation in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus using histology and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Flounder larvae were divided into five groups (G0-G4), and fed with 0 (control), 0.2, 2, 20 and 100 mg E2/kg feed from 35 to 110 day post hatching (dph). Fish growth in the G1 and G2 groups was not significantly different from that of the control group (P>0.05), while fish in the G3 and G4 groups were less active and showed growth depression and high mortality. The gonads of fish in the G3 and G4 groups were smaller and surrounded by hyperplastic connective tissue. The frequency of females in the G0-G4 groups was 54.5%, 75.0%, 100%, 100% and 93.3%, respectively. The RIA analyses of E2 and T showed that T levels decreased during gonadal differentiation, and increased slightly at the onset of ovarian differentiation, while E2 levels increased gradually and peaked at the onset of ovarian differentiation in the control group. In the E2-treated groups, T levels decreased before the onset of ovarian differentiation. E2 levels were high on the 48 dph, but declined to a lower level on the 54 dph, and then increased gradually during gonadal differentiation. And a sharp increase of E2 levels were observed in all E2-treated groups at the onset of ovarian differentiation. The data suggest that T and E2 play important roles during gonadal differentiation, and an E2 dose of 2 mg/kg feed could induce sex reversal in P. olivaceus.     

黄河三角洲湿地高光谱遥感研究进展

黄河三角洲湿地是我国暖温带最广阔、最完整、最年轻的滨海湿地,是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的重要组成部分,具有重要的生态保护和科学研究价值。物种多样、生境复杂、变化剧烈是黄河三角洲湿地的重要特点,高光谱遥感是黄河三角洲湿地生态监测的重要技术手段。本文首先阐述了高光谱遥感在河口湿地开展植被、土壤和水质等基本要素监测方面的优势,之后重点综述了其在黄河三角洲滨海湿地开展植被遥感监测、土壤参数反演和水质参数反演的研究进展,最后基于黄河三角洲湿地生态监测现状,提出了高光谱遥感的未来需求和发展展望。     

柳林区块煤层气井煤粉产出影响因素分析

煤粉产出是影响煤层气开发的关键因素,查明煤粉产出的影响因素对于煤粉预防和管控具有重要意义。基于柳林区块的地质背景和煤层气开发情况,通过对现场排采井的生产曲线及排采过程和钻井过程中产出煤粉的研究,从静态因素和动态因素两方面分析了影响研究区煤层气井煤粉产出的控制因素。研究表明,由于煤粉问题导致修井作业造成的排采不连续对煤储层的伤害非常大,修井作业后重新排采,产气量很难恢复到原有的稳定产气水平。煤储层中镜质组和黏土矿物的占比越高,越容易产生煤粉。不同类型煤体结构煤储层产出煤粉浓度：Ⅲ类煤>Ⅱ类煤>Ⅰ类煤。煤层结构越复杂,含夹矸层数越多,越容易产生煤粉。多分支和单分支水平井产出的煤粉浓度普遍高于直井和定向井。水平井水平段井眼沿最大水平地应力方向钻进更容易产生煤粉,井斜越大越容易产生煤粉。排采速度突然增加,会导致煤粉产出增多,煤粉粒度呈现双峰分布。     

异常高压驱动石油运移成藏——鄂尔多斯盆地延长组多相态烃类沸腾包裹体证据

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组裂隙充填的方解石脉中含有大量多相态烃类包裹体,包括固体沥青+液态油+气态烃3相包裹体、气/液比差别很大(最小仅为5%,最大超过70%)的液态油+气态烃二相包裹体以及纯液态油包裹体、盐水+液态油+气态烃3相包裹体等。岩相学观察表明,这些不同相态烃类包裹体是被同时捕获形成的共生不混溶包裹体,气/液比不同的烃类包裹体具有相近的均一温度,分布范围较小(74 ℃～117 ℃),综合分析认为它们是在沸腾状态下被同时捕获的。不同相态烃类包裹体显微傅里叶红外光谱和荧光光谱不同,表明其烃类成分的差异。油/源对比研究表明烃类包裹体与长8油层的原油均来源于长7烃源岩。结合盆地区域构造演化分析认为,延长组长7油层组厚层烃源岩层在埋藏热演化和油气形成过程中出现的过剩压力,在早白垩世油气形成高峰阶段达到顶峰,鄂尔多斯盆地在晚白垩世抬升和剥蚀产生的卸载作用导致延长组长7烃源岩层在超高压下破裂,其中积聚的石油因压力突降而沸腾并沿裂隙排出并运移进入特低渗致密砂岩储层成藏。