Multiaxial Fatigue Analysis on Reeled Deepwater Steel Catenary Risers with Girth Weld Defects

In the present study, we simulated the reel-lay installation process of deepwater steel catenary risers（SCRs） using the finite element method and proposed multiaxial fatigue analysis for reeled SCRs. The reel-lay method is one of the most efficient and economical pipeline installation methods. However, material properties of reeled risers may change, especially in the weld zone, which can affect the fatigue performance. Applying finite element analysis（FEA）, we simulated an installation load history through the reel, aligner, and straightener and analyzed the property variations. The impact of weld defects during the installation process, lack of penetration and lack of fusion, was also discussed. Based on the FEA results, we used the Brown-Miller criterion combined with the critical plane approach to predict the fatigue life of reeled and non-reeled models. The results indicated that a weld defect has a significant influence on the material properties of a riser, and the reel-lay method can significantly reduce the fatigue life of SCRs. The analysis conclusion can help designers understand the mechanical performance of welds during reel-lay installation.     

若羌地区降水量变动的特征

采用若羌36年(1953——1988年)的降水资料讨论了该地区降水特征,通过分析得到:1.若羌降水量的均值、方差、相关系数和降水变率等气候统计量的特征;2.若羌降水量有增多的趋势。本世纪50年代年降水16.2mm,60年代18.0mm,70年代20.3mm,而80年代达们40.2mm,为50年代的2.5倍;3.1981及1988年7月份大暴雨,说明干旱区降水量年际变化大,并从中得到有关水汽来源及其水汽输送路径的认识。     

南京地区全新统地层划分的新认识

本文通过近年工程地质钻孔及全新世沉积物剖面的采样分析,从沉积层序、岩性岩相、孢粉组合揭示的古气候演变,~(14)C 测年、考古资料、历史记载等方面进行综合研究,对全新统地层下限、钻孔剖面的垂向沉积序列,分层标志等,提出了新的看法。     

化石波痕和现代波痕的对比研究--以大连震旦系石英岩波痕为例

研究波痕的重要意义,在于鉴定地层是否倒转,以确定区域地层层序。大连白云山发现在同一石英岩层内,正倒波痕共存,莫衷一是。根据北戴河海滩现代波痕的观察,即棱角明显正位分明已成型的涨潮痕,但在退潮时,因水动力条件和地形关系可以被改造,从而造成混淆。本文提出了鉴定方法。