瞬变电磁法对地下不同位置多个三维薄板探测能力的研究

以层状地层中多个位于不同位置和不同埋深的三维导电薄板为例,对瞬变电磁(TEM)法分辨地下多个三维异常体的能力进行了详细的分析和讨论.模型计算的结果表明,无论异常体与源的距离远近,TEM法对近地表的多个异常体分辨能力总是很好.当多个异常体在垂直方向排列时,TEM法对它们的探测能力最差;当它们以不同埋深沿测线方向排列时,埋深最浅和最近源的异常体最容易探测到;当夹在中间的异常体规模较小、埋深较大时,它的异常场容易被其它异常体所掩盖.总体上讲,无论在源下方还是在接收器下方,TEM法对水平方向多个异常体分辨能力优于垂向上的.     

Site-testing at the Muztagh-ata Site V. Nighttime Cloud Amount during the Last Five Years

The clarity of nights is the major factor that should be carefully considered for optical/infrared astronomical observatories in site-testing campaigns.Cloud coverage is directly related to the amount of time available for scientific observations at observatories.In this article,we report on the results of detailed night-time cloud statistics and continuous observing time derived from ground-based all-sky cameras(ASCs) at the Muztagh-ata site from 2017to 2021.Results obtained from acquisition da...     

准噶尔盆地玛南地区乌尔禾组砂砾岩类型及沉积模式

准噶尔盆地玛南地区乌尔禾组砂砾岩储层具较大规模勘探潜力.通过岩心观察、描述与测量,结合粒径及砾石成分微观分析,对玛南乌尔禾组砂砾岩储层进行岩石学特征、沉积序列与模式、沉积微相及展布特征的细化研究.研究表明,乌尔禾组砂砾岩分3种类型:含泥含砂砾岩、泥质砾岩、砂质细砾岩.砾石成分复杂,以基性至中酸性岩浆岩砾石为主,具体分3...     

多模网络RTK性能分析及在城市地形控制测量中的应用

为了研究基于BDS系统的多模CORS(Continuously Operating Reference System)网络RTK定位性能,本文在全球定位系统(GPS,Global Positioning System)的基础上融合BDS系统与GLONASS(Global Navigation Satellite System)系统,分别构建GPS/BDS双星CORS系统与GPS/BDS/GLONASS三星CORS系统,通过对比与分析双星系统与三星系统观测数据的解算精度,得出的结论为：双星CORS系统的内符合精度、外符合精度与时间序列精度较三星系统均更高,同时,双星系统、三星系统的平面精度要大于高程精度。将双星CORS系统应用于城市地形测绘中的控制测量中,结果表明,双星CORS系统能够在保证数据精度的前提下,提高外业作业效率。     

山东乳山金矿中金-银碲化物的矿物学特征与沉淀机理

通过显微鉴定和应用电子探针微束分析,查明乳山金矿中碲化物主要为碲银矿和碲金银矿,少量碲铅矿和碲铋矿,它们呈密切共生的集合体或联生体产出在黄铁矿等硫化物及石英等脉石矿物粒问或裂缝中。碲银矿和碲金银矿中Au含量变化较大,w（Au）为痕量至26．1％,与银呈负相关,与铋为正相关,可能是以类质同象形式替代Ag进入到碲银矿中;碲铅矿中未检测到金。金在金-银碲化物中的含量随温度降低而升高,相关矿物的形成顺序为碲银矿-碲金银矿-（碲金矿）。将金银碲化物成分投到Au-Ag-Te三元成分,共生图解上发现,它们都不是标准成分的端元矿物,推测这些碲化物（尤其是金银碲化物）是在非平衡状态下快速沉淀形成的,可能与含矿浠体的闻歇忡沸腾作用有关。     

Study of the Seismogenic Structure of the October 12th, 2019 MS5.2 Beiliu Earthquake, Guangxi, China

On October 12~(th),2019,a M_S5.2 earthquake occurred in Beiliu City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China,with a focal depth of 10 km. The epicenter is located in the junction of Guangxi and Guangdong where the moderate-strong earthquakes are relatively active. The highest intensity of this earthquake is estimated up to Ⅵ besides the isoseismic line showed an ellipse shape with a long axis trend in the NW direction.The aftershocks are not evenly distributed. The parameters of the focal mechanism solutions are: strike 346°,dip 85°,rake 19° for the nodal planeⅠ,and strike 254°,dip 71°,rake 175° for the nodal planeⅡ. The type of the coseismic fault is strikeslip. After analyzing these results above and the active faults near the epicenter,we get that the nodal planeⅠ is interpreted as the coseismic rupture plane and the BamaBobai Fault is a seismogenic structure of M_S5.2 Beiliu earthquake.     

跨界水利益共享:案例分析与理论探讨（英文）

跨界水利益共享是解决跨界水资源公平合理利用的一种方法。本文通过跨界水利益共享典型案例分析,系统探讨了跨界水利益共享理论。跨界水具有公共池塘资源性质,跨界水利益共享的主体是流域国,共享的利益包括防洪、发电、航运、灌溉、社会、文化等。利益共享模式主要有利益共同享有,责任共同承担;权利义务对等,利益平等分配;成本分摊,利益按比例共享;各取所需,利益公平分配等。利益共享的实现过程首先是数据和信息的共享;其次是利益的识别和评估,并对利益计算方法和分配达成共识;第三是建立机制,保障利益共享。利益共享的实现条件,第一要看流域国家是否有合作意愿;第二要看合作能否带来利益的增量,或者比单方面行动带来成本的降低;第三要看利益的分配是否公平合理,是否经得起时间的考验。     

滨海湿地生态修复若干问题探讨

滨海湿地是地球上生产力最高、生物多样性最丰富的生态系统之一,然而由于强烈的人为活动,滨海湿地遭到严重破坏甚至丧失。滨海湿地退化是世界各国普遍面临的问题,退化滨海湿地生态系统的修复也已成为国际上生态学研究的热点。本文在分析国内外研究进展的基础上,从生态退化诊断、修复目标、修复措施、修复监测、修复成效评估等几个关键问题对滨海湿地生态修复进行了探讨。滨海湿地生态退化诊断主要采用参照系统对比法,即选取退化生态系统干扰前、邻近未受干扰或干扰小、或参考多方面资料而构造的假设生态系统等作为参照进行对比;生态修复最终目标不是简单地恢复生态系统的结构和功能,更重要的是建立一个能自我维持、自我调控或在较少人为辅助下能健康运行的滨海湿地生态系统;生态修复途径包括自然恢复、人工促进生态修复和生态重建,只有在自然恢复不能实现的情况下,才考虑采取人工促进生态修复或生态重建;生态修复监测参数包括结构参数和功能参数,监测覆盖施工前、施工期和施工后全过程;滨海湿地生态修复成效评估需同时考虑生态结构、生态功能及生态服务。目前,我国滨海湿地生态修复尚存在退化机制及恢复机理认识不足;滨海湿地生态修复技术储备不足,关键技术不能满足需求;修复的区域空间尺度较小,系统性和完整性不足,缺乏国家和区域生态修复规划;滨海湿地生态修复后期管理、监测、成效评估不足。为此建议:①注重滨海湿地恢复生态学的基础理论研究;②强调滨海湿地生态修复的系统性、综合性和完整性,推动整体规划、区域统筹、系统修复;③加强典型滨海湿地的生态修复关键技术研发,如红树林生态系统功能恢复和提升技术,海草、盐沼植物等种苗人工繁殖和种植技术,珊瑚有性繁殖技术和珊瑚礁生态系统功能恢复技术等;④注重滨海湿地生态修复的后期管理及公众参与。     

Recent satellite-derived sea ice volume flux through the Fram Strait: 2011–2015

The Fram Strait(FS) is the primary region of sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean and thus plays an important role in regulating the amount of sea ice and fresh water entering the North Atlantic seas. A 5 a(2011–2015) sea ice thickness record retrieved from Cryo Sat-2 observations is used to derive a sea ice volume flux via the FS. Over this period, a mean winter accumulative volume flux(WAVF) based on sea ice drift data derived from passivemicrowave measurements, which are provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC) and the Institut Francais de Recherche pour d'Exploitation de la Mer(IFREMER), amounts to 1 029 km~3(NSIDC) and1 463 km~3(IFREMER), respectively. For this period, a mean monthly volume flux(area flux) difference between the estimates derived from the NSIDC and IFREMER drift data is –62 km~3 per month(–18×10~6 km~2 per month).Analysis reveals that this negative bias is mainly attributable to faster IFREMER drift speeds in comparison with slower NSIDC drift data. NSIDC-based sea ice volume flux estimates are compared with the results from the University of Bremen(UB), and the two products agree relatively well with a mean monthly bias of(5.7±45.9) km~3 per month for the period from January 2011 to August 2013. IFREMER-based volume flux is also in good agreement with previous results of the 1990 s. Compared with P1(1990/1991–1993/1994) and P2(2003/2004–2007/2008), the WAVF estimates indicate a decline of more than 600 km~3 in P3(2011/2012–2014/2015). Over the three periods, the variability and the decline in the sea ice volume flux are mainly attributable to sea ice motion changes, and second to sea ice thickness changes, and the least to sea ice concentration variations.     

基于ADS40的数字摄影测量生产体系研究与应用

ADS40是一种集成POS的高分辨率机载三线阵推扫型数字航空相机,针对ADS40成像特点,研究和设计ADS40摄影测量生产体系.重点研究直接对地定位、空三解决方案等关键技术问题,在仪器生产厂家推荐的技术方案基础上,提出改进的数据处理方案,显著提高ADS40定位精度和可靠性.在山西省以及全国其他省市的应用表明,所设计的ADS40摄影测量生产体系,能够满足基础测绘以及高精度大比例尺测图的要求.