基于DEM的单位汇水面积尺度转换(英文)

Specific Catchment Area (SCA) is defined as the upstream catchment area of a unit contour. As one of the key terrain parameters, it is widely used in the modeling of hydrology, soil erosion and ecological environment. However, SCA value changes significantly at different DEM resolutions, which inevitably affect terrain analysis results. SCA can be described as the ratio of Catchment Area (CA) and DEM grid length. In this paper, the scale effect of CA is firstly investigated. With Jiuyuangou Gully, a watershed about 70 km2 in northern Shaanxi Province of China, as the test area, it is found that the impacts of DEM scale on CA are different in spatial distribution. CA value in upslope location becomes bigger with the decrease of the DEM resolution. When the location is close to downstream areas the impact of DEM scale on CA is gradually weakening. The scale effect of CA can be concluded as a mathematic trend of exponential decline. Then, a downscaling model of SCA is put forward by introducing the scale factor and the location factor. The scaling model can realize the conversion of SCA value from a coarse DEM resolution to a finer one at pixel level. Experiment results show that the downscaled SCA was well revised, and consistent with SCA at the target resolution with respect to the statistical indexes, histogram and spatial distribution. With the advantages of no empirical parameters, the scaling model could be considered as a simple and objective model for SCA scaling in a rugged drainage area.     

秘鲁南部斑岩铜矿典型蚀变带矿物信息提取及找矿远景区圈定

不同斑岩铜矿的构造地质、成矿时代和控矿因素具有其特殊性, 所以需要针对具体的矿区开展地质调查以获取矿区标志性蚀变矿物组合信息, 从而利用遥感技术手段提取矿区蚀变信息, 确定找矿远景区.通过综合分析秘鲁南部斑岩铜矿地质特征、控矿因素, 确立了以泥化-绢英岩化和青磐岩化组合蚀变矿物带为遥感找矿指示标志, 并以ASTER数据为遥感数据源开展蚀变矿物信息提取技术研究, 结合已有矿区地质资料、高光谱影像和实地勘查结果, 验证了典型蚀变带矿物信息提取结果的可靠性, 另圈定了2处找矿远景区.在综合分析、梳理已有研究基础上, 构建了多光谱遥感找矿模式, 并在智利、阿根廷等其他多个斑岩铜矿区取得了较好的应用效果.      

基于高分辨率DEM的黄土地貌正负地形自动分割技术研究

黄土地貌正负地形自动分割是构建地表空间分布式机理-过程模型的基础。在分析黄土高原地区典型地貌坡面形态及汇流过程特征的基础上,提出了基于5m分辨率栅格DEM自动分割黄土正、负地形的技术方案。该方案首先利用坡面上下游栅格点的坡度对比识别沟沿线点,然后利用汇水模型提取沟沿线点约束的上游汇水区域,从而实现正、负地形的自动分割。在黄土塬区及丘陵沟壑区的实验结果表明,该方法的优点是提取精度高,人工干预少,在不同地貌类型区域内有很好的应用适宜性。     

哈密遥感地质资源评价综合应用野外试验场建设进展

遥感地质试验场是实现遥感地质资源评价综合应用的一个重要的基础平台,其建立是为了更好地适应国土资源遥感地质应用需要,满足遥感地质应用技术自身的发展以及遥感技术与其他技术方法协同发展的需求,提高地质调查的遥感地学定量化水平,避免遥感数据应用与推广的盲目性。为此,在中国地质调查局的领导和支持下,开展了我国遥感地质试验场的建设和研究工作。经过几年的不懈努力,目前哈密遥感地质试验场的野外试验场(简称试验场)已基本建立,初步具备了对外提供应用服务的能力。这里主要介绍了试验场的构成、功能和性能,以及试验场所能提供的服务方式及服务能力,以便广大的遥感地质工作者了解试验场的建设进展情况,并利用试验场开展遥感技术方法及基础理论等研究工作,群策群力共同推进试验场的建设和发展。     

基于DEM的山区气温地形修正模型——以陕西省耀县为例

In mountainous area, spatial interpolation is the traditional method to calculate air temperature by use of observed temperature data. Due to lack of sufficient observation data in mountainous areas many precise interpolation methods could give only coarse result which could not meet the demand of precision agriculture and local climate exploration. Based on DEMs of 25 m resolution, a reversed model is constructed, with which temperature is simulated to the corresponding slope unit from the solar radiation. Taking Yaoxian county as a test area, and mean monthly temperature data as basic information sources, which are collected from 15 weather stations around Yaoxian county in Shaanxi province from the year of 1970 to 2000, a simulation for the solar radiation cell by cell is completed. By simulating solar radiation at each slope and flat cell unit, the terrain revised temperature model could be realized. A comparison between the simulated temperature and the radiation temperature from TM6 thermal infrared image shows that the terrain improved model gets a finer temperature distribution at local level. The accuracy of simulated temperature in mountainous area is higher than it is in flat area.     

高光谱遥感油气探测技术

高光谱遥感探测技术已成为探测油气藏的前沿新技术之一.研究以油气微渗漏地表共生异常理论为基础, 采用基于小波主成份分析(principal component analysis, PCA)最大似然分类、端元提取分类、光谱库典型蚀变光谱分类和植被指数决策树分类方法, 对榆林典型稀疏植被地区的进行油气勘探, 提取了与烃异常相关的粘土、碳酸盐、植被异常等相关的专题信息产品, 得出综合异常区图.对照分析已知气井与油气异常区分布, 证明了油气微渗漏信息的提取与识别方法的有效性.      

基于多源遥感数据的矿物蚀变信息提取——以西藏甲玛铜多金属矿为例

以甲玛矿区的ETM+(TM)数据和Aster数据为数据源, 采用波段代数运算法和主成分分析法提取两种数据中的蚀变矿物信息, 然后将蚀变信息结果融合得到研究区矿物蚀变分布图。ETM+(TM)数据适合提取羟基、铁染、碳酸盐等基团(离子)信息, 为遥感找矿提供基础的技术支撑。Aster数据可以识别出更细化的蚀变矿物, 如方解石、褐铁矿、绿泥石、白云母和高岭石等。通过与研究区地质资料及前人勘探结果比对分析, 遥感矿物蚀变信息结果有效、可靠。      

资源一号02D高光谱影像内陆水体叶绿素a浓度反演

2019-09-12成功发射的资源一号02D卫星(ZY-102D)搭载了新一代可见短波红外高光谱相机AHSI(Advanced Hyperspectral Imager),其丰富的细分波段和较高的空间分辨率在内陆湖库水质监测方面具有较大潜力,但数据可用性有待分析和验证.本研究以中国华东和华北平原的典型富营养湖库(太湖、...