小北湖火山台迁建前后观测数据对比分析

小北湖火山台原址位于原始森林保护区,按照林区防火要求,2019年选址迁建。选取迁建前后小北湖火山台观测数据,通过计算不同频段范围内背景噪声记录的加速度功率谱密度,分析了迁建前后地震观测台站的噪声特征。结果表明,在1—20 Hz频段内,迁建后功率谱噪声值普遍降低10—20 dB;从RMS值来看,UD向降低22.0%,EW向降低58.2%,NS向降低62.8%,达到Ⅰ级台基水平,迁建后井下环境抗干扰能力更强,观测效果更好。     

地震应急专题图快速产出系统开发——以黑龙江省为例

为了提升地震应急能力,结合地震应急救援工作对地震专题图的需求,利用VB6.0开发出一套适用于地震应急救援的专题地图快速产出系统。该系统建立了相关地区的独立数据库,完全摆脱了对ArcGis、MapSis等专业制图软件的依赖,建立了独立的地震应急图件产出平台。通过输入地震参数,系统可以快速生成震中位置分布图、地震影响场分布图、震中人口分布图、历史地震分布图等专业图件并批量输出。     

应用于强对流天气预报的模式探空产品

仿照实测探空，根据数值模式站点预报的气象要素设计了包含十种常用稳定度指数的斜T-InP模式探空图。在综合评估的基础上，设计了一种模式探空的订正和产品的形成方法，并制作产品显示系统，它可以方便地提供地面站点模式探空和交互式模式探空的图形产品。模式探空产品的统计评估和具体强对流天气的个例分析中表明，模式探空产品对强对流天气预报有帮助。     

基于TM/ETM+影像的不同水体指数对比研究

本文以草海国家级自然保护区为例,基于Landsat ETM+影像从区分度、水体错提率和面积精度3方面对比研究了NDⅥ植被指数和NDWI、MNDWI、RNDWI、NWI、NEW 5种归一化水体指数提取湿地水体信息的准确度.结果表明,NDⅥ提取水体效果较差,5种水体指数均能对水体进行有效提取,其中NWI法综合精度最高,其次是MNDWI、NEW,较差的是RNDWI和NDWI,从而为水体的快速提取提供了参考.     

自动气象站数据采集故障的诊断

分析了自动气象站数据采集中常出现的一些故障,给出了一些诊断方法.     

SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NO2 IN PRD URBAN GROUP AND THE ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES ANALYSIS BASED ON OMI REMOTE SENSING DATA

Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and variation trends of tropospheric NO_2 in Pearl River Delta(PRD) urban group and its adjacent areas were analyze from 2005 to 2013 based on remote sensing data from ozone monitoring instrument(OMI) satellite, and further explored the impact of human activities on NO_2. Compared with the ground observation data, the OMI NO_2 remote sensing data displayed high reliability. Due to active industrial production, high car ownership, great energy and power consumption, the average tropospheric NO_2concentration(7.4×1015molec/cm2) of PRD region is about 3 times of the adjacent areas. At the same time, the regional high pollution NO_2 in PRD region as a whole, the urban group effect is remarkable. Sinusoidal model can well fit the periodic variation of the NO_2 in PRD and adjacent areas. NO_2 concentration was highest in winter while lowest in summer. The concentration of NO_2 in PRD region is decreasing in recent 9 years, which has a significantly negative correlation with the second industry output and car ownership. This suggests that the nitrogen oxide emissions governance in PRD region had achieved initial results. The concentration of NO_2 increased significantly in the eastern and northern Guangdong Province, there are good positive correlations with the second industrial outputs and car ownerships, it is thus clear that industrial emissions and automobile exhausts are important sources of NO_2 in these regions. The concentration of NO_2 in western Guangdong area is stable.     

阿尔金北缘脆-韧性剪切带内变形闪长岩的年代学、地球化学特征及其对北阿尔金早古生代构造演化的指示

阿尔金北缘脆-韧性剪切带是北阿尔金地区一条重要的构造边界,对其形成时代及剪切特征进行深入的研究有利于加深对北阿尔金地区早古生代构造格局与构造演化的认识。本文在喀腊大湾地区发现了一套卷入该脆-韧性剪切带内的变形闪长岩,对其开展了详细的野外地质调查、显微构造观察、地球化学及其年代学研究。野外观察该变形闪长岩发育片麻状面理及拉伸线理,线理的倾向为114°~137°,倾角为25°~43°;面理产状为走向98°~120°,倾向SW,倾角60°~75°,与脆-韧性剪切带延伸方向一致。显微构造观察显示变形闪长岩发育有云母鱼和S-C组构,并可见角闪石残斑被错断,显示出右行剪切的指向。地球化学特征研究表明变形闪长岩的Si O2为57.59%~62.39%,全碱(Na2O+K2O)为4.79%~5.29%,具有较高的Mg O(3.10%~4.04%)、Mg#值(49.9~51.2),铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为0.81~0.89,属准铝质钙碱性岩石,具有I型花岗岩特征。样品富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、K)、轻稀土(LREE)和活泼不相容元素(Th、U),而相对亏损重稀土(HREE)和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti),具有弱的Eu负异常(δEu=0.75~0.84),与岛弧岩浆岩类似。岩石成因研究表明岩体应形成于与洋壳俯冲有关的活动大陆边缘岛弧环境,其岩浆应来源于俯冲板片流体交代地幔楔诱发的部分熔融,并在岩浆上升过程中混染了上地壳物质或/和在俯冲过程混入了俯冲沉积物。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素分析,获得206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为478.1±2.1Ma(MSWD=0.27),代表了变形闪长岩的结晶年龄,这不仅表明北阿尔金洋在早奥陶世已处于俯冲消减阶段,而且限定了阿尔金北缘脆-韧性剪切带形成时代的下限。结合区域地质资料和本项目组以往对变形闪长岩体东北侧出露的未变形似斑状二长花岗岩和黑云母二长花岗岩(即阿北岩体,锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为413±5Ma~427.3±5.7Ma)的研究,推测阿尔金北缘脆-韧性剪切带的形成时代应介于早奥陶世至晚志留世早期之间,这一年龄范围与北阿尔金洋闭合的时代具有良好的一致性。因此,笔者认为阿尔金北缘脆-韧性剪切带可能是塔里木板块和阿中地块斜向碰撞汇聚事件的构造响应。     

长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)贝壳与外套膜中黑色素的提取和鉴定

为了提取和鉴定长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)贝壳与外套膜中的黑色物质,选取贝壳与外套膜颜色均为黑色的长牡蛎,将贝壳及外套膜进行粉碎、盐酸水解、水浴加热、乙醚抽脂,从3份贝壳中提取出3份黑色固体物质,从3份外套膜中提取出3份黑色固体物质,将提取的黑色固体溶解于0.01m L/L氢氧化钠水溶液中,在150—500 nm的范围内测定紫外吸收光谱,发现其最大吸收峰在210 nm左右,随着波长增加,其吸光值迅速大幅度下降,与公认的黑色素紫外吸收光谱特征一致,从而首次确定长牡蛎贝壳与外套膜中的黑色物质为黑色素。     

Development of 1km-Scale Operational Model in South China

To support short-range weather forecast, a high-resolution model (1km) is developed and technicallyupgraded in the South China Regional Center, including the improvement of the 3D reference scheme and predictor-corrector method for Semi-Implicit and Semi-Lagrangian (SISL) in model dynamical core, as well as the improvementof physical parameterization. Furthermore, the multi-process parallel I/O and parallel nudging techniques are developedand have facilitated rapid updating in the assimilation prediction system and fast-output post processing process. Theexperimental results show that the improved 3D reference scheme and upgraded physic schemes can effectively improvethe prediction accuracy and stability with a longer integration time step. The batch test shows that the precipitationforecast performance of 1-km model is significantly better than that of 3-km model. The 1-km model is in operation withrapidly updating cycle at 12-minute intervals, which can be applied to short-range forecast and nowcasting application.