REE Tetrad Effects in Rare—metal Granites

Described in this paper are the characteristics of tetrad effects of REE in rare-metal granites.Based on the analytical data and experimental geochemical data available,it is pointed out that the tetrad effects of REE in the granites are produced in the metal-fluid system.Intense fractional crystallization of granitic melt(containing REE accessary minerals)and its interaction with volatile-rich(F,Cl)fluid are the major factors leading to the tetrad effects of REE.From this,this paper presents a composite genetic model for high-degree fractional crystallization-volatile-rich fluid metasomatism of rare-metal granites.With the model,quantitative calculations have been made.Meanwhile,it is pointed out that the tetrad effects of REE can be used as an important indicator to distinguish mineralized granites from barren ones.     

试论稀土铁建造

Geological and geochemical characteristics of REE iron formation, a term proposed by Prof. Tu Kuang-chih to specify a special type of Precambrian iron formation rich in REE, are discussed in this paper with special reference to its REE contents, REE distribution patterns, model of formation, the relationship between its development and the multistage evolution of terrestrial crust in China, and its role as an indicator of oxidation status for ancient atmosphere. Major conclusions are as follows: (1) REE iron formation is characterized by high REE concentrations as opposed to very low REE level in normal Precambrian iron formations. (2) REE iron formation was resulted from marine sedimentary-diagenetic process in miogeosyncline or intermediate regions during Proterozoic Era. To some extent,volcanic activity may be responsible for the deposition of ore-forming materials. In a broader sense, it belongs to Fe-bearing dolomite formation. On most REE iron formations there may be later mineralizations such as hydrothermo-metasomatisn, migmatitization and metamorphism superimposed. Generally, REE iron formations share common fundamental features with stratabound ore deposits. (3) It is similar to Precambrian iron formation in the enrichment of light REE.But, the degree to LREE is enriched in REE iron formation is noticed to increase with the increase of total REE eontent. Most REE iron formations are characterized hy the high ratios of ∑Ce/∑Y, Mg Fe/Ca, Na/K, Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, Th/U, Ba/Sr, and etc. (4) The widespread occurrence of REE iron formation indicates a higher REE abundance in terrestrial crust of China and adds further support to the multistage theory regarding the chemical element evolution and differentiation in the terrestrial crust of China. (5) Preliminary data seem to support the time dependence of REE pattern and relative Eu content,     

华南花岗岩的稀土元素分布模式

REE. determinations were conducted f or their fractional contents on granitoid rocks in South China, which differ in age, composition and origin by means of chemical-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and instruments! neutron activation analysis technique. Granites under consideration can be divided into three major categories in terms of normalized REE distribution pattern of ehondrite and δEu value: 1. REE distribution pattern is approximately expressed by a smooth eurve,with unremarkable negative Eu anomaly and δEu value greater than 0.5; 2. REE distribution pattern exhibits a moderately remarkable negative Eu anomaly with δEu value in the range of 0.3---0.4; 3. REE distribution pattern gives a greatly remarkable .negative Eu anomaly,with δEu value being less than 0.2. The granites belonging to the first category are mostly older in age and closely connected with geanitization in origin, those to the second category show a number of evidences for their magmatic origin anti those to the third category are especially distinquishable for their characteristic features of later maginatio differentiation and replacement.     

湘南中生代玄武岩类地球化学特征

湘南是有色、稀有及放射性矿产分布的密集区 ,区内玄武岩类在时间、空间和成矿元素含量上与矿床有密切关系 .该地区玄武岩类同位素年龄在 1 98～ 81Ma之间 ,属侏罗纪 白垩纪 ,主要岩石类型包括碱性玄武岩和拉斑玄武岩 ,它们形成于大陆板内构造环境 .微量元素和Sr,Nd ,Pb同位素组成研究表明其地幔源区经历了富集过程 ,这种富集地幔源区 3%～ 5 %的部分融熔形成本区的碱性玄武岩 ,1 0 %～1 5 %的部分融熔形成本区的拉斑玄武岩 .区域地幔的富集作用对湘南大 超大型矿床密集区的形成有重要的意义 .     

新疆北部与邻区超大型矿床成矿背景条件对比研究及前景评估

“新疆北部与邻区超大型矿床成矿背景条件对比研究及前景评估”是“八五”国家重点科技攻关项目８５９０２（新疆“三○五”项目）的专题研究成果,主要由中国科学院广州地球化学研究所、中国科学院地球化学研究和陕西省地矿局区域地质调查队完成。该成果应用了近代地球...     

冀西北水泉沟正长岩杂岩体的成因

水泉沟碱性正长岩杂岩体侵入于太古宇桑干群变质岩中，岩体主要由碱性长石正长岩、角闪碱长正长岩、正长岩、石英碱长正长岩等组成，属碱性岩系列，在岩石的石英颗粒中见有熔融包体的存在。岩石的稀土元素分布模式呈平滑的右倾模式，无明显的铕异常。岩石的Ｐｂ同位素组成为２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ＝１６．４５７～１８．２８６、２０７Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ＝１５．２７０～１５．４７２、２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ＝３６．５３９～３７．３９３，石英的δ１８Ｏ值为８．０‰～８．５‰，（８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ）ｉ≈０．７０５，岩石的ｔＤＭ为１．６～１．９Ｇａ，εＮｄ（ｔ）为－７．４５～－１３．１，明显大于区域基底的εＮｄ（ｔ）值（－２０±）。以上结果表明，岩体为上地幔和下地壳物质部分熔融的产物。岩体角闪石３９Ａｒ－４０Ａｒ年龄３２７Ｍａ，为海西期岩浆作用的产物     

保证国家资源安全的矿产资源基础研究思考

战略性矿产资源的基础研究是建立国家安全体系的关键之一。应加强成矿动力学研究，努力开拓成矿地球化学动力学新领域，注意发现矿床新类型，挖掘空白区，矿集区找矿潜力，加强深部找矿和成矿域，带研究，实施资源环境一体化，尽快建立我国矿产资源资源基础研究创新体系。     

我国富碱火成岩及有关的大型-超大型金铜矿床成矿作用

我国富碱火成岩呈带状分布,长达数百甚至数千公里,已发现有15条岩带包括了世界上已发现的绝大部分富碱火成岩类型.在我国与该岩类有关形成了东坪、归来庄、玉龙等为代表的大型超大型Au,Cu矿床或矿集区.富碱火成岩对Au、Cu的成矿控制作用主要为两方面,一是矿床直接产于富碱火成岩中,二是富碱火成岩浆活动参与成矿作用.地幔交代富集、强烈的壳幔相互作用、岩石圈结构的剧烈变化和区域性构造格架的挤压向伸展、拉张的重大转折以及低硫、高氧逸度和富挥发分等因素控制了富碱火成岩的形成及相关成矿作用.     

蓝硒铜矿的发现及其地质意义

本文对产自湖北省恩施市双河硒矿鱼塘坝矿段氧化带中的极其少见的富铜亚硒酸盐矿物——蓝硒铜矿进行了详细的矿物学特征研究.蓝硒铜矿呈蓝色或天蓝色,透明,玻璃光泽,柱状晶体,一般颗粒非常细小,粒径大多在20~100μm,个别可>200μm.分散状,偶见穿插状、放射状聚晶体分布在碳质硅质页岩或粘土化火山碎屑岩的岩石裂缝中或岩层表面.与蓝硒铜矿共生矿物主要为星染状黄铁矿、微晶石英、伊利石、白云石和硒铜蓝等.利用电子探针(EMPA)和背散射电子衍射仪(EBSD)分析的蓝硒铜矿的化学组分表明,仅含Cu,Se和O元素,成分单一,其中SeO244.355%~49.778%(平均值47.684%),CuO37.419%~41.354%(平均值39.479%).计算的化学分子式为:Cu5.35~6.5[SeO3]5·6.2~9.95H2O,属于富铜的蓝硒铜矿,实际晶体化学式为:Cu[SeO3]·2H2O.蓝硒铜矿在显微镜下呈菱形横切面,平行消光,显示出正交晶系的光学特征.本文首次对蓝硒铜矿单晶体进行了“原位”拉曼光谱的测试分析,获得了清晰的拉曼谱线,其主要位移谱线为3506cm-1、3182cm-1、2917cm-1、1600cm-1、1328cm-1、814cm-1、727cm-1、555cm-1、378cm-1、288cm-1.蓝硒铜矿的傅里叶红外光谱主要特征吸收峰则与Sathi-anandan等(1964)合成的化合物相类似.根据蓝硒铜矿的产出地质特征、矿物组合和成矿环境条件,笔者认为蓝硒铜矿的形成是由于风化和淋滤富集作用所致.     

花岗岩稀土元素四分组效应形成机理探讨--以千里山和巴尔哲花岗岩为例

采用ICP AES和ICP MS系统分析了千里山黑云母钾长花岗岩和巴尔哲钠闪石花岗岩的全岩、主要造岩矿物和稀土副矿物的稀土元素组成 .结果表明 ,主要造岩矿物和稀土副矿物均具有与全岩一致的M型稀土元素四分组效应和强烈的Eu亏损特征 .造岩矿物和稀土副矿物的这一“整体”行为 ,表明了形成这些矿物的花岗质熔体是一种具有M型稀土四分组效应的熔体 .高程度演化的花岗质岩浆结晶晚期流体 /熔体相互作用可能是花岗质岩浆稀土四分组效应形成的重要控制因素 .