高精度磁测在勘查热液硼矿床中的应用

常宁县汤市硼矿属接触交代—热液型矿床。区内沉积岩和花岗岩磁性微弱或无磁性,与硼矿密切相关的矽卡岩及硼矿石中磁铁矿含量较高。大理岩型硼矿石磁化率168×10~(-1)nT,矽卡岩型硼矿石磁化率29033×10~(-1)nT。已知半边街矿段△T等值线形态反映出矿体产状,并与矿体投影形态一致。用△T高精度磁测寻找埋深大、磁性弱的隐伏内生硼矿是有效的方法之一。从已有磁测资料分析,预测该地区瓦盏洲一新屋山、周家屋场一带可作为硼矿找矿靶区。     

浅议高压喷射注浆技术

高压喷射注浆技术是近年发展起来的一种基础处理新技术,它是利用高压载能介质将软弱土体冲切破碎后注入固结浆液在原位混合凝固,达到强化地基的目的。该技术多用于深层软土地基加固,建造堤坝防渗帷幕及高强度的防渗挡土墙等。本文就这项新技术及其机具设备与安装、施工程序、应用前景作了概括介绍。     

新疆东天山泥盆纪火山岩岩石学特征及其形成的大地构造环境

新疆东天山地区泥盆纪火山活动频繁,火山岩广泛发育。火山岩系由钙碱系列(占75％)石英安山岩、英安岩、玄武岩、碱长流纹岩以及大量的火山碎屑岩,和拉斑玄武系列(约占25％)的石英拉斑玄武岩,少量橄榄拉斑玄武岩组成。岩石普遍富含Na_2O,SiO_2,而贫MgO,K_2O,以CaO,属钠质型和普通型。稀有元素配分型式具“三隆起”特征,过渡族元素呈明显的“W”形态,稀土元素为铕平坦或略具亏损的轻稀土富集型。据研究,火山岩由南至北具明显的钾元素地球化学极性。反映其板块构造环境为一俯冲带倾向北的陆壳型岛弧。     

中国东南沿海及邻近海区一种独特的大陆增生方式——转换断层向俯冲体系的转变

闽东沿海构造带—东海陆架西缘断裂、钓鱼岛隆起带(台湾—宍道褶皱带)以及帛琉—九州洋脊在中生代期间先后经历了自转换断层向俯冲系统的转变,这种转变构成了中国东南及毗邻海区独特的大陆增生方式,它表明特提斯和古太平洋的演化对这一地区的中、新生代构造格局起着重要的制约作用。     

新疆吉木乃县塔斯特金矿成因探讨

塔斯特金矿床为一破碎带蚀变岩型金矿。通过稳定同位素、包裹体、成矿元素及成矿物理化学条件的研究,提出该矿的成矿溶液是岩浆水和大气降水之混合物。成矿元素主要来自深源侵入的二长花岗岩。成矿温度为中偏高温。成矿溶液为高盐度、高密度和高挥发份条件。为深源岩浆侵入的花岗岩中破碎蚀变岩型金矿。     

赣东北元古代蛇绿岩Sm—Nd同位素年龄及地质意义

江南古陆东南缘赣东北弋阳—德兴—婺源一线有一条蛇绿岩带,普遍认为它是二个一级大地构造单元的分界线,形成于元古代。推断蛇绿混杂岩是元古代古洋壳俯冲时被挤上来的碎片;也有人认为它是中生代二大古陆之间的缝合线。Sm-Nd矿物等时线给出1034±16Ma(MSWD=1.0)的同位素年龄,它符合元古代缝合带的观点,而不利于中生代缝合带。     

Chromite deposits in China and their origin

The major chromite resources of China occur in ophiolites and continental intrusions. Podiform chromite deposits are mainly developed in the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic ophiolitic mantle sequences. They occur as tabular, lenticular, or irregular masses hosted by dunite lithologies, or dunite lenses, or harzburgite associated with dunite lenses. Main stratiform deposits occur within the Archean Northern China craton and are named as the Gaosi-type deposits, which are contained in intrusions similar to their Alaskan-type counterparts and are characterised by their ring-shaped ores. Stratiform deposits are also found in Phanerozoic ophiolites. Chromites in the ophiolites are chemically divided into high-A1 and high-Cr types, both of which plot in the alpine type field. Chromites from the Gaosi-type deposits belong to high-Fe type, possessing uniform Al contents. The podiform chromitites were generated from magmatic pockets in the mantle sequences, whereas those deposits (such as the Dadao deposit) in cumulate sequences had a similar origin but crystallized at shallower depths. Stratiform Gaosi-type deposits should have formed by accumulation of chromites which were in equilibrium with an ultramafic magma with a uniform Al content.