Analyses of structure of planetary boundary layer in ice camp over Arctic ocean

The vertical structure of Planetary boundary layer over Arctic floating ice is presented by using about 50 atmospheric profiles and relevant data sounded at an ice station over Arctic Ocean from 22 August to 3 September,2003.It shows that the height of the convective boundary layer in day is greater than that of the stability boundary layer in night.The boundary layer can be described as vertical structures of stability,instability and multipling The interaction between relative warm and wet down draft air from up level and cool air of surface layer is significant,which causes stronger wind shear,temperature and humidity inversion with typical wind shear of 10 m/s/100 m,intensity of temperature inversion of 8 ℃/100 m.While the larger pack ice is broken by such process,new ice free area in the high latitudes of arctic ocean.The interactions between air/ice/water are enhanced.The fact helps to understanding characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer and its effect in Arctic floating ice region.     

加强退耕还林(草)再造天山南北好风光

新疆属于典型的绿洲经济区域,绿洲面积仅占国土面积的4.2％,生态总体态势呈先天不足,后天失调,局部改善,整体恶化。全区80％的自然草场出现不同程度的退化和沙化,生态环境建设已到了刻不容缓的地步。实施退耕还林(草)工程,无疑给新疆生态环境建设带来新的希望和曙光。自2000年实施退耕还林工程以来,新疆累计完成退耕还林和宜林荒山荒地造林面积530万亩,其中退耕还林面积137万亩。一些地方退耕还林工作同结构调整、农田基本建设、扶贫开发相结合,走出一条生态改善、经济发展和农民增收“三赢”的路子。     

二十四年七月份全国天气概况

雨量过常,天气阴凉,洪流泛滥,几遍全国;雨次(?)风上陆,灾情益增严重!上月十日,长江流域琖始之霉雨,至本月一日而暂行停顿。四日,一低气压中心形成于长江上流,绕道华南向东行,九日抵长江之口。同此期间,于东南海滨,亦有二低气压中心先后出现;是故四日始     

Hyper-spectrum models for monitoring water quality in Dianshan Lake,China

The correlation between water quality parameters and hyper-spectral reflectance is studied with models established for each parameter and applied in Dianshan Lake, in the upstream of the Huangpu River running through Shanghai, China. Models are for dissolved oxygen (DO in mg/L): R720/R680 = 20.362×(R720/R680)2-31.438×(R720/R680)+19.156; for turbidity (NTU): R*714.5 = 206.07× (R*714.5)2-582.5×R*714.5 + 423.24; and for total phosphorus (TP in mg/L): R*509.5 = 16.661× (R*509.5)2-32.646×R*509.5+16.116. The R2 values are 0.770 8, 0.660 4 and 0.738 7, respectively, showing strong positive relationships. The models were then applied to assess water quality of different times. Results are quite satisfactory for some samples.     

严把矿产资源勘查开发入门关

宁夏回族自治区于4月初出台了《关于进一步加强矿产资源勘查开发管理的若干意见》,《意见》以遏制乱采滥挖、破坏浪费矿产资源,科学、合理地开发利用和保护矿产资源为目的,规范了矿产资源勘查开发准入条件,堵截不具备相应资质条件、经济实力、技术水平和管理能力的企业和单位申请矿业权或参与矿业权竞买;     

基于Pauli分解散射参数特性的潮沟信息提取

以长江口九段沙为研究对象,利用2015-04-05全极化Radarsat-2影像数据,首先进行了多视处理和精极化Lee滤波;然后通过Pauli极化分解提取出九段沙水体、潮沟、低矮植被和芦苇的奇次散射系数、45°二面角散射系数和二面角散射系数,并且对4种地物类型(潮沟、水体、低矮植被和芦苇)的3种参数的散射强度分别进行了统计分析;最后选择二面角散射系数作为潮沟信息提取的判别标准,采用区域生长法提取了潮沟信息,并利用数学形态学对区域生长法中的断裂潮沟进行了连接和非潮沟信息的消除。研究结果表明,潮沟和水体的奇次散射强度值分别为0.040和0.038,二者的45°二面角散射系数值为0.001和0.002;潮沟的二面角散射强度值为0.007,低矮植被和芦苇的二面角散射强度值分别为0.783和0.104。     

中国2003年北极海冰调查及未来北极海冰研究战略

以建立气候模式中的海冰模式为主线 ,首先回顾了国际上海冰模式发展现状和趋势 ,从现有模式机理上存在的问题说明认识海冰各物理过程的现场和实验室调查研究的关键科学问题。之后介绍了中国第二次北极科学考察中的海冰调查内容。最后结合国内调查研究能力和国际上海冰科学发展走向 ,根据国内外资料和极地海冰的客观现象 ,提出 6项战略 ,希望作为以后中国北极海冰理论和模式为背景的现场和实验室研究的方向。     

北极大气边界层初步模拟试验

应用一维K闭合OSUPBL模式和ARCSCM极地柱模式,采用SHEBA观测资料和ECM- WF的输出结果作为模式的初始场和外强迫场,对SHEBA试验所在地(75°N,150°W)单点的北极大气边界层特征,进行了初步的模拟并与SHEBA资料进行对比分析。研究表明,这两个模式都具有较好地模拟单点北极大气边界层特征的能力。OSUPBL模式在垂直高度上的高分辨率,使其能够更好地反映大气边界层内部的细微变化特征。ARCSCM模式中考虑了比较多的物理过程,且需要提供比较完整的初始场、边界条件和侧向强迫,并每小时更新,模拟结果更符合实际情况。对模式的不足和下一步的研究也进行了讨论。     

南海北部海底沙波迁移规律及其在台风作用下的响应研究

本文在南海北部海底沙波已有研究的基础上,总结分析了研究区表层沉积物以及沙波的形态、分布、迁移特征;使用区域海洋模式（ROMS）模型模拟了研究区2010-2011年的底部流场数据;利用Rubin公式模拟计算了海底沙波的迁移规律,并与搜集所得资料进行对比分析;结合台风资料及底流数据,分析了台风对海底沙波运移的影响。研究结果显示:海底沙波运移方向的计算结果与搜集所得资料比较吻合,均为向东向南方向;不同站点的迁移距离在0~21.8 m之间,且为往复累积的结果。这表明:Rubin公式在ROMS模型模拟所得底流资料的支撑下,可以再现海底沙波的迁移过程。模拟计算的研究区内两个站位在"凡亚比"台风影响期间的迁移距离分别为2.0 m、2.9 m,分别占其年运移量的9.17%和26.36%,说明台风过境能对海底沙波的迁移产生重大的影响。     

喀拉海峡潮-地相互作用激发非线性内波的数值模拟

Nonlinear internal waves(NIWs) are ubiquitous around the Kara Sea, a part of the Arctic Ocean that is north of Siberia. Three hot spot sources for internal waves, one of which is the Kara Strait, have been identified based on Envisat ASAR. The generation and evolution of the NIWs through the interactions of the tide and topography across the strait is studied based on a nonhydrostatic numerical model. The model captures most wave characteristics shown by satellite data. A typical inter-packets distance on the Barents Sea side is about 25 km in summer, with a phase speed about 0.65 m/s. A northward background current may intensify the accumulation of energy during generation, but it has little influence on the other properties of the generated waves. The single internal solitary wave(ISW) structure is a special phenomenon that follows major wave trains, with a distance about 5–8 km. This wave is generated with the leading wave packets during the same tidal period. When a steady current toward the Kara Sea is included, the basic generation process is similar, but the waves toward the Kara Sea weaken and display an internal bore-like structure with smaller amplitude than in the control experiment. In winter, due to the growth of sea ice, stratification across the Kara Strait is mainly determined by the salinity, with an almost uniform temperature close to freezing. A pycnocline deepens near the middle of the water depth(Barents Sea side), and the NIWs process is not as important as the NIWs process in summer. There is no fission process during the simulation.