仪表钻进的经验介绍

1．提高判层技术,减少煤层质量事故：在煤田钻进中,运用仪表判层,能提高判层的准确率,减少煤层质量事故。我队使用仪表钻进前,1962年共钻进可采煤层366层,其中打丢,打薄煤层占11.2％,煤心平均采取率只达78.5％;使用仪表钻进后,尤其是1965年取得了显著的效果,全年共钻可采煤层199层,其中打丢打薄煤层占7.5％,降低33.1％,煤心采取率93％,达到未曾有过的水平。     

防落梁油阻尼器设计及工程应用研究

应用一款自主设计的油阻尼器进行了力学性能及简支梁桥减振试验研究。通过用FCS-250k N电液伺服控制作动器对油阻尼器进行加载试验,得出油阻尼器阻尼系数等参数。试验结果表明,本试验所用油阻尼器具有十分理想的速度相关特性,F-V图形在一定工作速度范围内呈线性关系,且具有良好的滞回性能。经过与典型实际桥梁的质量、刚度、频率以及初始阻尼比的组合计算,典型公路、铁路简支梁桥安装本油阻尼器后,在线弹性阶段可实现结构总体阻尼比在5%—20%之间可调;在强地震作用下,可实现梁体滑移限位,避免落梁,确保强地震后桥梁的可通行性。因此,油阻尼器在我国中小型简支梁桥抗震方向具有很大的发展前景。     

塔里木盆地寒武系原油微量元素特征及意义

塔里木盆地是中国最大的内陆含油气盆地,有关盆地内主力烃源岩层位时代目前仍存在一定争议。油-油对比能够 发现原油间的亲缘关系,明确不同类型原油地球化学特征,是解决这一问题的有效手段。中深1井及中深1C井发现的中寒 武统阿瓦塔格组、下寒武统肖尔布拉克组原油可以作为重要的端元油类型参与油-油对比。本文通过对比两种寒武系原油 及盆地内多种轻质原油微量元素组成,发现根据多种过渡金属元素比值进行聚类分析可将盆地内轻质原油分为I类和II类, Cr/V,Ni/Mn,Ni/Mo比值是原油分类的良好指标。I类原油较II类原油具有较低的Cr/V比及较高的Ni/Mn与Ni/Mo比,表明 其烃源岩沉积环境相对还原。本次分类结果与前人有机地球化学研究相符,表明无机地球化学指标可作为原油分类的重要 参考,具有较大的应用潜力。     

西北地区山区融雪期气候变化对径流量的影响(英文)

Water resources in the arid land of Northwest China mainly derive from snow and glacier melt water in mountainous areas. So the study on onset, cessation, length, tempera-ture and precipitation of snowmelt period is of great significance for allocating limited water resources reasonably and taking scientific water resources management measures. Using daily mean temperature and precipitation from 8 mountainous weather stations over the pe-riod 1960?2010 in the arid land of Northwest China, this paper analyzes climate change of snowmelt period and its spatial variations and explores the sensitivity of runoff to length, temperature and precipitation of snowmelt period. The results show that mean onset of snowmelt period has shifted 15.33 days earlier while mean ending date has moved 9.19 days later. Onset of snowmelt period in southern Tianshan Mountains moved 20.01 days earlier while that in northern Qilian Mountains moved only 10.16 days earlier. Mean precipitation and air temperature increased by 47.3 mm and 0.857℃ in the mountainous areas of Northwest China, respectively. The precipitation of snowmelt period increased the fastest, which is ob-served in southern Tianshan Mountains, up to 65 mm, and the precipitation and temperature in northern Kunlun Mountains increased the slowest, an increase of 25 mm and 0.617℃, respectively, while the temperature in northern Qilian Mountains increased the fastest, in-creasing by 1.05℃. The annual runoff is also sensitive to the variations of precipitation and temperature of snowmelt period, because variation of precipitation induces annual runoff change by 7.69% while change of snowmelt period temperature results in annual runoff change by 14.15%.     

浅层纵横波联合勘探在活动断层探测中的应用

针对活动断层探测中需要深浅兼顾的技术难点,通过浅层地震纵/横波反射联合勘探的应用,取得良好的勘探效果。该方法确定的断层经钻探验证是可靠的。文中阐述了其野外数据采集、室内数据处理和叠加剖面解释的关键技术和参数选取等技术细节。工程实践证实,本文所述的地球物理勘探组合方法在活断层探测中是有效、可靠的,可有效查明活动断层在隐伏区的平面位置及空间展布情况,为城镇防震减灾工作提供科学的地球物理依据。     

塔里木盆地塔中83井区气侵定量研究

喜山期的干气对塔里木盆地塔中Ⅰ号坡折带古油藏气侵作用是导致油气分馏形成凝析气藏的重要原因,前人关于塔中地区气侵的研究多为定性描述,而定量化的研究较少。以处于塔中Ⅰ号坡折带内带的塔中83井区为研究对象,剖析研究区的成藏地质条件,总结其油气性质、组分特征,进而开展原油样品正构烷烃定量测试,计算研究区不同油气藏的原油正构烷烃损失率Q,对其气侵强度进行了定量化评价。正构烷烃损失率Q的计算结果表明,研究区油气藏都遭受了不同程度气侵(Q变化范围为12%～86%),气侵强度在平面上表现出由北西向南东逐渐减小,剖面上由下向上逐渐变小,同时,气侵导致油气性质改变,原油中的低碳数正构烷烃溶于气相,脱离油相形成与凝析油伴生的高含腊量原油,证实了沿塔中82走滑断裂和塔中Ⅰ号断裂交汇部位充注的高-过成熟度干气对研究区油气藏的气侵作用,为该区油气成藏研究提供了定量证据。     

胶州湾大沽河口小型底栖动物分布的季节变动

Sediment samples were collected in the intertidal zone of the Dagu River Estuary, Jiaozhou Bay, China in April,July and October 2010 and February 2011 for examining seasonal dynamics of meiofaunal distribution and their relationship with environmental variables. A total of ten meiofaunal taxa were identified, including free-living marine nematodes, benthic copepods, polychaetes, oligochaetes, bivalves, ostracods, cnidarians, turbellarians,tardigrades and other animals. Free-living marine nematodes were the most dominant group in both abundance and biomass. The abundances of marine nematodes were higher in winter and spring than those in summer and autumn. Most of the meiofauna distributed in the 0–2 cm sediment layer. The abundance of meiofauna in hightidal zone was lower than those in low-tidal and mid-tidal zones. Results of correlation analysis showed that Chlorophyll a was the most important factor to influence the seasonal dynamics of the abundance, biomass of meiofauna and abundances of nematodes and copepods. CLUSTER analysis divided the meiofaunal assemblages into three groups and BIOENV results indicated that salinity, concentration of organic matter, sediment sorting coefficient and sediment median diameter were the main environmental factors influencing the meiofaunal assemblages.     

光球光斑的一次分光观测

我们于1986年9月30日在日本乘鞍日冕站使用口径25厘米的折轴日冕仪与其所属的摄谱仪拍摄了CaⅡ Hλ3968、FeⅠλ5250和FeⅠλ6303邻近的光谱。分析了这些资料。我们得到:1.光斑的连续反衬度和临边昏暗因子;2.FeⅠλ5250、FeⅠλ6301.5、FeⅠλ6302.5三条线的剩余强度和半峰全宽(FWHM)。