端头扩大型土层锚杆技术

锚固力是土锚重要的工作性指标，端头扩大型土层锚杆技术作为提高锚固力的一种有效手段虎来越得到人们的重视，为此，在这着重介绍国内外土层锚杆端头扩大技术的原理及应用发展情况。     

榴辉岩的化学分类

以山东荣成地区的榴辉岩为例,把榴辉岩分为镁一榴辉岩、铁一榴辉岩和钙一榴辉岩三类。三类榴辉岩的岩石化学,主要造岩矿物成分都有明显差别,石榴石分别是镁铝榴石、铁铝榴石和钙铝榴石。绿辉石的硬玉分子也有不同。三类榴辉岩的化学成分限制是Mg-榴辉岩MgO>10%,石榴石以镁铝榴分子占优势,Fe-榴辉岩的MgO<10,石榴石以铁铝榴石分子占优势。Ca-榴辉岩CaO>19%,石榴石以钙铝榴石分子优势。     

从综合地层学观点论华南浅海相泥盆系—石炭系的分界

生物地层学、事件地层学和层地层学综合研究表明，华南浅海相区与Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｄｅｌｌａｐｒａｅｓｕｌｃａｔａ带和Ｓ．ｓｕｌｃａｔａ带之间的界线相当的泥盆系－石炭系的界线不仅高于Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ带楔界，而且还应高于引起Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ绝灭的海退事件层的顶界。     

Separate Analysis of Remote Sensing Information of Structures of Different Geological Periods and Quantitative Study of Corresponding Tectonic Stress Fields

The structural feature shown on a remote sensing image is a synthetic result ofcombination of the deformations produced during the entire geological history of an area.Therefore, the respective tectonic stress field of each of the different stages in the complexdeformation of an area can be reconstructed in three steps: (1) geological structures formed atdifferent times are distinguished in remote sensing image interpretation; (2) structuraldeformation fields at different stages are determined by analyzing relationships betweenmicrostructures (joints and fractures) and the related structures (folds and faults); and (3)tectonic stress fields at different stages are respectively recovered through a study of the featuresof structural deformation fields in different periods. Circular structures and related circlular and radial joints are correlated in space to con-cealed structural rises. The authors propose a new method for establishing a natural model ofthe concealed structural rises and calculating the tectonic stress field by using quantitative dataof the remote sensing information of circular structures and related linear structures.     

Thermodynamic Modelling of Ore-Forming Mechanism of the Changkeng Gold-Silver Deposits in Guangdong Province

The Changkeng gold-silver deposits consist of a sediment-hosted, disseminated gold deposit and a replacement-type silver deposit. The mineralizations of gold and silver are zoned and closely related to the silicification of carbonate and clastic rocks, so that siliceous ores dominate in the deposit. The mineralizing temperature ranges mainly from 300 to 170℃, and K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Cl- are the major ions in the ore-forming fluid. Calculations of distribution of metal complexes show that gold is mainly transported by hydrosulphide complexes, but chloride complexes of silver, iron, lead, and zinc, which are transformed into hydroxyl and hydrosulphide complexes under neutral to weak-alkaline circumstances in the late stage, predominate in the ore-forming solutions. Water-rock interaction is confirmed to be the effective mechanism for the formation of silver ores by computer modelling of reaction of hydrothermal solution with carbonate rocks. The solubility analyses demonstrate that the precipitation     

略论工程地质学思维

本文讨论了工程地质学的学术思维, 包括地质成因思维、地质结构思维、地质工程思维、地质环境思维、地质系统思维, 籍以庆贺孙广忠教授七十大寿和他对工程地质学的卓越贡献。     

人为地质灾害和地质环境

本文论述了人为地质灾害的概念, 典型事例以及人为地质灾害与地质环境的相互关系。指出, 人为地质灾害是由于人类的工程经济活动而引起的地质灾害。人为地质灾害可导致地质环境恶化, 使环境质量下降；而地质环境恶化又可导致地质灾害的加重, 使灾害频度增大, 强度增高。     

地球演化中最大的两级节律

地球演化中表现出的最大两级节律为１０×１０８ａ和２×１０８ａ。每２个相邻节律可合并为一个周期，因而地球演化的最大两级周期为２０×１０８ａ和４×１０８ａ。岩石学、地层学和构造地质学方面诸多证据都说明这种划分的合理性。对于地球演化中的这类大型节律及周期性的成因机制，用笔者已提出的“地球多级驻波脉动理论模型”可以得到较合理的解释。     

雅砻江畔雅江县城区地质灾害特征及其防治对策

四川省雅江县城座落于雅砻江河畔。在城区０．８４ｋｍ＾２范围内发育有城南滑坡，城区斜 地面变形、城东危岩和城北滑坡四大地质灾害单元，构成了较为罕见的雅江县城独特的地质灾害特征。论述了雅江县城稆种地质这为害的特征及危害性，并对各咱地质灾害单元按其轻重缓解提出相的防治措施和对策。     

利用磷灰石裂变径迹计算隆升速率的一些问题

主要讨论了利用磷灰石理解变径迹年龄－－地形高差法计算隆升速率存在的一些问题，介绍了近年来国外在磷灰石裂变径迹退火方面取得的新进展及其在研究隆升速率问题上的应用，并分析了利用磷灰石裂变径迹研究隆升速率应当注意的问题，强调了加强径迹长度分析的研究。