优化配置模型在莱州市水资源规划中的应用

介绍了水资源优化配置模型的原理,并通过模型在莱州水资源规划中的实例分析,得到了莱州现状及不同规划水平年的水量优化供需计算结果,对莱州市水资源规划提供了依据,体现了计算机模拟优化模型的优越性。     

云南香格里拉县洛吉蛇绿混杂岩中单斜辉石的矿物学特征

提要：洛吉蛇绿混杂岩分布于云南香格里拉县,由镁铁质—超镁铁质堆晶岩块、辉长-辉绿岩墙群、玄武岩及条带状硅质岩等以构造混杂方式产出。岩相学研究发现其中堆晶岩块与玄武岩中单斜辉石具有相似性,矿物化学成分研究表明洛吉蛇绿混杂岩单斜辉石种属为富镁贫铁和高钙的普通辉石,其母岩浆属亚碱性系列的拉斑玄武岩浆,辉石晶体中阳离子取代特征显示其形成于高温低压的条件,辉石形成温度为986~1118 ℃,压力为0.18~0.22 GPa,结合矿物成分和演化特征,认为该套混杂岩为甘孜—理塘蛇绿岩带残余产物。     

南黄海中部全新世磁性铁质球粒富集层的发现和意义

国际上对于微玻璃陨石、磁性铁质球粒方面的研究取得了不少进展,包括研究其年代学、分布特征、矿物学特征、地球化学特征等[1~5].人们认为,形成这些微玻璃陨石、磁性铁质球粒的地质事件对生物灭绝、古气候、古环境演变有明显影响[3,6,7].     

基于多基站网络的VRS差分改正信息的方法分析

基于虚拟参考站VRS(Virtual Reference Stations)的GPS测量技术是近几年应用在网络RTK中的热门技术,文中首先介绍VRS的基本原理,然后利用站际星际二次差分技术,推导虚拟观测值,最后讨论研究虚拟参考站的双差改正数的内插算法。     

Electron microscopic examination of hydrothermally treated bentonite clay

Water-saturated Na bentonite clay with a bulk density of 2 g/cm³ was autoclaved at 150 and 200°C for up to 0.5 years and then left to rest under confined conditions at room temperature for several weeks. Transmission electron microscopy with elemental micro-analysis was applied to study hydrothermally induced changes, which were found to have the form of particle reorganization and, at 200°C, release and precipitation of silica. The precipitations are suspected to be hydrated amorphous silica gels. The microstructural alteration, which was more obvious at 200°C than at 150°C, involved regrouping of previously dispersed and expanded stacks of montmorillonite flakes to yield dense branches of interwoven, contracted stacks separated by large voids.     

Distribution and number change of the Littorinid(Gastropoda) on intertidal hard bed in the Jiulong Estuary, Fujian Province

-Among four species of Littorinid, Littorina scabra, L. brevicula, Nodiliitorina millegrana and N. pyramidalis pyramidalis, on the hard intertidal zone in the Jiulong Estuary, Fujian, L. scabra has the most extensive distribution both vertically and horizontally, and the highest anual average density. The uppermost limit of vertical distribution of N. pyramidalis pyramidalis is higher than the other three Littorinid. Desiccation is a main factor affecting the uppermost limit of vertical distribution of the Littorinid. The increasing wave action will raise the uppermost limit vertical distribution of Littorinid. With seasonal changes, the densities of the Littorinid also change in different tidal zonations. Difference in salinity is the main factor affecting the horizontal distribution of the Littorinid in the estuary.     

低应变基桩动测资料反演问题多解性与人工拟合的初步探讨

在实际低应变基桩动测资料解释工作中常发生误判,其原因除测试人员素质的主观因素外,客观上存在反演问题多解性亦是重要原因之一。这里从正演理论计算与物理概念上阐明,在一定桩土系统的物性、几何参数与拟合精度条件下,反演问题多解性是客观存在的。并且进一步探讨了进行人工拟合时应遵守的规则,正确运用此规则能尽量避免误判的产生。在此规则指导下,对易发生误判的实测曲线进行人工拟合,进一步说明了反演多解性问题的客观存在。     

East Asian monsoon instability at the stage 5a/4 transition

The physics involved in the abrupt climate changes of the late Quaternary have eluded paleoclimatologists for many years. More paleoclimatic records characteristic of different elements of the global climate system are needed for better understanding of the cause-feedback relationships in the system. The East Asian monsoon is an important part of the global climate system and the mechanical links between the East Asian monsoon and other climatic elements around the world may hold a key to our knowledge of abrupt climate changes in East Asia and probably over a larger part of the globe. Previous studies have detected millennial-scale winter monsoon oscillations during the last glaciation and probably also during the last interglaciation in loess sequences across China. However, less attention has been paid to the abrupt summer monsoon changes and the stage 5a/ 4 transition, an important period for the evolution of the East Asian monsoon when the global climate shifted towards the last glaciation. Here we report on two loess sections from eastern China which were dated using a thermoluminescence (TL) technique. The pedogenic and other sediment parameters suggest that the summer monsoon experienced a two-step abrupt retreat at the stage 5a/4 transition. The variations in the proxies for the winter monsoon are synchronized with the summer monsoon proxies during this brief interval, implying a direct and immediate link between high latitude and low latitude mechanisms. These changes may be correlated with similar climatic oscillations observed in the North Atlantic, Europe and Antarctica, raising the possibility that the forcing factors that induced these changes are global in extent.