西藏仲巴微地体中新世马莜木富钾埃达克质岩及其内暗色微粒包体的成因

西藏南部的中新世含暗色微粒包体的富钾埃达克质岩被认为是之前的大陆地壳在石榴子石稳定压力下发生部分熔融的熔体与同时期的幔源超钾质火山岩发生岩浆混合或混杂的产物。为检验这一观点,本文对雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段仲巴微地体内的中新世马莜木富钾埃达克质岩及其内的暗色微粒包体开展了岩石学、锆石U-Pb定年、矿物电子探针分析以及全岩主微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素测试等方面的工作。结果显示暗色微粒包体和富钾埃达克质岩具有相似的结晶年龄(～17.5 Ma)、矿物组合(石英+长石+角闪石+黑云母)和矿物成分,但暗色微粒包体比富钾埃达克质岩含更多的角闪石和黑云母,且具有比富钾埃达克质岩低的K₂O和SiO₂以及高的MgO、TiO₂和P₂O₅含量。除此之外,富钾埃达克质岩和暗色微粒包体还表现出相似的全岩Sr-Nd同位素组成：富钾埃达克质岩的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i和ε_Nd(t)值分别为0.70933～0.70950和-8....     

Geological Fluid Mapping in the Tongling Area： Implications for the Paleozoic Submarine Hydrothermal System in the Middle-Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt, East China

The Tongling area is one of the 7 ore-cluster areas in the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt,East China,and has tectonically undergone a long-term geologic history from the late Paleozoic continental rifting,through the Middle Triassic continent-continent collision to the Jurassic-Cretaceous intracontinental tectono-magmatic activation.The Carboniferous sedimentary-exhalative processes in the area produced widespread massive sulfides with ages of 303-321 Ma,which partly formed massive pyrite-Cu deposits,but mostly provided significant sulfur and metals to the skarn Cu mineralization associated with the Yanshanian felsic intrusions. To understand the Carboniferous submarine hydrothermal system,an area of about 1046 km~2 was chosen to carry out the geological fluid mapping.Associated with massive sulfide formation,footwall sequences 948 m to 1146m thick,composed of the Lower Silurian-Upper Devonian sandstone,siltstone and thin-layered shale,were widely altered.This hydrothermal alteration is interpreted to reflect large- scale hydrothermal fluid flow associated with the late Paleozoic crustal rifting and subsidence.Three hydrothermal alteration types,i.e.,deep-level semiconformable silicification(S_1),fracture-controlled quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration(S_(2-3)),and upper-level sub-discordant quartz-sericite-chlorite alteration(D_3),were developed to form distinct zones in the mapped area.About 50-m thick semiconformable silicification zones are located at～1-km depth below massive sulfides and developed between an impermeable shale caprock(S_1)and the underlying Ordovician unaltered limestone. Comparisons with modern geothermal systems suggest that the alteration zones record a sub-seafloor aquifer with the most productive hydrothermal fluid flow.Fracture-controlled quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration formed transgressive zones,which downward crosscut the semiconformable alteration zones, and upwards grade into sub-discordant alteration zones that enveloped no economic stringer- stockwork zones beneath massive sulfides.This transgressive zone likely marks an upflow path of high- flux fluids from the hydrothermal aquifer.Lateral zonation of the sub-discordant alteration zones and their relationship to overlying massive sulfide lenses suggest lateral flows and diffusive discharging of the hydrothermal fluids in a permeable sandstone sequence.Three large-sized,14 middle-small massive sulfide deposits,and 40 massive sulfide sites have been mapped in detail.They show regional strata- bound characters and two major styles,i.e.,the layered sheet plus strata-bound stringer-style and the mound-style.Associated exhalite and chemical sedimentary rock suites include(1)anhydrite-barite,(2) jasper-chert,(3)Mg-rich mudstone-pyrite shale,(4)barite lens,(5)siderite-Fe-bearing dolomite,and (6)Mn-rich shale-mudstone,which usually comprise three sulfide-exhalite cyclic units in the area. The spatial distribution of these alteration zones(minerals)and associated massive sulfides and exhalites,and regional variation inδ~(34)S of hydrothermal pyrite and inδ~(18)O-δ~(34)C of hanging wall carbonates,suggest three WNW-extending domains of fluid flow,controlled by the basement faults and syn-depositional faults.Each fluid domain appears to have at least two upflow zones,with estimated even spacing of about 5-8 km in the mapped area.The repeated appearance of sulfide-sulfate or sulfide-carbonate rhythmic units in the area suggests episodically venting of fluids through the upflow conduits by breaking the overlying seals of the hydrothermal aquifer.     

祁雨沟金矿自然金晶体形态和微形貌的生长动力学研究

根据自然金晶体生长和台阶运动的动力学以及台阶聚并规律,自然金的晶体形态和晶面微形貌具有较强规律性。晶体形态随温度和金的过饱和度增高,由（１１０）习性晶经（１００）习性晶演变为（１１１）习性晶;晶面上阶梯状生长纹的高胡金的过饱和度的增大而增高胡金的过饱和度的增大而增高,阶梯的密度随热液碱性程度的升高而增大。这一结论得到河南祁雨沟金矿Ⅴ、Ⅶ阶段自然金晶体形态的证实,并与其它金矿的地质事实和人工合成实验     

胶东西北部仓上金矿床上盘围岩蚀变和黄铁矿标型特征研究

上盘围岩是矿床钻探过程中首先遇到的围岩,研究其蚀变特征具有重要的找矿指导意义。对胶东西北部露天开采的仓上金矿床的详细研究表明,上盘围岩蚀变以绿泥石化为主,蚀变分带自远矿端到近矿端依次为方解石绿泥石化带、赤铁矿绿泥石化带、绿帘石化带和绢英岩化带。黄铁矿的形态、成分和热电性标型显示,成矿过程中上盘围岩提供了丰富的Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ和Ａｕ、Ｐｔ等。上盘围岩的近矿标志是绢英岩化增强,黄铁矿的｛１００｝＋｛２１０｝增多,Ｓ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ和Ａｕ、Ｐｔ增高,Ｓ／Ｆｅ离子比和ｗ（Ｃｏ＋Ｎｉ）／ｗ（Ａｓ＋Ｓｂ）降低,Ｐ型黄铁矿出现率增高,蚀变岩的金含量增高。     

新疆东准噶尔扎河坝橄榄岩单斜辉石、铬尖晶石地球化学特征及铬铁矿成矿作用

扎河坝蛇绿岩是东准噶尔地区一条重要的蛇绿岩带,主要由橄榄岩、层状辉长岩、玄武岩、斜长花岗岩、硅质岩等组成.其中橄榄岩主要由方辉辉橄岩(方辉橄榄岩)、二辉橄榄岩和少量纯橄岩组成.二辉橄榄岩中的单斜辉石Cr2O3平均1.11％,Al2O3平均4.77％,MgO平均16.99％,CaO平均21.84％,SiO2平均50.00...     

安徽铜陵新桥铜金矿床黄铁矿Rb／Sr同位素年龄数据——燕山晚期成矿作用的证据

本文采用亚样品取样和Rb/Sr同位素方法对安徽铜陵新桥铜-硫铁-金矿床层状矿体矿石矿物--黄铁矿直接进行Rb-Sr等时线法测定,获得了112.6±7.8Ma的Rb-Sr等时线年龄,它代表了主成矿期成矿作用的时代.结合已有地质资料认为燕山晚期成矿作用在新桥铜-硫铁-金矿床的形成中居重要作用.     

铜陵矿集区铜金矿床叠加改造过程中的排金效应

通过对铜陵地区各矿田内的矿床的观察发现，它们均含铜、金，但各矿床含铜、金的差异性比较大。该区海西期同生沉积的SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床和燕山期岩浆热液矿床的成矿物质来源具有二元性。在峙门口(铜金)硫铁矿、水竹岭金铜矿和虎山金矿(牛山硫铁矿)等较为典型的海西期块状硫化物矿床中，可圈出独立的金(铜)矿体；以凤凰山铜矿田、小金山金矿、笠帽山金矿等为典型代表的燕山期岩浆热液矿床，也具有较高的金、铜品位，可形成工业矿体。但无论是海西期同生沉积矿床还是燕山期岩浆热液矿床，规模都比较小。有些矿床尽管存在海西期同生沉积成矿作用和燕山期岩浆热液成矿作用，但铜、金分配明显不同，品位差异悬殊。导致水平方向或垂直方向上铜、金分配差异的原因可归结为矿床叠加改造过程中的温度场控制的“排金效应”，形成“下铜上金”、“内铜外金”(储国正等，1992)的矿床分布格局。     

铜陵矿集区蚀变-流体填图与成矿流体系统

为了详细刻画和深刻理解区域流体系统，文章在传统的地质填图方法基础上，针对流体活动性状及其地质记录。提出了一套区域蚀变-流体填图方法程序，并在铜陵地区进行了示范性研究，取得了良好效果。这套“蚀变-流体填图”的方法明确了流体填图的填图对象，填图单位划分理论依据——流体同源性理论。制定了流体系统．流体子系统-流体单元三级填图单元划分方案。在铜陵地区建立了与成矿流体有关的4套流体系统，即海西期喷流沉积流体系统、燕山期岩浆流体系统、燕山晚期中低温流体系统和燕山晚期繁昌火山流体系统，并划分出7个流体子系统和18个流体单元。通过“蚀变-流体填图”掌握了铜陵矿集区成矿流体的空间分布规律，阐述了不同流体系统的成矿特征。     

铜官山铜矿床矽卡岩矿物中流体包裹体及子矿物的扫描电镜研究

通过对安徽铜官山铜矿矽卡岩矿物中的流体包裹体岩相学、包裹体显微测温分析及子矿物的扫描电镜／能谱分析(SEM／EDS)和激光拉曼探针分析(LRM)，发现石榴石、透辉石中的包裹体为流体包裹体，包裹体的均一温度(575～885℃)、盐度[w(NaCleq)13．4％～44．9％]均较高，流体包裹体中的子矿物有黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方解石、菱铁矿、钾石盐和石盐，以钾石盐最为普遍，表明流体高度富钾，具岩浆热液的典型特征。富钾流体也与该区广泛出露的燕山期高钾富碱岩体吻合。     

念扎金矿床热历史:锆石U-Pb、(U-Th)/He及磷灰石裂变径迹年代学的制约

念扎金矿床是近年来最新发现的位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带南侧仁布构造混杂岩带与蚀变闪长岩接触带的大型造山型金矿床.为约束念扎矿床的冷却及剥露历史,利用锆石的U-Pb、(U-Th)/He及磷灰石裂变径迹定年对新鲜及矿化闪长岩年龄进行测定.结果表明,新鲜闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(46.32±0.53)Ma,(U-Th)/He年龄介于(7.14±0.24)Ma到(9.80±0.27)Ma,矿化闪长岩锆石(U-Th)/He年龄介于(8.38±0.24)Ma到(11.19±0.31)Ma之间,两件矿化闪长岩磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分别为(5.9±0.5)Ma和(5.3±1.0)Ma.念扎金矿床自闪长岩固结以来经历了两次快速冷却过程:第一次是从46.3 Ma开始持续到43.6 Ma,温度从750℃降至350℃,冷却速率高达约148℃/Ma;第二次为8.5~2.0 Ma,温度从约200℃降至30℃,冷却速率为26℃/Ma.念扎矿床成矿深度为9.7 km;在8.5 Ma时,矿床被抬升至4.6 km处;从8.5~5.6 Ma,矿床抬升至2.8 km;从5.6~2.0 Ma,念扎矿床被剥露至地表.