An ELLAM Approximation for Highly Compressible Multicomponent Flows in Porous Media

We develop an ELLAM-MFEM approximation to the strongly coupled systems of time-dependent nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) and constraining equations, which describe fully miscible, highly compressible, multicomponent flows through heterogeneous and compressible porous media with singular sources and sinks. An Eulerian–Lagrangian localized adjoint method (ELLAM) is presented to solve the transport equations for concentrations. A mixed finite element method (MFEM) is used to solve the pressure PDE for the pressure and Darcy velocity simultaneously, which generates accurate fluid velocities and minimizes the numerical difficulties occurring in standard methods caused by differentiation of the pressure and then multiplication by rough coefficients. The ELLAM-MFEM solution technique symmetrizes and stabilizes the governing transport PDEs and greatly reduces nonphysical oscillation and/or excessive numerical dispersion present in many large-scale simulators. Computational experiments show that the ELLAM-MFEM solution technique can generate stable and physically reasonable numerical simulations even if coarse spatial grids and very large time steps are used.     

The Development of the Chagas' Online Data Entry System (CODES-GIS)

This article describes a web‐based data entry and GIS‐driven mapping system designed for an ethnographic and entomological survey of Chagas’ disease, an emerging zoonotic disease, and Triatoma dimidiata, a primary vector, in the Los Tuxtlas region of Veracruz, Mexico. To better understand this disease in the region, a collaborative, multi‐disciplinary study was initiated to conduct a spatial investigation of T. dimidiata and a community‐by‐community survey of local perceptions of the disease. In order to facilitate such a collaborative effort the CODES‐GIS was developed. This system allows for (near) real‐time mapping, analyses, disease reporting, and results sharing. CODES‐GIS provides a framework for a research team working in a remote area with limited technology, software, or GIS expertise to benefit from (near) real‐time spatial analyses performed at collaborating institutions. The system is bi‐directional, where field personnel can upload data to the system for field‐based map production. Likewise, laboratory personnel can upload diagnostics data for viewing by field personnel. In this way, the system provides a virtual link between the field and the laboratory to increase the speed at which results are returned to the local community. The CODES‐GIS is described along with a selection of study results.     

桂林穿山洞穴沉积物物的古地磁解释

<正> 穿山是桂林峰林平原上一座联座石峰(图1),在其不同高度上发育着许多洞穴。本文所涉及的古地磁样品则主要采集于穿山最西部月岩附近的19、20、21和28号洞内(图2)。与漓江高河漫滩高程相当的洞穴,其中沉积物均是细颗粒的,质地较软粘土。根据未经干扰的残留沉积物来分析,洞内沉积物充填的高度高出附近高河漫滩约13—14米。其它洞穴中残留的水平顶板亦表明曾经受过一个高水位的溶蚀作用。