Macrofauna impact on Ulva rigida C. Ag. production and relationship with environmental variables in the lagoon of Venice

The grazing pressure of the macrofaunal invertebrates associated with the biomass of Ulva rigida in the Venice lagoon, their species composition and relationship with environmental variables have been studied. Fifteen sampling campaigns were carried out during different seasons both in the central basin of the lagoon, dominated by macroalgae (especially U. rigida C. Ag.) and in the southern basin, prevalently populated by seagrasses (especially Zostera marina L.). Replicate experiments were conducted in the field by exposing Ulva fronds in net cages of 10 and 1 mm (control) mesh-sizes to allow or prevent grazer entrance. The grazing pressure was determined as Ulva growth rate difference in the cages. In the absence of invertebrate herbivores, Ulva exhibited per cent relative growth rates (%RGRs) ranging from 1.5 to 9.5% day(-1), whereas in their presence the %RGRs were significantly lower (from -2.5 to 3.4% day(-1)) and frequently negative, especially in the station dominated by macroalgae. In this area, peak grazing rates and macrofauna biomasses of up to 8.6% day(-1) and 1,480 g m(-2) fwt (84.4 ash-free dry weight), respectively, were found. On the whole, during in field experiments in the Ulva-dominated station, herbivores removed an amount of biomass whose percentage ranged from 59 to 165% (mean: 103%) of the biomass yield (grazers excluded) found in the cages. These results suggest the possibility that grazers could act as an important factor affecting Ulva production in the Venice lagoon. Macrofauna populations were analysed by means of multivaliate techniques applied to biological variables only and biological and environmental variables together. Data of individual abundance, after a log(x + 1) transformation and the calculation of the Bray-Curtis matrix, were classified using the Cluster Analysis and ordinated by means of the Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) technique, in accordance with the strategies used in the study of multispecies distributions. Finally, biological and environmental variables were analysed together by means of correlation matrices and the Principal Component Analysis.     

六溴苯的合成研究

对直接溴化法合成六溴苯作了系统的研究,并对文献方法进行了一系列的改进。包括选择适当的摧化剂及其用量,使反应基本上在室温下进行;利用水汽蒸馏法驱除残余溴,可直接得到无色或近乎无色的纯净产物,而勿需进行还原脱溴,且得率较高。提出一种以溴化物形式回收副产物的方法。     

不规则波折射物理模型试验研究

作者曾发表过“不规则波折射的数学模型〔１〕。为了与数学模型的计算结果相互验证，在大连理工大学海岸及近海工程国家重点实验室进行了不规则波折射物理模型试验。试验研究结果表明：提出的“不规则波折射数学模型”对频谱采用等能量分割、对方向分布采用等间隔（Δθ＝ｃｏｓｎｔ）分割的组成波折射线性叠加法是合理的、可行的，可供港口及海岸工程规划、设计应用     

测量自动化系统中的水深值筛选方法及其应用

一、概述 随着水深测量自动化水平的提高,数字式水深资料产品逐步取代了人工手薄产品。外业测量效率的提高,相应地要求内业数据处理方法随之变革。数字式水深资料的特点是数据量大,反映地貌的精确度高。如何从海量的水深数据中尽可能多地提取有效信息,是我们面临的新任务。处理数字式水深资料的第一步就是数据筛选,由于数字式水深资料没有经过人工综合分析,而且采样频率提高,所以在模拟声图上     

长江口及其邻近海区的浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼的生态研究

1985年8月—1986年10月(2,9月除外),在长江口海区进行了鱼卵、仔鱼调查。结果表明,该海区系由淡水鱼类、半咸水鱼类和沿岸、近海鱼类四种生态类型组成的鱼类生态结构,具有特殊复杂的生态特点;其种类组成和数量分布,皆受长江径流、台湾暖流及黄海冷水团等水系的相互消长、交换而形成的错综复杂的海况条件所制约。目前该海区的鱼类种间数量对比关系发生变化。历史上的重要经济鱼类数量极少,而作为它们的主要饵料之一的鳀鱼数量却占绝对优势。这与渔业上的过度捕捞和滥捕有很大关系。因此,以发展增、养殖事业来转化和降低捕捞强度,对保护鱼类资源具有重大意义。     

1604年泉州海外大震的发震构造

1604年12月29日泉州海外发生了一次强烈地震。震中位于24°54′N、119°24′E,震级8级,震中烈度Ⅺ度,震源深度24—28公里。在震中区附近,城墙倾颓,房屋倒塌,击浪覆舟。地震顷刻,在兴化、泉州、漳州—龙海之间等平原地带,还出现地裂、喷水冒砂的地震形变带,其联线呈NE方向。这次地震,波及福建、浙江、江西及江苏、安徽、上海、湖南、湖北、广西、广东等省市的部分地区,影响最远记录约1000公里。据烈度分布编制的等震线图,极震区长轴为NE方向,与本区NE向构造走向一致。     

塑料薄膜采水器

塑料薄膜水袋式采水器,不同于国内外现有的采水器,与南生式、有机玻璃及硬塑料简式和CIT式相比,它具有许多优点。这种采水器是由主架、聚乙烯薄膜水袋和释放器三部分组成。其特点如下: 1.每架采水器配有6只聚乙烯薄膜水袋,每只水袋均可自由装卸,能装水样4000ml,每架采水器总容量为24000ml。一次采水完全可满足无机、有机和放射化学分析用量。也可根据需要调节采水量4000ml至24000ml。     

细弱红翎菜切段离体培养前后超微结构的变化

利用电子显微镜研究红藻的超微结构已有较多的报道,研究范围多侧重于细胞内细胞器的结构、细胞壁的组成、胞间联丝的形成、红藻淀粉的形态、孢子的形成,以及受精生物学等方面,但对在组织培养细胞分化过程中,其内部发生的超微结构变化的研究资料则较少。我们对红翎菜(Solieria tenuis Zhang et Xia)切段离体     

风应力涡度和边界力对东中国海环流的效应

多年来,很多国内外学者对东中国海环流的机理进行了研究。近几年,奚盘根等(1980)和冯士筰等(1981)基于f-坐标系的风涡度—热盐梯度全流方程分别数值地模拟了冬、夏季东中国海环流。他们指出,控制东中国海环流主要因子是边界