Multifield coupling model and its applications for pile foundation in permafrost

In the construction of Qinghai-Tibet railway,to avoid diseases caused by frost heave and thaw col-lapse of frozen ground,besides the normal bridges over the rivers,a lot of dry bridge structures have been built to replace subgrade in the regions of high tem-perature and high ice content frozen soil.So,the problems on forming mechanism of bearing capacity of pile foundation in cold regions already become one of hot spot problems in frozen soil engineering.Freezing force and frost heave force ar…     

The eastward subtropical countercurrent on isopycnal surface in the western North Pacific

The classic Sverdrup theory suggests that the water movement in the central subtropical gyre of North Pa-cific be slowly westward or southwestward.In the late sixties of the20th century,the existence of a peculiar eastward narrow flow between20°N and25°N in spring was theoretically predicted.It was named the Subtropical Countercurrent(STCC),although direct observational evidences were not yet sufficient to con-firm whether or not such eastward flow between20°N and25°N was a persistent…     

Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic transition in Kuqa Depression-Tianshan, Northwest China: Evidence from sandstone detrital and geochemical records

Succeeding to multiply collisions of different blocks in Late Paleozoic[1―5], complex intracontinental structural deformation occurred in the Tianshan area during Mesozoic-Cenozoic[6―16], which controlled coeval basin-range evolution and resulted in intensive modi- fication and adjustment of the Paleozoic oil-gas reser- voirs[17―19]. The Kuqa Depression is a secendary struc- tural unit of the Tarim basin, in which Mesozoic- Ce- nozoic deposits occur in thickness of 6000―7000 m. The Kuq…     

The lacustrine sedimentary records of coal-burning atmospheric pollution

With the acceleration of industrialization, coal- burning atmospheric pollution is getting more and more serious in many regions in China. However, there are only about ten odd years literature records about pollution in some large and mid-sized cities, where the atmosphere has perhaps been polluted for several decades, and therefore it is difficult to know the process and characteristic of pollution, and diffi-cult to evaluate its damage to environment. Lacustrine sediment, a natural record w…     

Sorption of Eu~(3+) onto nano-size silica-water interfaces

A large amount of nuclear wastes has been pro-duced due to nuclear weapon development and nuclear electricity generation. One possible resolution for the disposal of the nuclear wastes is to seal them in an underground repository, which requires detailed knowledge on the mobility, chemical behavior and immobilization of radionuclides in underground water. In addition, toxic heavy metals are extensively present in ground and underground water, how to immobilize and remedy these toxic heavy meta…     

Source time-function as discriminant using empirical Green’s function

Since the sign up of CTBT (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty), the nuclear monitoring and distinguishing has gained great attention by the treaty countries. Seismology is one of the primary technical means available for monitoring compliance to a CTBT. However, there does not exist a single criterion, so far, that can effectively distinguish explorations from earthquakes. It has been known that source time function (abbreviated to STF) of an underground nuclear explosion contains important p…     

唯象场变化与宇宙过程的关系

地面观测到的物理场变化可表示成X=X1+X2+X3。式中,X1和X2分别为地球内部过程和外部过程决定的场分量,X3为干扰量(技术和仪器等的干扰)。7.1磁场变化与太阳系行星旋转周期的关系太阳系包括9颗大行星,根据行星形成特性分为两种主要类型:一是类地行星,除地球外,包括水星、金星、火星;二是木星类行星(巨星),包括木星、土星、天王星和海王星。表7.1列出了行星的若干特征。由表可见,地球和火星自转周期几乎一样,火星昼夜比地球昼夜长41分钟,金星和水星自转极慢,金星周期为584个地球日,水星为116个地球日。类地行星平均加权密度为5.14g/cm3,巨…     

地震安全性保障对策

当今世界所有工业发展国家关于安全以及居民、地区、国民经济工程设施对人为灾害和自然灾害的防护问题,已成为没有地理和民族界限的最重要的社会经济、人口学和生态研究问题。因此,建立与地震安全性保障有关的国家科技课题是极为重要的。在哈萨克斯坦,研究人员拓展了地震监测系统构思,在其基础上制定了优先问题的计划:——研究地震危险性评定的方法学和编制不同比例尺的地震区划图以作为进行建设和合理利用土地的标准文件。——研究地震发生地点、强度和时间预报的方法,建立地震活动性和地震预报的地震监测系统。——研究监测的方法学,对有…     

地震过程破坏后果预测的科学原理和方法

14.1关于地震后果哈萨克斯坦地区广阔,它包括西哈萨克斯坦、克孜勒奥尔达、南哈萨克斯坦、江布尔、阿拉木图和东哈萨克斯坦(州),这些地区都属于地震危险区域。地震最活动地区是天山、准噶尔阿拉套、塔尔巴哈台和阿尔泰造山作用地区。在19世纪末和20世纪初,仅天山地区就发生了数次破坏性地震,其中韦尔诺耶、奇利克和克明地震列入世界灾难性地震。这些地震的烈度为8—11度,地震导致人员死亡,建筑物破坏。例如,1911年1月4日克明地震,震级为M8.2,震中烈度大于11度,人员伤亡245人;1887年6月9日韦尔诺耶地震,震级为M7.3,烈度9—10度,在韦尔诺耶城…     

Biogeochemical evaluation of Nannorrhops ritchiana： A Mg-flora from Khuzdar, Balochistan, Pakistan

Nannorrhops ritchiana （ Mazari Palm） is a distinctive flora growing in the Saharo-Sindian region. It is well distributed on the ultramafic soil, derived from the Bela Ophiolite in the Khuzdar District, Balochistan, Pakistan. Quantitative estimation of Ca, Mg, Fe and Ni in soil and plant ash has been carried out. The constituents of plant ash have been discussed in relation to soil chemistry, pH, climate, mobility, average abundance in plant ash and exclusion mechanism of the flora. Relationship among Ca, Mg, Fe and Ni has been established using scattergrams to evaluate the biogeochemistry of the plant. High contents of Mg and high coefficient of biological absorption allow it to be classed as Mg-flora. Both Ca and Fe appeared to be antagonistic to Mg. The metal assemblage of N. ritchiana nicely reflected the nature of the bed rock as being serpentinized ultramafic, and its corresponding soils. Good exclusion mechanism of N. ritchiana did not allow it to absorb high Ni from the soil. Relatively high concentrations of Ni in N. ritchiana from the Baran Lak area can be used to localize Ni-mineralization in the study area. Statistical analyses, such as minimum, maximum, mean, mode, median, standard deviations, and coefficient of correlation, were also made to improve raw geochemical data and interpretations.