大视野水下激光观察系统

严重受限的水下观察是无人遥控潜不器作业中的一个问题。小型二极管激励绿激光器的问世，使人科重新对作为克服某些水下观察问题手段的同步体积扫描产生了兴趣。由于所用光学装置的原因，同步扫描的局限之一在于所能达到的视野深度有限。     

Susceptibility to genetic damage and cell types in Mediterranean mussels

Micronucleus (MN) frequency is generally accepted as a marker of chromosomal damage and has been studied in a variety of cells and species. In previous work, we detected significant dose-related MN increases in the epithelial-like gill cells and agranular haemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis treated with benzo[a]pyrene, a well-known mutagenic pollutant. In addition, we have studied micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities in mussels collected from the Venice lagoon (Italy). Frequency changes, possibly related to genotoxic/toxic stress, in both granular and micronucleated cells from gills and haemolymph, were detected. Environmental data suggest the effect of genotoxic pollutants and the importance of cell replication in the interpretation of micronucleus frequencies.     

末次间冰期衰退时期的北大西洋海流和欧洲环境

北大西洋海流是大洋循环的重要组成部分，将热带的热量从墨西哥湾传输到北大西洋北部。这些热量被释放进向东移动的气团中，极大地改善了欧洲北部的冬季气候。我们通过模式模拟预测出：随着CO2浓度的持续增加(IPCC第3个评价报告：气候变化，2001)，下个世纪的大洋循环会极大地减弱。自从20世纪60年代早期以来，我们开始观察到由于来自Nordic海的流量减少，北大西洋北部的海水不断淡化(Hansen等，2001；Dickson等，2002)。     

西北巴拉望GSEC66.区块深水区石油潜力

本文论述了Philodfill GSEC66区块，即人们称之为“西北Malampaya区块”的石油潜力评价结果。相信该区块存在主要烃类聚集所必需的要素。可能的烃源岩是深水尼多灰岩，早第三纪同裂谷期前尼多沉积和前第三纪沉积。潜在储集层包括尼多礁隆、尼多和前尼多碎屑岩和，或破碎碳酸盐岩，早中新世Galoc碎屑浊积岩和前尼多沉积。该地区识别出的主要油藏类型是晚渐新世一早中新世礁和侵蚀／喀斯特碳酸岩高地。在对已有的1982年以前地震资料评价后，又采集了1，625km的地震资料。新的地震资料解释后，在这一地区划出了11个预选区，其中2个勘探区（Santa Monica和Ipil勘探区）。Santa Monica是在尼多灰岩上圈出的一个十字倾角圈闭，垂直闭合高度超过457m，闭合面积超过83km^2。Ipil勘探区发育在尼多灰岩台地面上，具缓倾闭合特征，闭合面积超过47km^2，垂直闭合高度122m。这个大型勘探圈出的技术价值与菲律宾十分有利的深水勘探条件及其邻近的即将开发的Malapaya—Camago油气田结合，使这一区块成为今后勘探工作中一个极具前景的地区。     

高能波控陆架的风暴沉积和风暴层序——以澳大利亚东南部陆架为例

根据浅层地震和钻孔资科,将澳大利亚东南部研究地区高能波控陆架风暴沉积分为直立风暴层、叠瓦状风暴层、无序风暴层、水平风暴层和纹层状风暴层等五类.各类风暴层及风暴层与非风暴层组合而成悬移风暴层序、悬移-推移混合风暴层序和推移风暴层序三大类.中陆架风暴沉积与现今近岸和水下岸坡相似,岩性、岩相和古生物属海岸带,风暴沉积厚,底板埋深大,组成物质粗.推断中陆架风暴沉积当形成于冰后期海侵、该地带处在近岸带和水下岸坡环境时,此时海面上升速度可能减缓,或趋近于零,甚至可能有短时间的下降.     

印度洋马尔代夫礁岛演化的新模式

珊瑚礁岛是由钙质砂砾堆积形成的，这些砂砾构成了环礁和其他礁台的表层。礁岛的低海拔高度、小规模尺寸和对局部礁积物的依赖性使它们深受气候变化和海平面上升的影响，因此，礁岛的稳定性对于只能在这种岛上居住生存的珊瑚礁国家来说是需要考虑的头等大事。我们要增强对礁岛沉积历史的研究，得出将来解决礁岛稳定性的最佳方案。     

Cloning of a chub metallothionein cDNA and development of competitive RT-PCR of chub metallothionein mRNA as a potential biomarker of heavy metal exposure

Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species.     

两种涡鞭毛藻的周日垂直迁移特性研究

Ａｌｅｘａｎｄｒｉｕｍ ｌｕｓｉｔａｎｉｃｕｍ于１９８７年采自葡萄牙沿海，Ｙ－１００于１９８９年采自德国湾。在暗室中用一根柱长１５０ｃｍ，内径３．４ｃｍ的玻璃柱对两种涡鞭毛藻的垂直行特性进行研究。结果表明，两种藻均进行有规律的周日垂直迁移，且均在始前２ｈ开始向上迁移，光照结束前３ｈ开始向移速度约为２８０μｍ／ｓ，向下约为１４０μｍ／ｓ向下约为８５０μｍ／ｓ；Ｙ－１００向上迁移速度约为２８０μｍ／ｓ     

西南太平洋彭林海盆表层和埋藏锰结核成分和生长史

本文所研究的样品由《Hakurei—maru》号科学考察船进行的GH80—1和GH83—3两个航次所采集．这两次航行的目的是作为日本“中太平洋锰结核调查”五年计划(1979—1983)任务的一部分，在威克-塔希提横断层上进行地质调查(GSJ)。     

Different cardiac response to copper in limpets from metal polluted and clean shores of Hong Kong

The gastropod limpet, Cellana grata, is common on moderately exposed to exposed Hong Kong rocky shores. On the basis of the existing literature on trace metal contamination in Hong Kong, four sites were identified, representative of highly polluted (Aberdeen and Lei Yue Mun) and clean (Cape d'Aguilar and Clear Water Bay) conditions. Limpets from the two polluted sites showed similar, but significantly higher body concentrations of copper than limpets from the two clean sites, which were also similar. Non-invasive measurements of cardiac activity of limpets from the four sites showed between site differences in baseline heart rates under standard seawater, irrespective of pollution level. When acutely exposed to water borne copper (2 h, 0.5+/-0.06 SD ppm), however, limpets from clean sites showed a significantly higher increase in inter-beating time (bradycardia) than those from polluted sites. These results highlight the potential use of cardiac activity to assess the exposure of natural populations of limpets to trace metal pollution.