航空重力测量内符合精度计算方法

为了评估航空重力系统的性能指标,通常采用对一条测试线多次往返飞行计算各条重复测试线内符合精度的方法。笔者研究了一种较准确的计算各重复线对应点的方法,并在对应点处采用插值方法计算其重力值,利用重复线上对应点的重力值进行均方差计算可以得到精度较高的内符合精度值。     

基于VB平台的水准网平差软件开发研究

基于Visual Basic 6.0平台,研发了水准网平差软件,并介绍了软件所实现的主要功能及特点,验证了软件计算结果的正确性和稳定性。     

基于RS与GIS的三峡库区(重庆段)人居环境适宜性评价

To explore geographical differences in quantitative characteristics and spatial pat-tern of human settlements environmental suitability (HSES) in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA),terrain,climate,hydrology,vegetation and other natural factors were selected to build the livable environmental evaluation,and the quantitative analysis was conducted through Remote Sensing(RS) and Geographic Informational System (GIS) to reveal geo-graphical characteristics and spatial patterns of HSES.The results are obtained as follows:(1) inhabitants of the TGRA of Chongqing are concentrated in the area with moderate high HSES,which is 78% of the total population distributed in 48% of the study area;(2) the HSES is closely related to the terrain,and it forms an arc-banded spatial succession pattern:relatively low in the northeast and the southeast while comparatively high in the west and the south;(3) large numbers of people are distributed in the area with low suitability (with higher population density than the average of the western China),but economic development level in these areas is quite low.Moreover,these areas are ecological sensitive and fragile,many kinds of eco-environmental problems have been caused by human activities.Therefore,population migration and layout are reasonable options for the development of these areas.     

金融联系视角下粤港澳大湾区城市网络空间结构及其影响因素

将粤港澳大湾区26家代表性银行的金融联系通过联锁网络模型转换为区县尺度的城市网络,运用社会网络分析和地理加权回归等方法,探讨大湾区城市网络的结构特征及作用机制。结果表明：1）环珠江口形成网络联系的高能量区,珠江东岸的金融联系水平整体较珠江西岸高,向外围空间的等级扩张具有连续性或渐进性;2）整体网络的集聚性和通达性良好,存在小世界性,广州天河、越秀及佛山南海、顺德等节点具有较高的等级性和接近性,同时也是粤港澳大湾区金融联系的重要中介。相比等级性和接近性在空间上的有序过渡,中介性的极化态势较为明显;3）大部分等级性高的节点有效规模和效率较高,具有结构洞优势,外围空间节点的限制度较大。网络主要依靠核心或次级核心子群的部分节点产生金融联系,边缘子群中大部分节点间的金融联系微弱;4）与粤港澳大湾区各节点总链接量呈负相关的变量有人口密度、经济发展水平及政府管控行为;呈现正相关的变量有交通便捷程度、社会消费水平;金融服务需求和对外开放程度与地区总链接量的关系复杂,具有双边效应。     

Preparation of polysaccharides in different molecular weights from Ulva pertusa Kjellm （Chorophyta）

As molecular weight controls the biological activities of polysaccharides, screening the optimal molecular weight of polysaccharides is important in drug research and application. In this study, hydrogen peroxide was employed as oxidant, and temperature, reaction time, and concentration of polysaccharides and hydrogen peroxide were examined for their effects on the preparation of polysaccharides in different molecular weights from Ulva pertusa. Our experiment suggested that the optimal degradation concentrations for polysaccharides and hydrogen peroxide were 2.5% (w/v) and 8.0% (v/v), respectively. The range of degradation measured by relative viscosity was mainly controlled by temperature and time. Results revealed that 35℃ was the optimal temperature for obtaining low-degradation samples, and 50℃ was the most favorable temperature to accelerate the reaction to yield highly-degraded samples. Four samples in different molecular weights A, B, C and D were finally prepared. The controllability was evaluated by the relative standard deviation (RSD) of relative viscosity, and the peak molecular weights and the polydispersity indexes (Mw/Mn) of molecular weights were measured by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC).     

一次重庆特大暴雨过程的中尺度分析

利用NCEP格点再分析资料、地面实况资料、TBB资料以及雷达资料对2011年7月6 7日重庆大暴雨过程进行了分析研究。结果表明,此次暴雨过程中切变线附近发展起来的中尺度对流系统是暴雨产生的直接原因,且从动力、热力、水汽条件以及能量等方面分析表明重庆东北部已具备暴雨发生的有利条件。通过雷达产品的分析可知,两个阶段降水的中尺度特征不同:第一阶段降水,径向速度场上出现逆风区,对应逆风区的回波较强,雨强较大,且垂直风廓线VWP显示高空有偏西偏南的强风速带下传,从而形成较深厚的西南气流风场;第二阶段降水,径向速度场上出现强度不对称的"牛眼"结构,存在风速辐合,同时VWP显示中低层有深厚的冷空气楔入,使暖湿空气抬升,降水在经过短暂的减弱后再次加强。     

The preparation of low electroendosmosis agarose and its physico-chemical property

Studies on Gelidium amansii agar fractionations were carried out in this paper. Gelidium amansii agar was fractionated on DEAE-Cellulose, and four fractions were obtained sequentially. The fractions were analyzed on physical and chemical properties, and IR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy applied for elucidating the chemical structure. Among the four fractions obtained, water fraction measured up to the standard of low EEO agarose. The sulfate content, ash content, electroendosmosis and gel strength (1%) of water fraction were 0.16%, 0.34%, 0.12 and 1 130g/cm2 respectively, similar to those of the Sigma products.     

港珠澳大桥对珠江口两岸经济发展的影响

跨海通道可以显著提升区域交通通达性,从而促进地区经济发展.港珠澳大桥连接珠江口东西两岸的香港、澳门和珠海,跨越了阻碍东西两岸交通联系的伶仃洋,将大大促进交通通达性和经济联系,进而促进区域经济的发展,对地区的交通格局、产业发展等方面产生重大影响.     

基于夜间灯光数据的中国能源消费碳排放特征及机理

本研究基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光影像实现了1992-2010年以市级为基础单元的我国碳排放估算,弥补了统计数据不全、统计口径不一的缺点。从全国、4个经济区和6大城市群3个层面的碳排放分析结果显示,我国CO2排放总量持续增长,各地区、省市增速各不相同,空间聚集程度越来越明显,基本形成了"东部沿海城市高高集聚,西部欠发达城市低低集聚"的格局。人均碳排放强度基本呈现为"东部>东北部>西部>中部",单位GDP碳排放强度则呈现为"东北部和西部较高"、"东部和中部较低"。GDP增长是决定CO2排放总量增长的主导因素,而能源结构、能源利用效率、产业结构是影响碳排放强度的主要原因。对于西部和东北部等以能源和重工业为主导产业的城市,其减排策略应着重能源结构优化和能源利用效率的提高。对于东部和中部等以技术、劳动密集型和轻工业为主导产业的城市,其减排策略应侧重于产业结构调整和转型升级。     

甘南郎木寺中全新世泥炭总有机碳和脂类分子化合物的组合特征

根据青藏高原东北部甘肃南部郎木寺泥炭总有机碳含量的时间序列,重建了该区7.3～4.0kaB.P.（中全新世）期间气候演变的历史,其中较为显著的变冷事件分别集中在6.8cal.kaB.P.,5.0cal.kaB.P.和4.3cal.kaB.P.。同时分析了3个不同深度的泥炭脂类分子化合物。结果表明,正构烷烃和直链烷基-2-酮都由长链组分所构成,具有明显的奇碳优势和很高的碳优势指数值（CPI>5）表明,这些长链组分来自草本高等植物。样品中还检出脂肪酸甲酯系列,也以长链组分为主,可能是沉积早期生物地球化学作用的产物。异构烯烃的存在及菲系列化合物低的甲基菲指数（MPI）和镜质体反射率（Rc）值,说明样品受成岩作用的影响很小而且几乎没有遭受现代的污染,即泥炭保存完好,各个指标可以真实反映泥炭的组成、性质及其形成时的环境条件。根据总有机碳含量的时间序列和不同阶段样品中的脂类分子化石的组合特征,探讨了各阶段气候和植被的演化特征。