中国不同区域能源消费碳足迹的时空变化(英文)

Study on regional carbon emission is one of the hot topics under the background of global climate change and low-carbon economic development, and also help to establish different low-carbon strategies for different regions. On the basis of energy consumption and land use data of different regions in China from 1999 to 2008, this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint models based on total energy consumption, and calculated the amount of carbon emissions and carbon footprint in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. The author also analyzed carbon emission density and per unit area carbon footprint for each region. Finally, advices for decreasing carbon footprint were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Carbon emissions from total energy consumption increased 129% from 1999 to 2008 in China, but its spatial distribution pattern among different regions just slightly changed, the sorting of carbon emission amount was: Eastern China > Northern China > Central and Southern China > Southwest China > Northwest China. (2) The sorting of carbon emission density was: Eastern China > Northeast China > Central and Southern China > Northern China > Southwest China > Northwest China from 1999 to 2003, but from 2004 Central and Southern China began to have higher carbon emission density than Northeast China, the order of other regions did not change. (3) Carbon footprint increased significantly since the rapid increasing of carbon emissions and less increasing area of pro-ductive land in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. Northern China had the largest carbon footprint, and Northwest China, Eastern China, Northern China, Central and Southern China followed in turn, while Southwest China presented the lowest area of carbon footprint and the highest percentage of carbon absorption. (4) Mainly influenced by regional land area, Northern China presented the highest per unit area carbon footprint and followed by Eastern China, and Northeast China; Central and Southern China, and Northwest China had a similar medium per unit area carbon footprint; Southwest China always had the lowest per unit area carbon footprint. (5) China faced great ecological pressure brought by carbon emission. Some measures should be taken both from reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon absorption.     

遥感邻近效应测量与数据分析

2004年和2005年开展了遥感邻近效应的理论研究,2次卫星、1次航空遥感同步试验测量和测量数据分析,在获取了邻近参数的基础上实现了对图像的邻近效应校正。本文介绍了2005年7月25日在官厅遥感实验场沙漠的卫星同步测量实验结果和2005年5月11日奥运场馆建设预留裸土地的ADS40航空遥感同步实验测量数据分析。改进测量方案和测量装置,并且对测量结果进行了对比分析。在两个相邻像元邻近效应分析的基础上,增加了9个点邻近像元效应分析和建立计算公式;在满足高斯条件和影像平坦性要求的前提下,直线高斯相邻点（d=2R）条件下亮度分布交叉点在（d=R）,像元分辨率相互影响约为12.5%,实际测量中亮度分布交叉点和相互影响偏向于亮度值相对低的像元。     

大岗山水电站坝肩边坡开挖支护有限元模拟

大岗山水电站坝肩边坡地质条件复杂,断层、岩脉、卸荷裂隙密集带、深部卸荷带及节理裂隙发育。为对该边坡在开挖支护过程中的应力、变形情况进行分析,采用弹黏塑性有限元软件EVP3D,利用弹塑性有限元法进行边坡稳定性的三维有限元计算,揭示边坡可能的失稳部位,对初拟的施工程序的合理性进行评价,并对边坡的支护方案提出建议。     

可控源大地电磁测深法探测西安地热效果可视化

西安及其周围地区是地热异常区.用可控源大地电磁测深方法探测构造及地层,并制作电阻率及地质剖面视图,揭示了测区的构造与地层分布情况.所确定的地热井位通过开采获得成功,取得了良好的地质效果.     

本世纪全球增暖的显著性分析

用Ｊｏｎｅｓ、Ｗａｌａｃｅ等人全球年平均气温距平和全球陆地和海洋月平均气温距平格点资料,通过相关和趋势分析及Ｍａｎｎ－Ｋｅｎｄａｌ趋势检验（以下简称ＭＫＴ检验）发现：本世纪全球绝大部分地区增暖是显著的,而热带、副热带海洋,尤其是印度洋近百年来增暖最稳定．北大西洋近几十年来的显著降温导致了西半球３０°Ｎ以北大部分地区增暖趋势明显下降．与之相反,东半球欧亚大陆近几十年来冬季的强烈增温使地球增暖趋势大大增高,以致形成了东亚大陆和北大西洋－北美大陆东部地区在近５０年来变温反相的不均衡格局     

淮海地区降水周期及突变特征分析

利用淮海地区1955—2004年23个气象站点的逐日降水资料,分析了淮海地区降水的主要周期振荡以及突变点,结果表明:该地区降水均有多个时间尺度的周期变化特征,降水周期变化显著,干湿交替现象明显;降水的年代际以及年际尺度的主要周期:年降水为12a、9a、5a,春季降水为14a、6a、3a,夏季为10a、4a,秋季为21a、10a、7a,冬季为18a、5a。年降水减少趋势明显,在1967年发生了突变,由相对多雨期转入相对少雨期;春季、夏季、秋季降水都有不同程度的减少趋势,而冬季降水则表现为增加的趋势。     

Evolution of aerosol vertical distribution during particulate pollution events in Shanghai

A set of micro pulse lidar(MPL)systems operating at 532 nm was used for ground-based observation of aerosols in Shanghai in 2011.Three typical particulate pollution events(e.g.,haze)were examined to determine the evolution of aerosol vertical distribution and the planetary boundary layer(PBL)during these pollution episodes.The aerosol vertical extinction coefficient(VEC)at any given measured altitude was prominently larger during haze periods than that before or after the associated event.Aerosols originating from various source regions exerted forcing to some extent on aerosol loading and vertical layering,leading to different aerosol vertical distribution structures.Aerosol VECs were always maximized near the surface owing to the potential influence of local pollutant emissions.Several peaks in aerosol VECs were found at altitudes above 1 km during the dust-and bioburning-influenced haze events.Aerosol VECs decreased with increasing altitude during the local-polluted haze event,with a single maximum in the surface atmosphere.PM2.5 increased slowly while PBL and visibility decreased gradually in the early stages of haze events;subsequently,PM2.5 accumulated and was exacerbated until serious pollution bursts occurred in the middle and later stages.The results reveal that aerosols from different sources impact aerosol vertical distributions in the atmosphere and that the relationship between PBL and pollutant loadings may play an important role in the formation of pollution.     

基于Hybrid模式精细化移动气象服务系统的设计与实现

近年来移动气象服务需求快速增长,而气象信息的辅助决策功能在现代气象服务体系中的作用越发凸显,如何快速建立一个性能可靠、易于扩展、自主可控的移动气象服务系统成为当前各级气象部门重点关注内容之一。本文介绍了基于Hybrid模式构建精细化移动气象服务系统的总体设计,并通过Hybrid、插件化开发、MVC框架、HTML5融合等关键技术实现了气象信息在移动端的展示交互,体现了Hybrid开发模式在功能复用性高、迭代升级方便等方面的技术优势。经过近5年的持续迭代升级,目前系统产品已经广泛应用在山东省各级气象部门、政府决策部门以及重点服务行业中,在气象服务社会防灾减灾过程中发挥出重要作用。     

城乡交错带人地系统的特征及其演变机制分析

城乡交错带位于城市与乡村交互作用的地带,是我国２１世纪人地关系最为紧张的地区。从区域的角度,揭示城乡交错带人地关系地域关系的特征,分析其动态演变机制,对该地区合理开发利用资源,协调人地矛盾,实现社会经济的可持续发展具有指导意义。     

塔里木盆地南缘策勒典型下垫面水的湍流特征

基于2010年3月28日天气过程在策勒地区实测风速数据,分析戈壁、绿洲农田、灌木林三种典型下垫面3 m高度水平风速的最大脉动风速、湍流强度、阵风因子等湍流特征,结果显示:(1)近地层湍流在时间序列上具有多尺度复杂性,湍流强度、阵风因子均随分析时距增大呈对数增长;(2)以10 min为分析时距获得的各项参数都显示绿洲植被...