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水体中溶解有机物的特性与测量

系统评述了水体中溶解有机物的特性及测量方法。介绍了水体中溶解有机物的研究概况,指出了开展水体中溶解有机物定量监测的必要性;详述了水体中溶解有机物的激光诱导荧光测量方法、对水体中有机物荧光光谱进行分析的特征光谱荧光标记技术和荧光强度归一化处理技术,以及利用激光诱导荧光方法测量水体中溶解有机物浓度的标定方法;综述了多种因素对利用激光诱导荧光方法测量的影响。     

地铁暗挖站体施工过程中的降水沉降分析及意义

采用暗挖法施工的地铁站体,施工难度较大,在站体上方或附近存在重要的建(构)筑物时,难度及风险则进一步增大。不仅如此,如在开挖深度内存在地下水,则需要对地下水进行抽降,降水沉降与暗挖施工沉降相互叠加,无疑会加剧暗挖施工的难度及风险,为确保对暗挖施工沉降的实时管控,从理论到实际操作上,合理分解降水沉降与暗挖施工沉降,就显得非常必要。本文在这方面进行了有益的探索,这是一项非常科学、严谨和有实际意义的工作。     

Intercomparison of NO_x, SO_2, O_3, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Measured by a Commercial DOAS System and Traditional Point Monitoring Techniques

A field-based Intercomparison study of a commercial Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument (OPSIS AB, Sweden) and different point-sample monitoring techniques (PM, based on an air monitoring station, an air monitoring vehicle, and various chemical methods) was conducted in Beijing from October 1999 to January 2000. The mixing ratios of six trace gases including NO, NO2, SO2, O3, benzene, and toluene were monitored continuously during the four months. A good agreement between the DOAS and PM data was found for NO2 and SO2. However, the concentrations of benzene, toluene, and NO obtained by DOAS were significantly lower than those measured by the point monitors. The ozone levels monitored by the DOAS were generally higher than those measured by point monitors. These results may be attributed to a strong vertical gradient of the NO-O3-NO2 system and of the aromatics at the measurement site. Since the exact data evaluation algorithm is not revealed by the manufacturer of the DOAS sys     

北京某景区崩塌灾害隐患点治理方案设计思路

山岳型风景名胜区地质灾害治理的难点在于将地质灾害隐患治理与当地自然风景相统一,既保留住景区的背景特色,又能彻底消除地质灾害的安全隐患。本文对北京怀柔某景区崩塌隐患点地质灾害特征进行了介绍,对隐患点危岩体（带）的稳定性进行了计算及评价,分析了地质灾害成因及发展趋势,最后对景区地质灾害治理的方法和思路进行了比选分析,选择了加固及避让的治理措施,摸索出经济、合理以及与景区风景相协调的治理方案,最大程度地保护了风景区的自然景观与自然资源,可以为相关地质灾害治理提供参考借鉴。