末次冰消期以来白令海盆的冰筏碎屑事件与古海洋学演变记录

通过对白令海盆中部BR02岩芯高分辨率的颜色、粒度和元素地球化学地层的研究发现:(1)该岩芯较为完整地记录了末次盛冰期结束以来(约16.3 ka BP)的多期冰筏碎屑事件,包括H1、OD、YD和北方2期,其中以H1和YD最为显著,反映了末次冰消期以来该地区海冰/冰山以及区域性冰川的消长变化;(2)BR02岩芯上部17—25 cm段出现富Mn、富Ba的氧化型沉积,说明在全新世高海面时期,白令海与北太平洋、北冰洋之间的水体交换达到极点,白令海环流加强,海盆底层水含氧状况明显改善,并引发海洋生产力增加;(3)CaO、Na2O、Sr、Zr及Na2O/K2O比值的分布说明,海盆冰筏碎屑主要来自富碳酸盐的育空河流域,其次为阿拉斯加半岛和阿留申群岛等火山岩区;岩芯上部Na2O/K2O比值的递增暗示10 ka BP以来与火山物质输运有关的北太平洋入流(阿拉斯加流)可能增加。     

An analysis on ecological civilization construction in Gansu based on a quantified SWOT framework

Ecological civilization （EC） construction has become one of the key elements of China＇s reform and development process, since it was put forward at the 17th National People＇s Congress （NPC） in 2007 and improved at the 18th NPC in 2012, and stressed at the third plenary session of the 18th NPC. The provincial areas are the most important pilot units of EC strategy. Therefore, research on EC at the provincial level can meet the practical demand for EC in China. Based on the existing provincial circumstances in Gansu and its significant position as an ecological barrier in northwestern China, and aiming at the core issue of why and how to build EC in Gansu, this paper employs SWOT （strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats） analysis, the Delphi method, and a combined quantitative analysis and coordinate method, and then calculates the relevant strategic orientation angle （0 = 1.4605） and strength coefficient （p = 0.53）. The results show that Gansu should take an opportunities-dominated strategy, and choose opportunity-strength measures, so the province can increase its in- ternal strengths and decrease its weaknesses with external promote an EC construction strategy. opportunities. Specific measures are recommended to actively     

Electrochemical disinfection for ballast water management: technology development and risk assessment

Ballast water is essential in maintaining the balance and structural integrity of ships during voyage. However, it has created biological invasion threats to the ocean environment. An innovative electrochemical technology was developed in this study. The microorganisms regulated by the International Maritime Organization (D2) were used as the target organisms. It was found that the required energy to meet the D2 was below 0.006 kWh/m3. The size of disinfector (m3) was about 0.5% of treatment flow rate (m3/h). The complete disappearance of chlorine in seawater was achieved after three days. The ballast tank corrosion was not worsened due to the application of technology. The ecotoxicity studies showed no toxic effect on fish, invertebrate, and algae. Finally, the environmental risk assessment showed the treated water did not pose threats to the environment. It can therefore be concluded that the technology provides a cost-effective and environmental friendly solution to ballast water management.     

LA–ICP–MS U–Pb zircon geochronology, geochemistry and kinetics of the Wenquan ore-bearing granites from West Qinling, China

Many hydrothermal Cu–Mo–Au deposits related to granitoid intrusives were recently discovered in the West Qinling Orogenic Belt (WQOB). These deposits were mainly formed during the late Indosinian epoch (ca. 214 Ma), and the regional geological setting of Cu–Mo ore formation in WQOB during this epoch is poorly understood until now. This paper describes the geochronology and geochemistry of the Wenquan ore-bearing pluton, a composite granite body, to study the geologic background of magmatic emplacement and ore formation. The Mo mineralisation occurs at the contact between a fine-grained biotite monzogranite and a medium- to fine-grained porphyritic monzogranite. Zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 223 ± 3 Ma (biotite monzogranite) and 225 ± 3 Ma (porphyritic monzogranite) were obtained. Geochemical analyses show that the Wenquan pluton is a high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonite series rock with relatively high LREE and low HREE and a moderate to weak negative Eu anomaly. Relatively negative anomalies of Ba, Ti, P, Nb, Ta also exist. These results imply that the Wenquan pluton was emplaced during a transitional process (from collision to extension) between the Yangtze Craton and North China Craton. During the later Indosinian epoch, the East Qinling Orogenic Belt (EQOB) and WQOB had similar tectonic settings, and intensive magmatic activity and Mo mineralisation occurred. The EQOB was then involved in the Mesozoic subduction of the Pacific plate, and its subsequent tectonic evolution was different from that of the WQOB.     

川东兴隆场地区长兴组白云岩地球化学特征及流体来源

四川盆地东部长兴组—飞仙关组礁滩相储层为重要的天然气勘探目的层,优质储层的岩性多为白云岩,且主要分布于开江-梁平陆棚的东西两侧。川东兴隆场地区位于开江-梁平陆棚西侧有利相带的东南端,长兴组白云岩层段为该区主力产气层,且白云岩主要分布在台地边缘礁滩相等易于发生暴露的高能沉积相带。明确了白云岩宏观分布的控制因素,以岩石结构及Mg/Ca值和有序度为基础,结合岩石地球化学特征,对川东兴隆场地区上二叠统长兴组白云岩成因进行分析。研究结果表明兴隆场地区长兴组白云岩是在埋藏条件下,同层位的泥晶灰岩及泥灰岩中封存的浓缩海水通过压实作用排挤进入碳酸盐沉积物交代灰岩形成的。有如下证据:①飞仙关组沿缝合线发育的自形白云石化学组成(CaO含量均值30.94%,MgO含量均值20.76%)与长兴组白云石化学组成(CaO含量均值30.51%,MgO含量均值21.28%)相近,表明二者成因及白云化流体具有相似性,推断压实流体可能为长兴组白云岩白云化流体;②长兴组白云岩δ13C介于1‰～2.5‰之间,δ18O介于-6‰～-4‰之间,分布在同期古海水的δ13C(0～5.8‰)、δ18O(-7.5‰～-3.5‰)变化范围内,并与全球典型埋藏白云岩δ13C、δ18O分布区间一致,说明白云化流体具有同期海水性质,且形成于埋藏成岩环境中;③长兴组白云岩的87Sr/86Sr值(0.707108～0.707507)覆盖在了川东北晚二叠世海水Sr同位素(0.706620～0.707742)的变化范围内,证明白云化流体来源于同期海水;④长兴组白云岩稀土元素表现为LREE亏损、HREE富集的海水稀土元素特征,表明白云化流体具有海源流体的性质;⑤长兴组碳酸盐岩Fe含量均较低(<2000×10-6),但长兴组白云岩相对于灰岩具有较高的Mn含量(69×10-6～90×10-6,均值为76×10-6)和较强的阴极发光性,反映了白云岩形成于埋藏的还原环境中。     

东沙群岛西南海区泥火山的地球物理特征

多道反射地震和CHIRP浅地层剖面显示在南海东沙群岛西南陆坡和白云凹陷东部陆坡之间的深水(600~1 000m)陆坡上矗立着一系列高出周围海底50~100m的丘形地质体,其内部地层发生褶皱,反射波呈现杂乱和空白,海底声波屏蔽严重。浅地层剖面还显示丘状构造带有气体羽状构造,从海底进入水体高达50m。海底沉积取样分析表明,这些海丘区的表层分布着生物成因的致密碳酸盐结核。可以推断东沙西南的丘形地质体就是泥火山带,并且可能是一个重要的水合物潜在区。东沙西南海区泥火山表现出构造挤压和带状分布的特点,不同于南海北部神狐和九龙甲烷礁已发现水合物区的非泥火山,也不同于全球其他典型被动大陆边缘的泥火山特征,其构造成因和水合物潜力有待进一步研究。     

海-气界面动量通量的估计方法分析与应用

首次将经验模态分解方法引入湍流稳定性分析,与传统的线性和滑动平均去势方法进行了比较,发现经验模态分解方法的去势效果最好。基于"南海平台通量观测计划"(FOPSCS)近两年的连续通量观测数据,得到了22 476个摩擦速度的估算值,结果表明,当风速小于5m/s时,拖曳系数随风速增大而减小,而风速大于5m/s时,拖曳系数随风速增大而增大,两种情形分别反映了黏性表皮摩擦和波浪引起的形状阻力对海面风应力的贡献。同时发现短风区情形的拖曳系数大于长风区情形,说明波浪成长状态会对海-气界面动量交换产生影响。     

浅谈信号干扰对区域自动气象站的数据传输影响

区域自动气象站在气象监测和防灾减灾的作用日益突出,随着大量区域自动气象站的建成并投入使用,后续的维护及故障排除等成为热点问题.对区域自动气象站几例信号干扰的故障处理进行分析,找出故障的原因,并提出相应的解决办法,为区域自动气象站的稳定运行、及时维护、高效管理提供参考.     

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