利用遥感手段进行地灾灾害编图的初步讨论—以印江县为例

利用正向地貌、逆向地貌，岩层倾角等值线，软质岩类区、硬质岩类区、软硬叠覆带分别代表控制地质灾害发育的地貌因素、构造因素、地层因素等编制区域地质灾害图是一种新的尝试。它在一定程度上较准确地反映出地质灾害发育的内在规律。遥感手段的应用使得编图更加经济、准确、快捷、方便。     

澥浦镇地籍调查成果获国家优秀成果二等奖

国家土地管理局一九九二年度土地调查优秀成果评审最近在北京揭晓，宁波市镇海区澥浦镇地籍调查成果荣获国家土地调查优秀成果二等奖，这也是该项成果第三次获奖。     

方目网囊对蓝圆Shen和多齿蛇鲻的选择性比较

为检测方目网囊对蓝圆Shen和多齿蛇鲻的选择作用，2000年11－12月在南海北部海域试验了4种目大的方目网囊。结果表明，方形网目网囊有利于释放纺缍形（如蓝圆Shen），圆形或近圆形（如多齿蛇鲻）两种形体鱼类的小，幼鱼，且对后者的释放效果更好。当网囊目大分别为45，50mm时，蓝圆Shen的50％选择体长（L0．5）分别为121.22,128.77mm；当网囊目大分别为40，45，50mm时，多齿蛇鲻的L0．5分别为124.12,126.75,139.32mm。通过不同目大网囊对蓝圆Shen，多齿蛇鲻选择性比较分析，发现50mm目大方目网囊的选择效果效果优于40，45mm目大的网囊，因此，在南海区拖网渔业中采用50mm目大的方目网囊是必要的，同时建议将150mm作为蓝圆Shen，多齿蛇鲻的最小可捕叉长标准。     

鱼肉液体制曲的工艺条件

研究在鱼鲜酱油的酿制中，采用鱼肉液体制曲提高蛋白利用率并利用制曲过程去除鱼腥味。探讨了制曲温度，制曲时间，种曲添加量对鱼肉液体制曲的影响，分析了液体曲的蛋白酶活力和制曲过程对鱼腥物质三甲胺（TMA）的消除情况。结果表明，制曲温度为40℃，制曲时间为24h，种曲添加量0．4％为最佳制曲条件，此时，液体曲的蛋白酶活力为245Iu/mL，制曲过程对甲胺的去除率可达74．7％。     

奶牛隐性乳房炎发生规律探讨

通过对某奶牛场泌乳牛群隐性乳房炎的调查和分析。研究了奶牛隐性乳房炎的发生规律。结果表明，该场奶牛隐性乳房炎的阳性率为31.42%。乳区临诊阳性率达到10.60%。隐性乳房炎的发生随着胎次和泌乳时间的增加而增加，左乳区阳性率高于右侧，前乳区高于后乳区，在牛群（场）里进行经常性的临床和实验室检验是必要的。     

A CASE STUDY ON CONCENTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION：BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTION IN METROPOLITAN AREA，NANJING，CHINA

In rapid socio-economic development,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously influencing the shaping and transformation of the space in metropolitan area.Survey of spatial concentration and decentralization has thus become a basic method in examining metropolitan spatial evolution.In this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicators of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribution and business office location.Performance of these elements in Nanjing City was exam-ined historically.As Nanjing City could be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its situation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of China.Hence based on the investigation of Nanjing City,four general implications were highlighted.First ,metropolitan areas in China are in a violent process and shift of spatial concentra-tion and decentralization.Second,from now to at least the near future,concentration will continue to be the central fea-ture.Third,the landscape of metropolitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure character.The gap in environmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a long time.Fourth,Central Business District (CBD) is playing an important role in helping to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one.     

A STUDY ON LAND SYSTEM INNOVATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL TOWNS IN CHINA

The economic development in China and the rising of the living standard need to speed up the urbanisa-tion.The development of small towns is an important way to Chinese urbanization.Land use plays a very important role in the development of small towns.However there are many problems in the development of small towns,esp.in land use.The paper first discusses the land problems in the development of small towns.Such as much cultivated land lies idle,under-utilization and waste of land,increasing illegal use of land,unstable contractural relationship for land use.The relationship between the development of small towns and land use is also studied.Then the guidelines for the land system innovations of small towns are put forward.Namely the sustainability of social and economic development,the bal-ance between land reservation and land utilization,the provision of service to village ,agriculture and farmer,the manage-ment of land resource and land assets,the parsimonious andlegal use of land.The basic framework of land system innova-tions of small towns is put forward finally.It include the land replacement policy for small towns and the permanent tenan-cy of farmland,the overall plan for land uses and other plans in harmony,the establishment of a flexible system of land supplies,using land with payments ,the transfer of agricultural land and refining the land law related to the construction of small towns.     

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FLOODING AND DROUGHT CLAMITY DURING PAST 1500 YEARS IN THE HAI′AN REGION，JIANGSU PROVINCE

Collection and arrangement of the historical records of climatic changes and environment evolution,espectial-lyin the aspect of calamities,are made on the history documents of past 1500 years about Haiˊan region,Jiangsu Province.There existed two obvious flooding-drought frequently-occurring periods:one was from 1550 AD to 1850 AD and another was 100 AD to 1200AD.The period of 1550 AD to1850 AD is interrupted by two relatively arid and cold climatic periods:one was from 1630 AD to 1700 AD and another was 1750 AD to 1820 AD.The main characteristic of the calamity periods is that they occurred by turns,and sometimes,both drought and flooding occurred in the same year.The instability of the climatic changes in the Little Ice Age may be the main reason of the frequently-occurring flooding and drought in Haiˊan region.Research results also show that the frequently-occurring periods of flooding and drought is in close relationship with the solar activity,and therefore,occurrence of the flooding and drought may be in relation with the intensity of the solar activity.This hypothesis may need further study in the future.     

SPATIAL—TEMPORAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METAL ELEMENTS CONTENT IN COVERING SPIL OF RECLAMATION AREA IN FUSHUN COAL MINE

Grid method is employed for sampling covering soil at the test field,which is reclamation area filled by coal mining wastes for cropland in the Fushun coal mine,Liaoning Province,the Northeast China.The soil samples are taken at different locations,including three kinds of covering soil,three different depths of soil layers and four different covering ages of covering soil.The spatial-temporal variation of heavy metal element content in reclamation soil is stud-ied.The results indicate that the content of heavy metal elements is decreasing year after year,the determinant reason why the content of heavy metal elements at 60cm depth layer is higher than that at 30cm depth layer and surface is fertiliz-er and manure application;the metal elements mainly come from external environment;there is no metal pollution coming from mother material (coal mining wastes)in plough layer of covering soil.