台湾海峡台风暴潮非线性数值计算

台湾海峡平均水深不大于50米,台风侵袭频繁.由于台湾岛的“墙壁效应”和台湾海峡的“狭管效应”的影响,台湾海峡的台风暴潮显得较为独特.以前,我们及其他兄弟单位对福建沿海台风暴潮的研究,大多数仅局限于单站的气-水动力相互作用的研究,很少涉及整个海峡.虽说我们也曾作过福建沿岸台风暴潮现场调查,但进行次数有限,了解的也仅是海峡西岸局部地区的情况,它仅能反映台湾海峡台风暴潮的一个侧面,而无法了解整个海峡地区的风暴潮全貌.     

红色无硫细菌处理高浓度鱼品废水的研究

本文从城市生活污水的沉降污泥中分离出三株红色无硫细菌,经鉴定R1为胶质红假单胞菌(Rhodopscudomonas gelatinosa),R2为沼泽红假单胞菌(R palustris)、RS-1为红螺属(Rhodosprillum)的一种。R1与R2均为兼性需氧和兼性光能利用菌,RS-1为专性厌氧光合菌。作者提出了它们的主要生理、生化特性和最适生长条件,最后确定R1、R2是较有利用前途的优势种类。作者利用上述分离的菌株对高浓度的鱼品废水进行了净化处理试验,得出R1对CODcr的去除率约为65％,R2的去除率为74％以上。二者混合使用可提高至87％。作者还发现废水中的非光合性杂生菌有助于提高光合细菌的净化力。     

CHIMEHERB人工皮使用的体会

从1989年4月～1990年10月,我科在69例病人中使用CHIMEHERB人工皮,覆盖治疗了供皮区,Ⅱ°烧伤创面、脱痂创面的残余肉芽创面.临床应用表明:CHIMEHERB人工皮能加快创面的愈合,是目前较好的一种创面覆盖物,用人工皮覆盖创面2～3天后,人工皮干燥,不需再换药,可减轻病人的痛苦.     

Forecasting the dark energy measurement with baryon acoustic oscillations: prospects for the LAMOST surveys

The Large Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) is a dedicated spectroscopic survey telescope being built in China, with an effective aperture of 4 m and equipped with 4000 fibres. Using the LAMOST telescope, one could make redshift survey of the large-scale structure (LSS). The baryon acoustic oscillation features in the LSS power spectrum provide standard rulers for measuring dark energy and other cosmological parameters. In this paper, we investigate the measurement precision achievable for a few possible surveys: (1) a magnitude-limited survey of all galaxies, (2) a survey of colour-selected luminous red galaxies (LRG) and (3) a magnitude-limited, high-density survey of   z < 2  quasars. For each survey, we use the halo model to estimate the bias of the sample, and calculate the effective volume. We then use the Fisher matrix method to forecast the error on the dark energy equation of state and other cosmological parameters for different survey parameters. In a few cases, we also use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to make the same forecast as a comparison. The fibre time required for each of these surveys is also estimated. These results would be useful in designing the surveys for LAMOST.     

Hα Dimming Associated With the Eruption of a Coronal Sigmoid in the Quiet Sun

We report on the occurrence of Hα dimming associated with a sigmoid eruption in a quiet-sun region on 14 August 2001. The coronal sigmoid in soft X-ray images from the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope was located over an Hα filament channel. Its eruption was accompanied by a flare of GOES X-ray class C2.3 and possibly associated with a halo coronal mass ejection (CME) observed with the Large Angle and Spectroscopic Coronagraphs (LASCO) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). During the eruption, coronal bipolar double dimming took place at the regions with opposite magnetic polarities around the two sigmoid ends, but the underlying chromospheric channel did not show observable changes corresponding to the coronal eruption. Different from the erupting coronal sigmoid itself, however, the coronal dimming had a detectable chromosphere counterpart, i.e., Hα dimming. By regarding the sigmoid as a coronal sign for a flux rope, these observations are explained in the framework of the flux rope model of CMEs. The flux rope is possibly deeply rooted in the chromosphere, and the coronal and Hα dimming regions mark its evacuated feet, through which the material is possibly fed to the halo CME.     

Velocity Distance of the Open Cluster M11

On the reasonable hypothesis that the internal motions of member stars of a cluster are random and isotropic, a method which can be used to estimate the velocity distance of the cluster and its uncertainty is developed. The velocity distance so determined is an absolute distance estimate, and is completely independent of the (widely used) luminosity distance, which is a relative distance estimate. Using the published high-accuracy observational data of radial velocities and proper motions of the stars in the open cluster M11 region, we have determined the distance of M11 to be 1.89 ± 0.52kpc. This is in quite good agreement with the published luminosity distances of the cluster. We briefly discuss the problems concerned, including the sources of errors in the method and its applicable range.     

A Statistical Study of Rapid Sunspot Structure Change Associated with Flares

We reported recently some rapid changes of sunspot structure in white-light(WL) associated with major flares.We extend the study to smaller events and present here results of a statistical study of this phenomenon.In total,we investigate 403 events from 1998 May 9 to 2004 July 17,including 40 X-class,174 M-class,and 189 C-class flares.By monitoring the structure of the flaring active regions using the WL observations from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer(TRACE),we find that segments in the outer sunspot structure decayed rapidly right after many flares;and that,on the other hand,the central part of sunspots near the flare-associated magnetic neutral line became darkened.These rapid and permanent changes are evidenced in the time profiles of WL mean intensity and are not likely resulted from the flare emissions.Our study further shows that the outer sunspot structure decay as well as the central structure darkening are more likely to be detected in larger solar flares.For X-class flares,over 40% events show distinct sunspot structure change.For M-and C-class flares,this percentage drops to 17% and 10%,respectively.The results of this statistical study support our previously proposed reconnection picture,i.e.,the flare-related magnetic fields evolve from a highly inclined to a more vertical configuration.     

Sensitive response of desert vegetation to moisture change based on a near-annual resolution pollen record from Gahai Lake in the Qaidam Basin, northwest China

We present a 50-year pollen record at near-annual resolution from Gahai Lake in the Qaidam Basin on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Chronology of a 22-cm short core was established by ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs analysis. The pollen results at 0.5 cm intervals show large changes in Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae (A/C) ratios from < 0.2 to 0.95 in the last 50 years. High (low) A/C ratios represent increase (decrease) in steppe pollen production, which correspond to high (low) relative humidity observed at nearby Delingha weather station. On the basis of good correspondence with instrumental records and carbonate content from Gahai Lake, we conclude that A/C ratio is sensitive to moisture change and can be a very useful index in reconstructing paleoclimate of arid regions. Comparison with pollen and snow accumulation data from Dunde ice core suggests that effective moisture at low and high elevations shows the opposite relationship when mountain precipitation was extremely high, possibly due to topography-induced uplifting and subsiding air dynamics.     

GEO空间碎片光度测量标定方法的研究

基于GEO卫星、太阳和观测站的空间几何关系,建立了消除太阳赤纬角对地球同步轨道( Geostationary Orbit,GEO)卫星光学特性的影响的方法.以三轴稳定GEO盒状卫星缩比模型为研究样本,在不同太阳赤纬角下进行仿真实验光度测量,研究太阳赤纬角和相位角的空间几何关系,得出消除太阳赤纬角对其辐亮度值以及以相位角...