哈拉乔拉岩体橄榄石与辉石成分对阿尔泰造山带铜镍成矿潜力的指示

哈拉乔拉基性-超基性岩体于431 Ma侵位于阿尔泰造山带南缘,以辉长岩和橄榄辉长岩为主,类比于基性岩含矿的喀拉通克和黄山东矿床。本文通过哈拉乔拉岩体的矿物成分探讨该岩体的硫化物熔离过程。哈拉乔拉橄榄辉长岩中橄榄石Fo值为75～83 mol%,类似于黄山东与喀拉通克,但Ni含量更为亏损(小于100×10^-6～840×10^-6),明显低于这两个矿床Fo值相近的橄榄石。单斜辉石成分(Mg#为0.75～0.81)对比也表明哈拉乔拉岩体与喀拉通克岩体具有相似的母岩浆成分与演化过程。哈拉乔拉橄榄石和单斜辉石的成分指示岩浆侵位之前曾经历橄榄石分异结晶作用,Ni严重亏损指示深部橄榄石分异过程中还伴随着硫化物熔离作用。但目前地表及有限的钻孔并未见大量硫化物,暗示硫化物可能堆积在岩体深部或深部岩浆房。经以上分析,认为志留—石炭纪侵位的基性-超基性岩也具形成铜镍矿床的潜力,其成矿潜力评价可综合地球化学-地质-地球物理-成矿过程研究等多方面信息。     

扎塘赤泥库渗漏污染评价及治理研究

通过水文地质勘察,查清了扎塘赤泥库向牟老泉和百花湖方向的岩溶渗漏通道,根据弥散试验和长期水质监测资料,建立了水动力弥散叠加模型,进行了渗漏污染预测评价.对岩溶渗漏通道采取了垂直帷幕注浆、库内封堵落水洞、赤泥铺盖等综合防渗措施,历时10年,实现了在岩溶发育地区对高浓度碱水进行防渗治理的预定目标,杜绝了扎塘赤泥库废水外排,治理工程取得了显著的效果,保护了岩溶水资源环境.     

沥青包裹体的拉曼光谱特征

对石油中的沥青质组分进行了拉曼光谱分析,发现有两种不同的拉曼光谱特征的沥青质:一是具碳质拉曼特征峰的沥青质,二是无碳质拉曼特征峰的沥青质,将前者称为碳质沥青质.对储集砂岩中的深色沥青质包裹体拉曼分析并据其拉曼光谱图特征将这类包裹体分为三种类型:含碳质沥青包裹体、碳质沥青包裹体和沥青包裹体.如果烃包裹体形成后经历了地质构造应力而破裂和地热作用而发生轻组分移出,就形成了沥青包裹体;若再经地质高温变质作用而发生了碳化,就形成碳质沥青包裹体;若只经历地质高温变质作用而发生碳化,组分热解但未移出,可能会形成含碳质沥青包裹体.     

边界积分方程用于电阻率Zohdy反演的初步研究

研究利用边界积分方程进行电阻率Ｚｏｈｄｙ反演的有关技术,结果表明在探测区域划分为数千个单元的情况下,为节省正、反演过程中所需要的计算机内存和 ＣＰＵ时间,可采取以下措施：（１）假定电位分块线性变化,可以使节点数目显著减少,这里每一块都包含若干个单元;（２）利用边界积分方程的特点,可事先计算并存储所有必要的边界积分值,供每一步迭代中调用;（３）利用边界积分方程所特有的数值延拓功能,可以进一步减少节点数目．为了说明这些手段的有效性,先给出了一个数值模拟成像结果,它清楚地表明基于边界积分方程的电阻率 Ｚｏｈｄｙ反演是快速而有效的,然后给出一个实测剖面的成像实例,成像结果经钻孔检验正确．     

云南省维西县中新世含油页岩地层的时代归属

维西县城附近中新统双河组含油页岩地层,1965年1/100下关幅将其划为上新统（因分布面积较小,图上末于表示）;七十年代初原省地质局石油地质指挥部在维西一带工作期间,划为上三叠统石钟山组,1980年区调队编制的1/50万云南省地质图划为上新统。1981年笔者等进行1/20万维西幅区调工作时,在维西县城北西平距约5公里的该地层中发现了较丰富的植物化石,经中科院植物所古植物室陶君容同志鉴定,确定为中新世的分子。为了进一步查证落实此套含油地层的时代归属,1983年5月笔者再次前往该区港老布等几个     

利用量子力学势能数据预测温度、压力、盐度和沉积物孔径对甲烷水合物形成和分解的影响

介绍一个预测不同温度、压力、盐度和沉积物毛细管孔径条件下甲烷水合物 溶液 气体多相平衡模型。该模型以Van der Waals和 Platteeuw热力学模型、量子力学从头算粒子相互作用势能、DMW 92状态方程和Pitzer电解质理论为基础,能在很宽广温压范围内预测温度、压力、盐度和毛细管力对甲烷水合物形成和分解的影响。通过对比本模型的预测结果与实验数据,可知本模型能够准确地预测海水和多孔介质中甲烷水合物的相平衡条件。对于一定盐度下多孔介质中甲烷水合物的形成温压条件的在线计算可浏览: www.geochem model.org/models.htm。     

近50a河池市日照时数空间变化特征分析

基于河池市10个气象站1961-2010年的日照时数数据,采用线性趋势分析、逐步回归分析等方法,依托GIS技术对河池市近50a日照时数的气候倾向率、年代际变化趋势进行分析。结果表明:河池南部及东南部的都安、宜州、巴马、大化县的年日照时数较多(大于1200h),北部及西北部的天峨、南丹、环江县的北部年日照时数较少(小于1000h);全市各地区的年日照时数变化速率值在-82.66 h/10a～19.8 h/10a之间;河池各县的日照时数年代际变化特征各不相同,其中东兰、凤山和都安大部地区的年日照时数的四个年代都是呈现下降的变化趋势。     

EVALUATION OF CORRECTIONS ON TURBULENT FLUXES OBTAINED BY EDDY COVARIANCE METHOD IN HIGH WINDS

This paper investigates processing of fast-response data and corrections of turbulent fluxes obtained by using eddy covariance method based on data collected at an offshore observation tower during three Cold-intrusion(CI)events in the South China Sea in 2010. This study presents the data processing procedure in detail and compares frictional velocities(u*), sensible heat fluxes(H) and latent heat fluxes(LE) yielded by using different averaging periods and different coordinate rotation methods; evaluates the sonic temperature correction for sensible heat flux and the Webb correction for latent heat flux as a function of 10 m wind speed(u10) during the CIs. The results show(1) that the different averaging periods of 30 min and 10 min cause biases of u*(H, LE) within 5%(15%, 62%). The values of u*(H,LE) averaged from 30 mins are mostly larger than those averaged from 10 mins. We suggest that the averaging period of 10 min is not sufficiently long to capture all scale eddies and recommend 30 min averaging period in calculating turbulent fluxes using eddy covariance method during CIs;(2) that the values of u*(H, LE) obtained from double rotation(DR2) and those obtained from planar fit rotation(PF) have good agreements and correlation coefficients between them are larger than 0.99. Because PF method requires unchanged environment and it is easier to apply DR2 method, we suggest DR2 coordinate rotation method in processing fast-response data; and(3) that the median values of frictional velocity(sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) binned according to 2 m s~(-1) intervals of u_(10) increase(decrease,increase) by less than 9%(4%, 10%) by Coriolis corrections(sonic temperature corrections, Webb corrections), which decreases(decreases, increases) with increasing u10 when u10 are 5-17 m s~(-1).     

通过数据挖掘调查气候变化的长期趋势及其因区域和地方环境而产生的空间差异（英文）

Climate change is a global phenomenon but is modified by regional and local environmental conditions.Moreover,climate change exhibits remarkable cyclical oscillations and disturbances,which often mask and distort the long-term trends of climate change we would like to identify.Inspired by recent advancements in data mining,we experimented with empirical mode decomposition(EMD) technique to extract long-term change trends from climate data.We applied GIS elevation model to construct 3 D EMD trend surface to visualize spatial variations of climate change over regions and biomes.We then computed various time-series similarity measures and plot them to examine spatial patterns across meteorological stations.We conducted a case study in Inner Mongolia based on daily records of precipitation and temperature at 45 meteorological stations from 1959 to 2010.The EMD curves effectively illustrated the long-term trends of climate change.The EMD 3 D surfaces revealed regional variations of climate change,while the EMD similarity plots disclosed cross-station deviations.In brief,the change trends of temperature were significantly different from those of precipitation.Noticeable regional patterns and local disturbances of the changes in both temperature and precipitation were identified.The trends of change were modified by regional and local topographies and land covers.     

深圳房屋建筑桩基础桩端持力层选择及入岩深度分析

结合深圳地区多年来施工房屋建筑桩基础的经验,讨论了有关深圳地区房屋建筑桩基础桩端持力层的选择和入岩深度问题,并提出了相关建议.