面向对象的多尺度无人机影像土地利用信息提取

选取面向对象的方法,对无人机影像进行土地利用信息提取.通过对获取的原始无人机影像进行预处理,选取合适的分割参数对实验区进行多尺度分割,找出不同地物最优分割尺度,建立多尺度分割分类的层次结构体系,然后依据地物分类特征差异,在各自最优分割尺度层建立地物特征提取规则,实现土地利用信息的提取.研究结果表明,针对无人机高分辨率影像,运用面向对象的多尺度分割影像信息提取技术,可充分利用影像中包含的纹理、形状、大小及其相互空间信息,快速、准确地进行土地利用信息提取.     

济阳坳陷新生代热演化特征研究

本文综合应用镜质组反射率法和磷灰石裂变径迹法恢复了济阳坳陷新生代地温演化历史,结果表明济阳坳陷古地温梯度在新生代是逐渐降低的,其中古近纪比新近纪下降的幅度大;同时济阳坳陷内各凹陷的古地温梯度演化也存在差异,特别是古近纪末期的东营构造运动后,各凹陷的地温梯度演化差异更加明显;根据各凹陷的古热场恢复,新近纪以来东营凹陷的古地温最高,其次是沾化凹陷,惠民凹陷和车镇凹陷的古地温较低;烃源岩的生烃演化历史与其经历的古热场密切相关,古地温梯度越高的地区,烃源岩进入生烃门限的深度就越浅、时间越早。     

毒砂中元素混入物的实际意义

毒砂(FeAs_(0.9)S_(1.1)—FeAs_(1.1)S_(0.9)含有较大量的钴(高达9％)已为人们所熟知,但毒砂含有一定数量的金则尚未引起足够的重视。事实上,大多数内生金矿床中韵毒砂都含有金,金的含量可高达400～600克/吨。据近年矿物学研究的新成果,毒砂中成类质同象代换元素混入物有钴、镍、锑、铋、硒、碲、金等多种元素。在金矿床中的毒砂内,金以类质同象方式代换铁决定了内生金矿床中毒砂含金的普遍性。据大量数据统计毒砂中的微量元素大致平均含量如下:     

对小口徑鑽具鑽進技術問題的探討

近两年来,各单位在提高鑽探效率問题上积累了很多好的經驗,其主要的应該算是“两大一快”“无岩心鑽进”和“广泛应用小口徑鑽具”“推行新型切削具”了。其中对“无岩心鑽进”“新型切削具的应用”两項新技术,在有些地区,由于地質条件和勘探設計要求不同,尚不能普遍推广以外,此較具有全面应用基础的则要算是“两大一快”和小口徑鑽进的两項經驗了。本文拟就在鑽探上如何正确的对待小口徑鑽进的经驗和有关问题做一些粗淺探討。一、提高鑽进效率的原因分析用小口径鑽进(指75/91公厘鑽具)較之大口徑(110/130公厘)鑽具鑽进,在岩石可鑽性相同,压力、水量、立軸转数等条件都相适应情況下,能够提     

自然金类矿物的鉴定及其标型特征

自然金类矿物是金矿石的主要矿石矿物。现就收集到的自然金类矿物鉴定和成因标型特征的某些新资料摘要报道如下。自然金晶体属于等轴晶系,每一单位晶胞中有四个原子(Z=4),空间格子系立方面心格子。空间群属O_h~5(即Fm_3m),单     

堵塞孔内漏水的点滴经验

煤田一分队勘探地区,孔内漏水很严重,经过多次采用不同堵漏方法——采用锯木、棉丝(破烂棉被)、洋灰、泥浆混合液、堵塞漏水,得到良好效果。操作方法:(1)泥浆混合此例:1立方米泥浆内加100～150市斤锯木,2～3市斤棉丝,100～150市斤洋灰。总之,应根据漏隙的实际情况适当的配合,但混合液要能够流动。(2)将上述混合液灌满孔内,然后用螺丝头上在套管上,开动水泵进行下压(压力表指针应在15～20     

广东省乡村聚落空间分布的影响机制及研究内容框架展望（英文）

Based on land use classification data of remote sensing images, using kernel density, the minimal cumulative resistance model of road traffic accessibility, and a logistic regression model, the characteristics of the spatial pattern and the main factors influencing it were quantitatively examined in Guangdong Province from 1990 to 2013. The framework of the research concerning rural settlement evolution and its effect mechanisms were also discussed and generalized for the future. The results are as follows:(1) The spatial distribution of rural settlements showed spatial directivity of low altitude, low slope, and adjacent to rivers, as well as to villages and towns; thus a special pattern was formed, which was dense on the plains, sparse in mountainous areas, and included two core high density regions of rural settlements in the Chaoshan plain in the east and the Zhanjiang plain tableland region in the west. The spatial distribution of rural settlements was located along the rivers, valleys, and roads with traffic in the mountainous regions surrounding the Pearl River Delta region.(2) In addition to the spatial orientation of the open road, it was important to show that the accessibility of road traffic to the township has had the greatest influence on the spatial distribution of the rural settlements. The connected transport network between towns and villages is significant for rural transformation as a comprehensive increase in township production and service capacity will be the key to optimizing the town-village system in rural areas.(3) Elevation and slope were two basic but influential factors that have affected the distribution, scale, and form of rural settlements. The attributes of the physical geography are the first elements in optimizing village layout and planning spatial reconstruction.(4) In the current Internet and social media era, the reconstruction of market network system orders connects with the global market network system in rural areas. The rural life service circle will be constructed with the township at its core to explore the theory and practice of spatial reconstruction, including its production, life and ecology, and socio-cultural heritage and protection. It will also allow for exploration of the rural settlements' evolution, rural spatial production, rural social networks, group behavior, social autonomy, and social and cultural fields, which will bethe core focus of China's rural spatial reconstruction research against a background of globalization.     

内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗道伦达坝铜多金属矿成矿特征认识和矿体成因初探

内蒙古道伦达坝铜多金属矿位于大兴安岭南段西坡,突泉—林西Fe(Sn)-Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag-Nb(Ta)成矿带内.工业矿种为Cu、Ag、W、Sn,赋矿地层为林西组砂板岩,成矿期次主要为燕山期,为岩浆期后热液脉状矿床,构造和接触带控矿.矿体多为中小型、呈脉状分布,走向有NE、NEE、NW、近NE等,变化较大.道伦达坝铜多金属矿床的成矿特征和成矿原因的研究,有助于为在区内找到成矿条件相似的靶区提供一些借鉴.     

滇西高黎贡带～40Ma OIB型基性岩浆活动：消减特提斯洋片与印度板块断离的产物？

滇西高黎贡带基性岩脉形成于40～42Ma,以高FeO、TiO2,低K2O含量为特征.虽然多数样品经历了不同程度的地壳混染,少量样品的Nb/La大于1,La/Yb比值较小和Mg#值较高,显示了似洋岛玄武岩（OIB）的地球化学特征,从而为研究区提供了软流圈上涌的岩石学证据.模拟计算进一步暗示高黎贡基性岩脉的源区在尖晶石相橄榄岩中（＜70km）,说明软流圈地幔上涌到很浅的部位,这与目前青藏高原巨厚的岩石圈（＞150km）形成鲜明对比.因此,～40Ma高黎贡基性岩浆活动记录了研究区陆一陆碰撞后特殊的构造演化阶段.高黎贡带基性岩脉与达孜-甲马基性次火山岩在形成时间和地球化学性质上一致,两者均代表了碰撞后消减特提斯洋片与印度板块断离过程中软流圈上涌熔融的产物.