Mercury pollution in the atmosphere-soil-biology ecosystem along the trunk road in Guilin

Based on the mercury distribution in soil, atmosphere and plant in seven sections beside the trunk road, some advances are obtained： （1） Mercury content of fuel oil of petrol station in Guilin is 3.66-9.74 ng/g, higher than that reported by other countries （0.7-3.2 ng/g）. The higher the number of petrol, the lower the content. Number 90 petrol widely used is the highest （9.74 ng/g）. （2） Mercury content in soil is commonly 0.30-0.80 μg/g near the road, （0.30-2.60 μg/g） besides the street, both are higher than the average of Guilin background value （0.204 μg/g）. Mercury content in vegetable near the road is generally 0.025-0.055 μg/g, higher than that far away from the road （0.022-0.038 μg/g）. The content in cinnamon leaves on both sides of the street is 0.06-0.16 μg/g, also higher than that far away from the street （0.051-0.067 μg/g）. Guilin Highway atmospheric mercury content is usually 7-12 ng/m^3, higher than the mean background value （4.4-6.6 ng/m^3）. Atmospheric mercury content near rural roads is below the level on urban roads. The atmospheric mercury content increases apparently in traffic-intensive stations and intersections. （3） The average concentration of mercury in vegetables is mostly 0.025-0.055 μg/g. Mercury content in various tissues of vegetable follows the order of leaves （mostly 0.044）.09 μg/g）〉roots （mostly 0.02-0.05 lag/g）〉stems （mostly 0.01-0.04 μg/g）. （4） The distribution of mercury in soil, plants and atmosphere near the road is of certain similarity, with a single peak, nearly symmetrical. As far away from road, the content reduces gradually, which shows the release of exhaust gas mercury is the main source of atmospheric mercury pollution.     

Paleophytochemical Constituents from the Pliocene Fossil Wood of Pinus Armandii from Longling,Yunnan

Specimens of fossil wood preserved lignified in Pliocene brown coal and identified as Pinus armandii Francher come from an opencast coalmine at Longling in western Yunnan Province, China. Phytochemical investigation of the fossil wood isolated using liquid column chromatography seven compounds （1-7） including a new fluorene derivative named 11,11-dimethyl-11H-benzo[b]fluorene. A further 28 volatiles were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Spectroscopic investigation methods, including MS and 1D and 2D-NMR techniques elucidated the structure of the seven compounds. Two types of natural products, isopimara and stilbene commonly occuring in extant and Pliocene fossil P. armandii indicate phytochemical fidelity during burial under certain circumstances in sediments. Discovery of stilbenes that can inhibit the activities of wood-destroying fungi in the Pliocene P. armandii prompts the assumption that the chemical preservation of this Pliocene fossil wood of P. armandii in brown coal might contribute to the presence of inner natural inhibitors against wood-destroying fungi.     

A Method for Generating Contour Tree Based on Voronoi Interior Adjacency

IntroductionTopographic contour lines play an i mportantrole in the process of humans analyzing land-form. Particularly ,the spatial relations of con-tours are usually analyzed andinterpreted by hu-mans to recognize topographic features .In orderto model and represent the relationships betweencontour lines ,in 1963 Boyell and Reston pro-posed a contour tree generated by mapping con-tour lines as edges and interstitial spaces asnodes[1 ,2].There has been a great deal of previous workrepresenti…     

Comparison of the Typical Metallogenic Systems in the North Slope of the Tongbai‐East Qinling Mountains and its Geologic Implications

The Tongbai-East Qinling Mountains, an important part of the Central orogenic belt, is one of the most important metallogenic belts in China and contains lots of orogenic-type and VMS-type (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide type) metallogenic systems. The Dahe and Shuidongling VMS-type Cu-Zn deposits, located in the Erlangping Group in Tongbai and East Qinling Mountains, respectively, show similar geological and geochemical features. The Huoshenmiao Formation in the East Qinling region and the Liushanyan Formation in the Tongbai region are spilite-keratophyre sequences occurring in the western and eastern sides of the Nanyang Basin, respectively, and are interpreted to be equivalent to each other. The orogenic-type Au-Ag deposits can be subdivided into two styles; namely, fault- or structure-controlled (e.g. Yindonggou) and stratabound (e.g. Poshan). The Poshan and Yindongpo orogenic-type Au-Ag deposits, whose ore bodies are strictly hosted in carbonaceous strata in the Tongbai Mountains, show obvious stratabound characteristics. Their ore-fluids are enriched in K+ and SO42? and are regarded as K+-SO42? types. The Pb-isotope ratios of sulfides of the ores are extremely uniform and significantly different from those of the tectonostratigraphic terranes of the Qinling orogens except for the ore-hosting strata of the Waitoushan Formation. The Yindonggou and Xuyaogou orogenic Au-Ag deposits in the East Qinling Mountains, whose ore bodies are hosted in the faults cutting the hosting strata or granite body, show fault-controlled characteristics. Their ore-fluids belong to the Na+-Cl? type. The Pb-isotope ratios of sulfides of ores are similar to those of the northern Qinling orogenic belt. The Waitoushan Formation, dominated by carbonaceous sericite-rich schists and only occurring in Tongbai region, should be detached from the Erlangping Group, which occurs both in the western and eastern sides of the Nanyang Basin. Future ore exploration in the Tongbai-East Qinling Mountains should focus on fault-controlled Au-Ag lodes.     

Toxicity identification in metal plating effluent: implications in establishing effluent discharge limits using bioassays in Korea

Because of complexity and diversity of toxicants in effluent, chemical analysis alone gives very limited information on identifying toxic chemicals to test organisms. Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) techniques have been widely used to identify toxicants in various samples including industrial wastewater as well as natural waters. In response to new regulation for effluent discharge in Korea, which will be effective from 2011, a necessity of studies emerges that investigates toxicity levels in industrial effluents. This work was a preliminary study examining toxicity levels in effluent from one metal plating factory using Daphnia magna (48 h immobility) and identifying toxicity-causing substances. Toxicity tests showed variability on different sampling occasions and the results of TIE methods indicated that both organic compounds and metals contributed to the observed toxicity in metal plating effluent. Further studies are necessary to help reduce effluent toxicity especially from direct dischargers, who will have to comply with the new regulation.     

利用走时反演二维多孔介质渗透率

综合利用直接方法和优化方法研究二维多孔介质渗透率反演问题. 问题的提法与前人不同,是由区域内各点流体渗透的走时来反演渗透率. 该反问题的求解可分成两步进行,归结为两个相应的子问题进行研究. 首先由流体走时反演二维多孔介质速度场的数值算法,然后由二维多孔介质速度场反演二维多孔介质渗透率的数值算法,最后给出数值例子. 数值结果表明了所用数值方法的正确性和有效性.     

The Shilu Iron Ore Deposit in Hainan Province,South China: A Structurally and Hydrothermally Reworked and Re-Enriched Lake-Superior-Type BIF Iron Deposit

The Shilu iron ore deposit, located in the western Hainan Province, South China, is one of the most important iron-ore mining districts in China not only for its huge reserves of hematite- rich ores, but also for its potentially economic significance of associated metals of copper, cobalt, nickel, silver, lead and zinc, and of non-metals of dolomite, quartzite,barite,gypsum and sulfur.     

1987及1988年夏季西北太平洋主流系和水位与大气环流关系的数值研究

用一个包括风应力顶的二维绝热非线性数值模式计算分析了１９８７年１９８８年夏季北太平洋主流系和水位与大气环流的关系。将模拟的１９８７年和１９８８年流场作比较可知：１９８７年南赤道较弱，而弱赤道逆流、北赤道流及太平洋流较强，同时各流系位置也都偏南１－２个纬距；模拟的１９８７年黑潮及对马暖流也明显比１９８８年强。分析表明，１９８７年夏季南赤道流弱、北赤道逆流强的主要原因是该年东南信风弱，而弱赤道流、黑潮     

Synergistic use of AIRS and MODIS for dust top height retrieval over land

It is nontrivial to extract the dust top height(DTH) accurately from passive instruments over land due to the complexity of the surface conditions. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) deep blue(DB) algorithm can be used to infer the aerosol optical depth(AOD) over high-reflective surfaces. The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder(AIRS) can simultaneously obtain the DTH and optical depth information. This study focuses on the synergistic use of AIRS observations and MODIS DB results for improving the DTH by using a stable relationship between the AIRS infrared and MODIS DB AODs. A one-dimensional variational(1DVAR) algorithm is applied to extract the DTH from AIRS. Simulation experiments indicate that when the uncertainty of the dust optical depth decreases from 50% to 20%, the improvement of the DTH retrieval accuracy from AIRS reaches 200 m for most of the assumed dust conditions. For two cases over the Taklimakan Desert, the results are compared against Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization(CALIOP) measurements. The results confirm that the MODIS DB product could help extract the DTH over land from AIRS.