青藏公路沿线的多年冻土

青藏高原是世界上海拔最高的高原,其平均海拔在4.000米以上,有相当大的面积在海拔5.000米以上,并有一系列的山峰高于6.000米。青藏高原又是世界上中、低纬度地带多年冻土厚度最大、分布面积较广、温度最低的地区。     

永城徐山膨润土矿属性及成因探讨

水城徐山膨润土矿属秦岭东西构造带的东延部分,位于韩道口—芒砀山单斜和永城隐伏背斜的复合部位,为燕山期花岗斑岩所控制。徐山膨润土矿通过物理、化学测试分析,诸如X衍射分析、差热分析、阳离子交换容量和PH值的测定,并计算了碱性系数以及对成矿地质特征、风化作用、成矿作用的分析研究,从而确定徐山膨润土矿的属性为钙基膨润土矿,其成因类型为花岗斑岩残余矿床。     

THE DISCOVERED DEEP BURIED LAKE ICE IN SOURCE REGION OF THE HUANGHE RIVER

The 4.45 m-thick pure ice lens have been discovered firstly at depth from 19.81 -24.26 m in the bore No.6, which locates in north bank of the Ngoring Lake. In source region of the Huanghe (Yellow) River, 14C dating, X -ray diffraction, pollen analysis, micropalaeontology, chemical components, environmental isotope 2H, 3H, 18O and freezing point of the ice and water samples from the bore have been tested and microorganism in the ice have been also appraised with microscope. Combined with the research on geomorphy and Quaternary around the lake, the ice lens are determined as a kind of deep-buried lake ice, formed in 35,030-45,209 yr.B.P., and annual mean air temperature was about -10℃ during that time.     

陕、甘、川交界处摩天岭区太古界绿岩地体的发现及其意义

陕、甘、川交界处摩天岭区,主要分布有碧口群。由于该区地质构造复杂,缺少生物化石等,其层序、时代问题一直没有解决。近年来在研究碧口群层序和时代时(地质矿产部秦巴项目资助),于该区东部的勉略宁区发现有4处以小陆核状产出的晚太古代地层,为碧口群的古老基底。其中尤以陕西略阳县阁老岭—鱼洞子地区出露的面积较大,被命名为鱼洞子群(原属碧口群的一部分,称为鱼洞子组),为一套中度区域变质及部分混合岩化的变质岩系,原岩为海相火山岩—沉积岩系,含有变质磁铁石英岩型铁矿床。构造线总体呈东西向展布,本身造成一向北倾斜的复式背斜,南翼倒转。沿轴部分布有混合花岗岩。经初步划分,鱼洞子群自下而上可分为四个岩组:(1)斜长角闪岩、角闪混合岩组;(2)浅粒岩夹少量斜长角闪岩组;(3)斜长角闪岩夹浅粒岩、角闪磁铁石英岩组;(4)浅粒岩夹绢云片岩、绿泥片岩与磁铁石英岩组。     

基于小波分析的海洋重力异常畸变消除方法研究

为了有效地消除重力异常畸变对海洋重力测量的影响,得到高精度的海洋重力测量值,本文在小波理论分析的基础上,将小波分析应用到消除海洋重力异常畸变中。基于信号的奇异性分析理论和小波软阈值处理方法,提出一种小波联合软阈值处理方法;根据重力异常状态方程,分别采用小波软阈值处理方法和小波联合软阈值处理方法对重力异常畸变数据进行了仿真对比实验,理论分析和仿真实验表明:采用小波软阈值处理方法和小波联合软阈值处理方法并选用通用阈值选择规则都能在一定程度上消除海洋重力异常畸变,但在相同背景条件下,小波联合软阈值处理方法的性能优于小波软阈值处理方法。     

高精度重磁勘探在推覆体下找煤中的应用

应用高精度重磁勘探方法解决在推覆体下找煤问题.利用磁异常研究辉绿岩体的赋存状态,肯定了推覆体的存在;根据重力异常及数据处理结果研究推覆体下煤系地层的分布,指出太山-许台重力低带是测区内找煤最为有利的靶区.高精度重磁勘探是推覆体下寻找煤系地层前期勘探的有效手段之一.     

青藏高原多年冻土区地温监测结果分析

Ground temperatures monitored at four observation sites in permafrost regions on the Tibetan Plateau was analyzed. It was found that the ground temperature at the depth of 12～20 m increased 0.2～0.4 K and the permafrost thickness decreased 4～5 m from the base in Xidatan Site from 1975 to 1989; and the ground temperature at the depth of 6～15 m increased 0.2～0.4 K in Kunlun Pass Site from 1982 to 1997. Contrast observations show that a sand cover, 15～20 cm in depth, can result in a ground temperature decrease of 0.1～ 0.2 K in MS66 Site; and a removal of vegetation can result in a ground temperature decrease of some 0.2 K in Hoh Xil Site. The monitor demonstrates that many factors that control permafrost developing have duality, e.g., sand and vegetation are able to increase or decrease the ground temperature. These factors, in conjunction with permafrost behaviour, play different roles under different conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to study, understand and evaluate permafrost and its engineering geological properties taking the viewpoint of dynamic variation.     

油井电磁全息成像精度和分辨率初探

提出一种成像精度和分辨率探究思路,考察油井内气—水两相流动下的电磁全息测量适用性.以典型的泡状流为研究对象,检验实验测量与数值模拟结果的吻合程度.在不同半径的居中气泡和不同偏心程度的小气泡等极端情况下,利用测量数据进行电磁全息成像,通过占空比考察成像精度和分辨率.结果表明,当气泡居中时,气泡半径不小于管道半径的1/6时方可初步分辨,不小于1/4时方可准确分辨;当气泡半径为管道半径的1/12时,偏心量不小于管道半径的1/2时方可初步分辨,不小于2/3时方可准确分辨.当气泡半径或偏心程度更大时,分辨率将好于上述极端情况.     

基于气候干燥度的青藏高原多年冻土区分类新方案

采取综合分析与主导因素相结合的原则, 阐明了青藏高原各大地貌单元的大气环流及自然景观特征, 描述了高原多年冻土形成和分布格局. 基于综合地域分异规律, 以年降水量和干燥度(蒸发/降水)作为主要指标, 并参考年平均气温、气温年较差及年平均空气湿度等, 结合地形因素将高原多年冻土划分为: 湿润型、亚湿润型、半干旱型、干旱型和极干旱型五种类型, 并对各类多年冻土的代表性地区的冻土特征分别进行论述. 该分类方法适合于小比例尺的冻土测绘和制图.     

An operational modal analysis method in frequency and spatial domain

A frequency and spatial domain decomposition method （FSDD） for operational modal analysis （OMA） is presented in this paper, which is an extension of the complex mode indicator function （CMIF） method for experimental modal analysis （EMA）. The theoretical background of the FSDD method is clarified, Singular value decomposition is adopted to separate the signal space from the noise space. Finally, an enhanced power spectrum density （PSD） is proposed to obtain more accurate modal parameters by curve fitting in the frequency domain. Moreover, a simulation case and an application case are used to validate this method.