环境温度对地震数据采集器时间精度的影响测试

为适应地震数据采集器时间精度测试的需要,采用特定电路将普通参考时钟源输出的分脉冲信号扩展至占空比为50％,再利用扩展后的分脉冲信号在室温、低温恒温及高温恒温环境中对地震数据采集器时间精度进行测试,研究环境温度对地震数据采集器时间精度的影响.结果表明,地震数据采集器时间精度及漂移趋势受环境温度变化影响,0.5 h内发生约...     

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1961-2004年青藏高原夏季降水的时空分布

The summer day-by-day precipitation data of 97 meteorological stations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2004 were selected to analyze the temporal-spatial distribution through accumulated variance,correlation analysis,regression analysis,empirical orthogonal function,power spectrum function and spatial analysis tools of GIS.The result showed that summer precipitation occupied a relatively high proportion in the area with less annual precipitation on the Plateau and the correlation between summer precipitation and annual precipitation was strong.The altitude of these stations and summer precipitation tendency presented stronger positive correlation below 2000 m,with correlation value up to 0.604（α=0.01）.The subtracting tendency values between 1961-1983 and 1984-2004 at five altitude ranges（2000-2500 m,2500-3000 m,3500-4000 m,4000-4500 m and above 4500 m）were above zero and accounted for 71.4%of the total.Using empirical orthogonal function, summer precipitation could be roughly divided into three precipitation pattern fields：the Southeast Plateau Pattern Field,the Northeast Plateau Pattern field and the Three Rivers＇ Headstream Regions Pattern Field.The former two ones had a reverse value from the north to the south and opposite line was along 35°N.The potential cycles of the three pattern fields were 5.33a,21.33a and 2.17a respectively,tested by the confidence probability of 90%.The station altitudes and summer precipitation potential cycles presented strong negative correlation in the stations above 4500 m,with correlation value of-0.626（α=0.01）.In Three Rivers Headstream Regions summer precipitation cycle decreased as the altitude rose in the stations above 3500 m and increased as the altitude rose in those below 3500 m.The empirical orthogonal function analysis in June precipitation,July precipitation and August precipitation showed that the June precipitation pattern field was similar to the July＇s,in which southern Plateau was positive and northern Plateau negative.But positive     

东北地区野外地质工作中北斗卫星技术应用研究

东北地区野外地质工作地点分散,通讯不畅;进入陌生区危险性大;流动性大,管理不便。将北斗卫星技术引入东北地区野外地质调查,建立基于北斗卫星系统的野外-驻地-中心三级网络,不仅可以实现无人区和无通讯信号工作区野外地质调查人员与外界的通讯,还可以进行有策略的多路线业务互动。存放于北斗卫星服务系统中的安全预警预案数据库,可以有针对性地对有安全诉求的终端所在区域推送安全须知和突发事件处置方案。野外作业人员通过北斗卫星蓝牙接入模块,在通讯信号覆盖不到的区域也可以第一时间获取到重要的通知、公告等信息。系统在东北地区的示范应用效果良好。      

Remote forcing of Indian Ocean warming on Northwest Pacific during El Niño decaying years: a FOAM model approach

This paper attempts to analyze in detail the remote influence of the Indian Ocean Basin warming on the Northwest Pacific (NWP) during the year of decaying El Niño. Observation data and the Fast Ocean-Atmosphere coupled Model 1.5 were used to investigate the triggering conditions under which the remote influence is formed between the positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the North Indian Ocean and the Anomalous Northwest Pacific anticyclone (ANWPA). Our research show that it is only when there is a contributory background wind field over the Indian Ocean, i.e., when the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) reaches its peak, that the warmer SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean incites significant easterly wind anomalies in the lower atmosphere of the Indo-West tropical Pacific. This then produces the remote influence on the ANWPA. Therefore, the SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean might interfere with the prediction of the East Asia Summer Monsoon in the year of decaying El Niño. Both the sustaining effect of local negative SST anomalies in the NWP, and the remote effect of positive SST anomalies in the North Indian Ocean on the ANWPA, should be considered in further research.     

无线局域网在地震观测数据传输中的应用

在波密县地震观测站建设项目中,我们采用了无线局域网为主,3G网络为辅的双线路方式传输地震观测数据。经一年半的运行实践,证明这种组网方式在有效降低通信费用的同时,能保证数据的连续传输。     

一种新的本构模型及参数标定

在现行本构模型研究的基础上,建立了一种全新本构模型,它可以描述4种行为特征：弹性-弹塑性-软化、弹性-弹塑性-硬化、理想弹塑性、弹脆性;其模型参数只有4个,现行模型只是该模型的特例（如：邓肯-张模型）,介绍了模型参数的决定方法,其决定的依据是：模型所描述的行为特征与实测数据之间相关度最优;分析了岩土体破坏后区特征,提出岩土体破坏后区行为可以定义为视应力-视应变特征。并以实例对该模型进行了说明,结果表明,该模型可以描述岩土体的行为特征,并对虚内键模型、弹簧模型和离散单元法等具有借鉴作用。     

中国沿海地基GPS水汽反演精度分析

利用无线电探空和地基水汽辐射计的观测数据,对中国沿海GPS观测网9个观测站反演的1 h间隔可降水量进行对比分析。与无线电探空结果相比,地基GPS反演可降水量的年相关系数在0.95以上,平均偏差自北向南呈逐渐增大的趋势。除西沙站外,其他站的年平均偏差在2 mm之内,均方差在3 mm之内,且平均偏差和均方差存在季节性变化。与地基水汽辐射计结果相比,地基GPS反演可降水量同样具有很好的正相关,同步观测期间两者相关系数为0.989,两者的平均偏差为1.84 mm,偏差的均方差为2.06 mm,且7～9月的月均方差较大。     

象山港海岸带景观格局演化

海岸带景观格局演化分析对于理解人类活动与景观格局演化之间的关系,促进沿海地区的可持续发展具有重要意义。以1990、2000和2010年3期TM遥感影像为主要数据源,利用3S技术,分析了象山港海岸带景观类型及格局演化特征。结果表明:(1)20 a来林地、海域以及耕地面积下降,建设用地、水域、养殖用地及未利用地面积增加,滩涂面积先增加后减少。(2)斑块数量、斑块密度不断增加,平均斑块面积不断下降,斑块的边界密度和形态指数不断增加,景观的多样性指数和均匀度不断增加,景观异质性不断增强。(3)整体动态度呈现出上升趋势,人类开发利用活动力度的加大导致象山港海岸带景观变化更为频繁。(4)人文和自然因子的双重驱动,导致了象山港海岸带景观格局的演化。     

扬子陆核古元古代A型花岗岩的年代学与地球化学研究及其构造意义

以侵入于宜昌崆岭杂岩中的圈椅埫花岗岩体为研究对象,系统研究了其年代学和地球化学特征,并据此对岩石成因和扬子陆核古元古代构造演化过程进行探讨。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,圈椅埫花岗岩形成年龄为(1 822±44) Ma,说明其为扬子陆核古元古代岩浆活动产物。地球化学研究表明,该花岗岩体富Si,贫Al、Mg,微量元素组成上富集Rb、Th,具有Eu、Ba、Sr和高场强元素的负异常。岩石具有高Ga/Al比值和(Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)含量,其锆石饱和温度计算值较高(＞862 ℃),综合地质地球化学特征表明该岩体应属铝质A型花岗岩。岩体的εNd(t)值在-12.4~-10.3之间变化,对应两阶段Nd同位素模式年龄值为3.3~3.2 Ga,暗示岩体可能形成于扬子陆核深部古老的长英质地壳物质在后碰撞伸展构造背景低压、高温条件下部分熔融。结合前人已有的研究成果,认为其可能与区域上2.0~1.9 Ga板块碰撞造山后发生的由碰撞挤压向伸展作用的构造转换作用有关。扬子陆核古元古代构造岩浆事件与全球范围内2.1~1.8 Ga的与Columbia超大陆演化有关的碰撞造山-裂解事件时间吻合,表明扬子陆核可能是Columbia超大陆的重要组成部分之一。