重庆秀山凉桥板溪群红子溪组凝灰岩SHRIMP锆石测年及其意义

关于板溪群的时代归属及其地层划分对比,一直以来存在较大争议,为此作者在重新研究了秀山—梵净山地区板溪群的沉积序列及其演化的基础上,首次对秀山凉桥地区的板溪群红子溪组顶部的晶屑凝灰岩进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年,研究显示板溪群早期的盆地扩张阶段结束于790Ma左右,随后盆地转入快速充填和差异升降阶段。地层对比研究表明,秀山—梵静山地区的板溪群沉积仅相当于黔东的下江群、湘西的板溪群下部,沉积时限为820～790Ma,是新元古代中期Rodinia裂解背景下的裂陷盆地的早期充填。     

气象灾情直报系统应用技巧

气象灾情收集上报是确保气象部门及时了解天气过程的灾害情况、部署气象服务工作的重要措施。中国气象局于2004年起先后向全国气象部门下发和升级了灾情直报系统1.0、2.0、2.1、2.2和2.3软件,该软件利用计算机的NOTES、FTP和Email进行灾情直报、快报、月报、年报、预警信号、决策材料、应急事件等相关文件的上传,加大了各级气象部门灾情收集上报力度,使气象灾情收集上报和统计工作有了很大进展。但有不少基层台站应用直报软件时灾情上报速度较慢或出现错误,致使气象灾情"快"报不快,甚至预警信号发布延误。根据陕西省近年来应用灾情直报系统V2.3软件中的存在问题和使用经验,介绍其使用技巧,为各级台站做好气象灾情直报工作     

RTK技术在航迹、航速测量中的应用与研究

为了确定桥梁的通航标准，给桥跨和桥墩位的设计提供基础资料，需要对各种船舶的航迹和航速进行测量，在比较和研究后选择了利用GPSRTK技术进行测量，经过实践检验，该方法不仅切实可行，而且大大提高了工作效率。     

新疆玉米趋势产量几种处理方法的比较

本文利用和田、喀什、阿克苏、哈密地区,沙湾县和莎车县的玉米单产资料,对调和权重法、正交多项式、线性不等权滑动平均、均值订正、分段直线和逻辑斯蒂曲线等趋势产量处理方法进行比较。结果表明调和权重法和正交多项式法最好;线性不等权滑动平均和分段直线平均法尚可应用;均值法和逻辑斯蒂法则不能应用。     

Long-term strength attenuation characteristics and yield criterion of frozen soil北大核心CSCD

Frozen soil is generally regarded as a strongly rheological geomaterial. The strength attenuation of frozen soil is an important inducement for disease and instability in subgrade engineering, pile engineering and artificial freezing construction. Few efforts have been made to investigate the attenuation characteristics of strength envelope surface for frozen soil under complex stress states experimentally and theoretically. Considering this, at a temperature of -6 ℃, a series of triaxial stress relaxation tests under various confining pressures were carried out on the frozen subgrade soil specimens at strength points. The degeneration of strength parameters and stress attenuation process of frozen soil under complex stress states were systematically studied. The degradation law and mechanism of cohesion and internal friction angle are synchronously revealed in the stress relaxation process. Testing results indicate that the stress relaxation process of compacted frozen soil is significantly influenced by confining pressure. The stress relaxation ratio is increasing linearly with the rise of confining pressure if the confining pressure is beyond 1. 5 MPa. The anti-relaxation ability of frozen soil is greatly reduced during high confining pressure conditions:the stress relaxation ratio of frozen soil is only 41. 94% under 1. 5 MPa, but exceeds 90. 30% under 16 MPa. The strength of frozen soil attenuates linearly with time in the semi-logarithmic coordinate system. When the confining pressure is higher than 1. 5 MPa, the strength attenuation rate of frozen soil increases with the rise of confining pressure. As the development of stress relaxation of frozen soil, cohesion decreases linearly but internal friction angle increases linearly with time in the semi-logarithmic coordinate system. It manifested that the cementation in frozen soil shows evident rheological features and it is a key inducement for strength attenuation. Moreover, the attenuation law and value of cohesion in frozen soil which is measured by triaxial stress relaxation test are similar to the spherical template indenter test results. This may provide a new test method for obtaining the long-term strength and cohesion of frozen soil. On the basis of test results, the stress states of frozen soil in all stress relaxation curves at 12 relaxation durations were captured, and the rate-dependent variation characteristics of strength envelope in p-q stress space were analyzed in detail. Under high confining pressures, the strength envelope of frozen soil shows different geometric features as time goes on. In addition to the decline of level, the strength surface exhibits clockwise rotation with time, and the third stage sharply decreases at first and then becomes flat. Based on the analysis of characteristics of experimental strength surface and evolution law of strength parameters during the stress relaxation process, a rate-dependent strength theory for frozen soil considering the stress relaxation effect is established in this paper. © 2022 Science Press (China). All rights reserved.     

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高分辨率遥感影像建筑物分级提取

高分辨率遥感影像建筑物信息自动提取是遥感应用研究中的一个热点问题,但由于受到成像条件不同、背景地物复杂、建筑物类型多样等多个因素的影响使得建筑物的自动提取仍然十分困难。为此,在综合考虑影像光谱、几何与上下文特征的基础上,提出了一种基于面向对象与形态学相结合的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物信息分级提取方法。该方法首先利用影像的多尺度及多方向Gabor小波变换结果提取建筑物特征点;然后采用面向对象的思想构建空间投票矩阵来度量每一个像素点属于建筑物区域的概率,从而提取出建筑物区域边界;最后在提取的建筑物区域内应用形态学建筑物指数实现建筑物信息的自动提取。实验结果表明,本文方法能够高效、高精度地完成复杂场景下的建筑物信息提取,且提取结果的正确性和完整性都优于效果较好的PanTex算法。